Obesity diagnostics in patients with hemodialysis: bioimpedansometry and caliperometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Filinyuk ◽  
A. Sh. Rumyantsev
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Bioimpedance Measurement

Obesity is considered one of the most common syndromes in medical practice. Over the past 40 years, the average body mass index (BMI) has increased by 10.3 % in men and by 9.4 % in women. It is believed that obesity, diagnosed by BMI, is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, and, accordingly, negatively affects a person's life expectancy. Among the methods that make it possible not only to characterize the ratio of height and body weight but to give an idea of the amount of body fat, the most popular in our country are caliperometry and bioimpedance measurement. THE AIM: to assess the possibility of interchangeability of caliperometry and bioimpedance measurement in determining body fat mass in dialysis patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study involved 140 patients, including 66 men and 58 women, receiving HD treatment. In general, the surveyed group can be characterized as clinically stable. To determine the body composition, all patients underwent caliperometry using the TVES KETS 100 electronic caliper.RESULTS. Fat mass according to caliperometry data was 40.0 % in women, 30.0 % in men, p = 0.0001. According to bioimpedance measurements – 39.9 and 28.3 %, respectively, p = 0.0001. During the ROC analysis, the area under the curve for caliperometry was 0.851 (CI 0.729-0.932), for bioimpedance measurements 0.839 (CI 0.715-0.932). The correlation between the two methods in determining body fat mass in kg was Rs = 0.991 p = 0.0001, and in % Rs = 0.985 p = 0.0001. When comparing the results of determining body fat by the Bland-Altman method, the average difference between the two methods was 0.6 ± 2.3 %, the degree of discrepancy was from -4 to + 5 %. The prevalence of obesity among dialysis patients by BMI was 29.4 % among women and 19.4 % among men. However, according to the results of both caliperometry and bioimpedance measurements, the real prevalence of obesity exceeded 90 %.CONCLUSION. Diagnosing obesity by BMI does not provide an indication of the true prevalence of obesity in dialysis patients. For this purpose, it is necessary to use bioimpedance or caliperometry. Both methods give comparable results and can be considered interchangeable.  

Prevalence of obesity using the body mass index and equivalent age- and sex-specific thresholds for percentage body fat mass

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e93
Author(s):  
Julie A. Pasco ◽  
Haslinda Gould ◽  
Kara L. Holloway ◽  
Amelia G. Dobbins ◽  
Mark A. Kotowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptations in the adipose tissue that underlie the body fat mass gain in middle-aged rats

AGE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Antonio Laurato Sertié ◽  
Rennan de Oliveira Caminhotto ◽  
Sandra Andreotti ◽  
Amanda Baron Campaña ◽  
André Ricardo Gomes de Proença ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations

The Plasma Leptin Concentration Is Closely Associated with the Body Fat Mass in Nondiabetic Uremic Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Clausen ◽  
Palle Kjærulff Nielsen ◽  
Klaus Olgaard ◽  
Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene A. Garcia-Yu ◽  
Luis Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Manuel A. Gomez-Marcos ◽  
Emiliano Rodriguez-Sanchez ◽  
Cristina Lugones-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Habitual Diet

Abstract During menopause, women undergo a series of physiological changes that include a redistribution of fat tissue. This study was designed to investigate the effect of adding 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women daily on body composition. We conducted a 6-month, two-arm randomised, controlled trial. Postmenopausal women (57·2 (sd 3·6) years, n 132) were recruited in primary care clinics. Participants in the control group (CG) did not receive any intervention. Those of the intervention group (IG) received 10 g daily of 99 % cocoa chocolate in addition to their habitual diet for 6 months. This quantity comprises 247 kJ (59 kcal) and 65·4 mg of polyphenols. The primary outcomes were the between-group differences in body composition variables, measured by impendancemetry at the end of the study. The main effect of the intervention showed a favourable reduction in the IG with respect to the CG in body fat mass (–0·63 kg (95 % CI –1·15, –0·11), P = 0·019; Cohen’s d = –0·450) and body fat percentage (–0·79 % (95 % CI –1·31, –0·26), P = 0·004; Cohen’s d = –0·539). A non-significant decrease was also observed in BMI (–0·20 kg/m2 (95 % CI –0·44, 0·03), P = 0·092; Cohen’s d = –0·345). Both the body fat mass and the body fat percentage showed a decrease in the IG for the three body segments analysed (trunk, arms and legs). Daily addition of 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women reduces their body fat mass and body fat percentage without modifying their weight.

Effect of growth hormone administration and treadmill exercise on the body composition of rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Yeh ◽  
J. F. Aloia ◽  
M. Chen ◽  
S. Sprintz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Growth Hormone Administration ◽  
Hormone Administration

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of growth hormone administration and treadmill exercise on bone mass, body fat mass, and fat-free mass. Forty female rats aged 14 mo were divided into control, ovine growth hormone administration (0.5 mg.kg-1.day-1; GH), treadmill exercise (17 m/min, 60 min/day; EX), and EX + GH groups. Noninvasive total body electrical conductivity and dual X-ray absorptiometry techniques were used to assess the body fat content, fat-free mass, and tibial and L4 vertebral bone mineral content of each experimental animal at weeks 0, 9, and 16. The age-related increase in body fat mass was suppressed in the GH group, and the fat-free mass and L4 bone mass were higher in the GH group than in the control group. Conversely, in the EX group there was no gain in body fat mass and no significant change in fat-free mass or vertebral bone mass. The tibial bone mass increased in both the GH and EX groups; however, the time response to the two interventions appeared to differ. In the EX + GH group there was no further enhancement of the anabolic effect on the tibial bone mass. The effect of growth hormone administration on body fat content and bone mass is distinct from that of treadmill exercise.

The adipoinsular axis: effects of leptin on pancreatic β-cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. E1-E14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Kieffer ◽  
Joel F. Habener
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Satiety Hormone ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Plasma Leptin

The prevalence of obesity and related diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. Here we review evidence for the existence of an adipoinsular axis, a dual hormonal feedback loop involving the hormones insulin and leptin produced by pancreatic β-cells and adipose tissue, respectively. Insulin is adipogenic, increases body fat mass, and stimulates the production and secretion of leptin, the satiety hormone that acts centrally to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure. Leptin in turn suppresses insulin secretion by both central actions and direct actions on β-cells. Because plasma levels of leptin are directly proportional to body fat mass, an increase of adiposity increases plasma leptin, thereby curtailing insulin production and further increasing fat mass. We propose that the adipoinsular axis is designed to maintain nutrient balance and that dysregulation of this axis may contribute to obesity and the development of hyperinsulinemia associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals No acute response of leptin to an oral fat load in obese patients and during circadian rhythm in healthy controls

2000 ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Guerci ◽  
S Hadjadj ◽  
D Quilliot ◽  
O Ziegler ◽  
P Drouin
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Insulin Responses ◽  
Oral Fat Load

This study was done to elucidate the relationship between postprandial leptin and obesity, and the possible influence of the circadian rhythm on the dynamic leptin response to an oral fat load (OFLT). In experiment 1, we measured the leptin and insulin responses to an oral fat load in 16 non-diabetic obese subjects and in 16 healthy controls, matched for age and gender. In experiment 2, we measured the leptin and insulin responses to an OFLT according to the time of fat load ingestion: 0700 h (diurnal (D) test) or 2200 h (nocturnal (N) test) in nine normal-weight healthy males. Baseline leptin concentration was correlated with the body mass index, body fat mass and percentage of body fat mass in both experiments. The leptin concentrations were higher in women than in men (P<0.001). In experiment 1, the leptin concentrations were higher in obese subjects than in controls, but did not change over time in either group. The plasma insulin concentrations at baseline and during the postprandial state, as well as the area under the curve (AUC) of insulin, were higher in obese subjects than in controls (P<0.05-0. 0001). There was no correlation between postprandial insulin responses and postprandial leptin responses in either obese or control groups. In experiment 2, leptin (D vs N, 2.9+/-1.4 vs 2. 9+/-1.0 ng/ml) and insulin (D vs N, 41+/-18 vs 25+/-9 pmol/l) concentrations were similar at the beginning of the D and N tests after a 10 h fast. The leptin concentrations did not change after D or N tests and were not statistically different for D and N tests. Our results indicate that the leptin concentration in healthy controls and in obese patients is not acutely influenced by a high fat load.

scholarly journals Strong and Bitter Vegetables from Traditional Cultivars and Cropping Methods Improve the Health Status of Type 2 Diabetics: A Randomized Control Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813
Author(s):  
Anne Cathrine Thorup ◽  
Hanne Lakkenborg Kristensen ◽  
Ulla Kidmose ◽  
Max Norman Tandrup Lambert ◽  
Lars Porskjær Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Root Vegetables

Vegetables rich in bitter-tasting phytochemicals may exert enhanced beneficial effects against key factors associated with type two diabetes (T2D). This study investigates whether selected cultivars of bitter and strong-tasting (BST) Brassica and root vegetables exert greater health benefits on T2D patients compared to equivalent modern mild and sweet tasting (MST) vegetables. A 12-week randomized, controlled, parallel intervention study involved 92 T2D patients, who were allocated three different diets: (1) 500 g daily of bitter and strong-tasting (BST) vegetables; (2) 500 g daily of mild and sweet-tasting (MST) vegetables; (3) 120 g daily MST normal diet (control). Both vegetable diets contained root vegetables and cabbages selected based on sensory differences and content of phytochemicals. Prior to and after the study, all participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 24 h blood pressure measurements, DEXA scans, and fasted blood samples. Both diets high in vegetables significantly reduced the participants’ BMI, total body fat mass, and HbA1c levels compared to control, but in the BST group, significant differences were also found regarding incremental area under the curve glucose 240 min (OGTT) and fasting glucose levels. A high daily intake of root vegetables and cabbages showed significant health improvements in both vegetable groups. BST vegetables had the greatest impact on insulin sensitivity, body fat mass, and blood pressure compared to control; moreover, they further improved glycemic control compared to MST vegetables.

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