scholarly journals The influence of growing technology on the resistance of potato varieties to dry fusarium rot

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
V. Gabenets ◽  
S. Bomok
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Conventional Methods

Goal. The study of the effectiveness technology of potato cultivation for the phytosanitary state of tubers in the conditions of the Polesie region of Ukraine. Methods. Research of production crops of the Gabenets farm. Monitoring of major fungal diseases on potato tubers. Identification of phytopathogens on potato tubers. Farming technology consisted of 9 stages and included 6 herbicide-fungicidal treatments in the growing season of potato plants. Samples were collected and phytopathological analysis of potato tubers during harvest was conducted according to conventional methods. Identification of pathogens of fungal diseases was carried out at the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, according to conventional methods. Results. The performance of potato varieties in the application of a set of protection measures in FG “Gabenets” was evaluated. It was analyzed that the yields of varieties on the production crops of the farm were quite high and ranged from 50.25 to 58.10 t / ha, and the yield from one bush — from 1.014 kg to 1.163 kg. The highest yield was on production crops of the Pirol variety and amounted to 58.10 t / ha, compared to the control — 47.30 t / ha. Phytopathological analysis of potato chips varieties was carried out, which resulted in the detection of dry fusarium potato rot in control variants of Opal, Karlenа, Fantasia and Kibitz. No crop disease was detected in production crops where a system of protective measures was applied. Pirol cultivar has proven to be resistant to fungal pathogens. Conclusions. Protective measures during the vegetation of potato plants prevented the mass development of fungal diseases on potato tubers, which in turn will have a positive effect on the stickiness of the tubers and preserve their marketability.

scholarly journals Phomous rot is a dangerous disease of potato tubers

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
V. Polozhenets ◽  
L. Nemerytska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Microbiological Diagnosis ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
First Time

Goal. To establish the symptoms of pathogens of fomose rot on potato varieties of different resistance, to isolate pathogens from the genus Phoma, parasitizing on tubers and stems of plants. Methods. Symptoms of phomotic rot were determined visually by the determinant of diseases and the method of microbiological diagnosis was used. Pathogens were isolated from stems and tubers affected by fomose rot. Results. On the basis of psychopathological examination, it was experimentally proved for the first time in Ukraine that fomozna potato rot is widespread in commodity and seed potato plantings. The degree of harmfulness reaches 35%. Pathogens of the genus Phoma (Ph. Solanicola Prill. Et Del Ph tuberosa Malkomcon) affect potato stems and tubers. On the stems, the first symptoms appear as spots during the flowering phase of the plants, and on tubers the gangrene appears as round, depressed and hard spots, light or dark brown in color, on the top of which pycnids form. According to the harmfulness of the pathogen, the Polesye of Ukraine is divided into three zones: 1. The zone of strong development includes the Volyn and Zhytomyr regions, where the number of affected plants with phomosis exceeds 5%, affected tubers — 8—10%; 2. The zone of moderate development, it includes the Rivne and Khmelnitsky regions, where the number of plants affected by phomosis is 2—3%, and tubers during storage of the crop — 5—7%; 3. The zone of insignificant development of the disease includes Kiev and Chernihiv regions, where the number of plants affected by gangrene is up to 2%, and tubers after storage of the crop — up to 4%. Conclusions. According to the results of psychopathological surveys, three zones of development of fomose rot of potatoes (severe, moderate and minor damage to phomosis) were identified and a scheme for the development cycle of the infection of the genus Phoma (Solanicola Prill. et. Del. And Ph. Tuberosa Melh.) was established. Symptoms of fomose rot appear on the stems in the form of elongated blurry spots, on which pycnids form from light brown (Eurostar) to dark brown (Riviera) color. On potato tubers, fomosis appears in the form of round, hard, sunken spots of a dark color. It is proved that during the interaction of potato plants with pathogens of the genus Phoma complex physiological, biochemical and pathological processes occur that significantly reduce productivity, quality, taste and other economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Influence of pollinators and growth regulators on the development of potato alternaria in the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
S. Bomоk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Experiment Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Goal. Evaluate the effectiveness of different schemes with the use of isolates and growth promoters separately and in a mixture on different potato varieties on an artificial infectious background of Alternaria spр. Methods. Field research, small-town. Monitoring the development of alternaria in the vegetative period of potato plants, and the main diseases of the tubers – during the storage of the crop, in accordance with generally accepted methods. The studied varieties – foreign selection  (Carlene, Gala and Riviera). The scheme of the experiment included 9 options: 1- control; 2- Poteitin; 3- Simpto; 4. Masterpiece; 5- Ass-Selective; 6th Masterpiece + Simpto; 7- Masterpiece + Poteitin; 8- Ass-Selective + Simpto; 9- Ac-Selective + Poteitin. Results. During the years of research, the varieties of Gal and Riviera were less affected by alternatives than the Carlene variety. It was established that the treatment of potato tubers before planting under the combination of the preparations Ac-Selectiv + Simpto increased resistance to alternaria and had a positive effect on all investigated varieties of potatoes, the disease developed from 5,1 to 5,6%, and the distribution from 20,6 to 30,2%. It was found that potato tubers of the Galа and Riviera varieties in all investigated variants during the harvest were affected by fusariosis (the disease developed from 1,86 to 3,24%) and parasley common (the disease developed from 0,94 to 3,24%). Potato varieties of Carlena variety were affected by fusariosis, common scab, rhizotoniosis and alternaria. Diseases of Fusariosis and Alternaria have affected tubers in all treatments and controls. The defeat of tubers with fusariosis was 1,88 to 3,24%. The defeat of parasites was from 0,91 to 1,64%. Defeat of tubers by diseases of rhizoctoniosis and alternaria was observed in the variants of the experiment: control, Poteitin, Simpto, Masterpiece and Ass-Selective. Defeat by rhizotoniosis was in the range from 0.50 to 0,90%, alternatively – from 0,50 to 1,0%. The same chemists in combination with growth regulators appeared to be more effective for the Carlene variety, and there were no rhizoctoniosis and alternariae. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the action against Alternaria spр.. on plants of three varieties and fusariosis, the first common, rhizoctoniosis and alternaria on potato tubers. Continuation of research in 2019 will determine the most effective options for potato processing, which will ensure the high efficiency of protecting plant potato from illness.

Influence of preplant treatment of potato tubers by fungicide for diseases such as scab

10.12737/6542 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сафин ◽  
Radik Safin ◽  
Зайцева ◽  
Tatyana Zaytseva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
General Characteristic ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Post Graduate Student ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Crop

This article presents the results of researches of the phytosanitary condition and yield of potato tubers, treated with chemical and biological fungicides. The authors of the paper are Zaytseva Tatyana Vasilevna, a post graduate student of General agriculture, plant protection and plant breeding Department, Safin Radik Ilyasovich – Ph Of Agriculture, professor, a head of General agriculture, plant protection and plant breeding Department. The article is entitled “Influence of preplant treatment of potato tubers by fungicide for diseases such as scab”. It is divided into the following parts: “Introduction”, “Research terms, materials and methods”, “Discussion and analysis of results”, “Conclusion”. In the introduction, we discussed the problem of rise the prevalence and severity of diseases such as scab of potato; formulated an aim - to justify, develop the biologized security system of potato tubers from diseases such as scab. Then the general characteristic of the problem was given, the conditions, materials and methods were described. The main part presents the analysis and discussion of the results on the impact of contamination of planting material tubers by scab type diseases on growth and development of potato plants, distribution and development of leaf mycosis, infectiousness of new crop tubers by diseases, such as scab. The paper presents data, confirming the basic provisions. In conclusion, it states, that the obtained data led to the preliminary conclusion, that biologics be stronger or almost equal influence on the growth of productivity, than chemical protectant.

Effects of irrigation regimes on powdery scab disease and yield of potatoes

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Taylor ◽  
SP Flett ◽  
RFde Boer ◽  
D Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Powdery Scab ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Spongospora Subterranea ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Tuber Set ◽  
Large Scale Field

The period of susceptibility of potato tubers to powdery scab (Spongospora subterranea) was studied by inoculating potato plants with spores, or by watering plants in infested soil, at different stages of plant development in greenhouse conditions. Maximum susceptibility began about 1 week before the stage when 50% of stolons had swollen to at least 5-mm diameter (tuber set), and ended 3-4 weeks later. With holding irrigation water during this period reduced the severity of powdery scab by 65-75% in field experiments in 1981-82 and 1982-83, but had no apparent effect on disease severity in 3 out of 6 large-scale field trials during 1984-85.

​Factors Affecting Production of Important Pulse Crops in Rajasthan: A Cobb Douglas Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Hari Singh ◽  
Girdhari lal Meena ◽  
Jitendra Suman ◽  
Sharad Sachan
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Pulses are one of the most important food crops grown globally owed to their higher protein content. It also accounts for larger financial gains of the agricultural sector by amounting for a large part of the exports. The present study was carried out to determine the factors affecting production of pulse crops in Rajasthan. Methods: This paper based on secondary data collected over the years i.e. from 2000-01 to 2017-18. The Cobb-douglas production function was used to the observation for the estimation of elasticity of selected variables contributing to the production of pulses in Rajasthan state, Cobb douglas type production function was employed to assess the effects of seed, fertilizer, manure, human labour, irrigation, bullock labour and plant protection measures on pulses production. Result: The results from the study have shown that fertilizer and plant protection measures were positively significant while the variable corresponding to irrigation water was negatively significantly affecting the gram production. The variables such as seed and irrigation water were found positive and significant, while plant protection measures had significant negative effect on black gram production. Only two variables namely, fertilizer and irrigation water were found positively significant out of estimating production function of green gram.

Assessment of IPM module against pod borer complex in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
◽  
S. Nath ◽  
S.K. Kannaujia ◽  
S.P. Sonkar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
On Farm

On-farm testing of IPM module in pigeon pea against pod borer complex was carried out on farmers’ field of two villages of district Jaunpur by KVK Jaunpur- 1 during 2018 and 2019 with three components viz., IPM module, farmers’ practice, and untreated check without plant protection measures. The IPM interventions viz., growing pod borer tolerant variety, two rows of maize as a border crop, installation of pheromone traps and bird perches with the application of botanical based insecticide azadirachtin 1% at the vegetative stage as an oviposition deterrence, application of chlorantraniliprole, and flubendiamide at critical stages of pod borer appearance during bud initiation and flowering stages. The reduction in the larval population and pod damage in IPM treated plots resulted in a significant increase in grain yield (1525 kg/ha) followed by farmers’ practice (1195 kg/ha) and in untreated check (857 kg/ha) The increase in grain yield was due to an additional investment of Rs.4100/-ha towards IPM module and farmers’ practice (Rs.2600/-ha). The excess expenditure incurred resulted in the highest net return of Rs.47550/-ha in the IPM module as compared to farmers' practice and in untreated check resulted in the lowest net return of Rs.18250/-ha.

Accessibility and frequency of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) usages by Haryana Farmers

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Rupender Kumar ◽  
Pardeep Chahal ◽  
Mukesh Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Fm Radio ◽  
E Mail

The study was carried out in four district of Haryana state namely Yamunanagar, Karnal, Hisar and Fatehabad, selected randomly. In total 240 respondents from 16 village were selected for analysis of Accessibility and frequency of ICT. Availability of mobile among the farmers was high followed by television, FM/Radio, internet accessed WhatsApp; face book; YouTube; E-mail, camera enabled mobile phone, Computer, , E-book and CD/VCD were found available and accessed by the farmers. Frequent use of mobile phone by farmers was found followed by TV, FM/Radio, internet, WhatsApp; Mobile phone, face book, YouTube, Computer, E-mail, E-book and CD/VCD. Farmers use of ICTs for the Variety of purpose included marketing, schedule of water supply, supportive facts, plant protection measures, marketing of dairy product, health care practices, management practices, breeding and reproduction practices. Variables education, socio-economic status, extension contact, mass media exposure, scientific orientation, economic motivation and risk orientation exhibited positive and significant whereas age exhibited negative significant with number of ICTs usage by farmers.

scholarly journals Victimization, perception of insecurity, and changes in daily routines in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Elena Ávila ◽  
Belén Martínez-Ferrer ◽  
Alejandro Vera ◽  
Alejandro Bahena ◽  
Gonzalo Musitu
Keyword(s):  
Public Security ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
High Crime

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationships between victimization, perception of insecurity, and changes in routines. METHODS The 8,170 subjects of both sexes (49.9% women and 50.1% men) aged between 12 and 60 years, selected from a proportional stratified sampling, participated in this study. The measuring instrument was an adaptation of the National Survey on Victimization and Perception of Public Security. Chi-square tests were performed. RESULTS The results show significant differences on victimization and sex regarding perception of insecurity, restrictions on everyday activities, and protection measures. 13.1% of those interviewed claimed to have been victims of a crime in the past 12 months. 52.7% of women considered their municipality as unsafe or very unsafe. In the case of men, this percentage was 58.2%. Female victims reported significant restrictions in everyday activities when compared to non-victims. In relation to men, the percentage of victims with a high restriction of activities was higher in male victims than non-victims. In the group of victimized women, the segment of women who opted for increased measures of protection against crime was larger than expected, while those of non-victims who took less protective measures was lower than expected. These same results were observed in the group of men. CONCLUSIONS The experience of victimization implies a greater perception of insecurity. However, the climate of insecurity is widespread in a large number of citizens. Gender differences in a high-crime environment show the importance of investigating in depth the roles of both genders in the perception of insecurity and changes in routines.

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