scholarly journals Basic interactions of Aspergillus niger with Se(IV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Martin Urík ◽  
Jaroslav Ševc ◽  
Pavol Littera ◽  
Marek Kolenčík ◽  
Slavomír Čerňanský
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Negligible Amount ◽  
Total Selenium ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is commonly found on decaying vegetation or in indoor environment and has a number of uses, including application in bioremediation. Hence, the basic interactions of this common mould with selenite were studied, including biovolatilization, bioaccumulation and toxicity effects of selenite on fungal growth. The fungal strain, originally isolated from noncontaminated soil, was cultivated under aerobic conditions on liquid cultivation media with concentration of Se(IV) 19 or 27 mg.l-1 during 25 days. The fungal growth in the presence of selenite was not inhibited when compared to control, only the sporulation was reduced. The concentration of Se(IV) in liquid medium decreased rapidly within first ten days to 1 mg.l-1. However, according to results from the 25th day of cultivation, the concentration of total selenium in medium did not change significantly and only negligible amount of selenium (less then 1%) was bioaccumulated. That indicates some biotransformation of selenite into other selenium species. During the cultivation, up to 21% of total amount of selenium was transformed into volatile derivatives (biovolatilization) by filamentous fungus A. niger.

scholarly journals Fungal Mobilization of Selenium in the Presence of Hausmannite and Ferric Oxyhydroxides

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Bence Farkas ◽  
Hana Vojtková ◽  
Marek Bujdoš ◽  
Marek Kolenčík ◽  
Martin Šebesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Soil Fungus ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Manganese Uptake ◽  
Solid Phases ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Bioleaching of mineral phases plays a crucial role in the mobility and availability of various elements, including selenium. Therefore, the leachability of selenium associated with the surfaces of ferric and manganese oxides and oxyhydroxides, the prevailing components of natural geochemical barriers, has been studied in the presence of filamentous fungus. Both geoactive phases were exposed to selenate and subsequently to growing fungus Aspergillus niger for three weeks. This common soil fungus has shown exceptional ability to alter the distribution and mobility of selenium in the presence of both solid phases. The fungus initiated the extensive bioextraction of selenium from the surfaces of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxides, while the hausmannite (Mn3O4) was highly susceptible to biodeterioration in the presence of selenium. This resulted in specific outcomes regarding the selenium, iron, and manganese uptake by fungus and residual selenium concentrations in mineral phases as well. The adverse effects of bioleaching on fungal growth are also discussed.

Lysis and biological control of Aspergillus niger by Bacillus subtilis AF 1

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Podile ◽  
A. P. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Cells

A biocontrol rhizobacterial strain of Bacillus subtilis AF 1 grown for 6 h was coinoculated with Aspergillus niger at different time intervals and microscopic observations revealed adherence of bacterial cells to the fungal mycelium. Bacterial cells multiplied in situ and colonized the mycelial surface. Growth of AF 1 resulted in damage to the cell wall, followed by lysis. AF 1 inoculation into media containing A. niger at 0, 6, and 12 h suppressed >90% fungal growth, while in 18- and 24-h cultures fungal growth inhibition was 70 and 56%, respectively, in terms of dry weight. In dual culture the fungal growth was not accompanied by formation of spores. The mycelial preparation of A. niger as principal carbon source supported the growth of B. subtilis, as much as chitin. Extracellular protein precipitate from B. subtilis culture filtrate had a significant growth-retarding effect on A. niger. Groundnut seeds bacterized with B. subtilis showed a reduced incidence of crown rot in A. niger infested soil, suggesting a possible role of B. subtilis in biological control of A. niger.Key words: mycolytic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, biological control.

scholarly journals New Isolated Metschnikowia pulcherrima Strains from Apples for Postharvest Biocontrol of Penicillium expansum and Patulin Accumulation

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
Laura Settier-Ramírez ◽  
Gracia López-Carballo ◽  
Pilar Hernández-Muñoz ◽  
Angélique Fontana ◽  
Caroline Strub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Metschnikowia Pulcherrima ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Main Producer

Wild yeasts isolated from the surface of apples were screened for antagonistic activity against Penicillium expansum, the main producer of the mycotoxin patulin. Three antagonistic yeasts (Y33, Y29 and Y24) from a total of 90 were found to inhibit P. expansum growth. Identification by ITS region sequence and characterization showed that three selected isolates of yeast should be different strains of Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Several concentrations of the selected yeasts were used to study their in vitro antifungal effectivity against P. expansum on Petri dishes (plates with 63.6 cm2 surface) whereas their potential activity on patulin reduction was studied in liquid medium. Finally, the BCA that had the best in vitro antifungal capacity against P. and the best patulin degradation capacity was selected to be assessed directly on apples. All the selected strains demonstrated antifungal activity in vitro but the most efficient was the strain Y29. Isolated strains were able to reduce patulin content in liquid medium, Y29 being the only strain that completely reduced patulin levels within 120 h. The application of Y29 as biocontrol agent on the surface of apples inoculated with P. expansum, inhibited fungal growth and patulin production during storage. Therefore, the results shown that this yeast strain could be used for the reduction of P. expansum and its mycotoxin in apples or apple-based products by adapting the procedure application.

Influence of Surfactants on Biodegradation of Chlordane by Wood-Rotting Fungus

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 908-911
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Xiao ◽  
Tie Xue You ◽  
Yu Zhen Song ◽  
Shan Ying ◽  
Jian Qiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
Triton X

Wood-rotting fungus,Phlebia lindtneriGB 1027, was tested in toxicity assays with three surfactants in order to select surfactants for degradation assays of chlordane. Tween 80 and Triton X-100 appeared to have lower effect on the fungal growth on solid medium, while higher effect of fungal growth was observed in solid medium with SDS. Tween 80 had positive effects both on the chlordane degradation and the fungal growth. When fungus was incubated on PDB liquid medium with Tween 80 of 10 CMC after 20 d, 78.6% of chlordane was removed. In the treatments with Triton X-100, this strain showed comparatively greatest degradation rate (70.8%) of chlordane at a concentration of 2 CMC. However, when Triton X-100 concentration was higher than 2 CMC (5 and 10 CMC), the enhancement for the biodegradation of chlordane decreased.

scholarly journals Pyrene and Chrysene Tolerance and Biodegradation Capability of Pleurotus Sajor-Caju

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Saiu ◽  
Stefania Tronci ◽  
Massimiliano Grosso ◽  
Enzo Cadoni ◽  
Nicoletta Curreli
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pleurotus Sajor Caju

Introduction: The present work focused on the biodegradation capability of a white-rot fungus, the Pleurotus sajor-caju, when exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Methods: The research was carried out by using in vitro systems developed on Petri dishes, to evaluate the fungal tolerance to pyrene and chrysene, followed by experiments in liquid medium. The first experimental campaign was necessary to evaluate the conditions promoting fungal growth and tolerance (presence of surfactants, peptone, copper sulphate and lecithin) and it was designed and analysed using statistical techniques. Results: It was found that the fungal population growth is strongly inhibited by chrysene presence. On the other hand, pyrene had a mild negative impact on the mycelia growth, which seemed to be positively influenced by the presence of Tween 80 and copper sulphate. Starting from these results, the behaviour of Pleurotus sajor-caju in presence of pyrene was investigated in liquid medium. Results showed that the depletion of pyrene was evident during a period of 20 days, and removal efficiency was greater than 90%.

Temperature-stress tolerance of the fungal strain Aspergillus niger 26: physiological and ultrastructural changes

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1661-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Abrashev ◽  
Stoyanka Stoitsova ◽  
Ekaterina Krumova ◽  
Svetlana Pashova ◽  
Tsvetelina Paunova-Krasteva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes

scholarly journals Aspergillus Otomycosis in an Immunocompromised Patient

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 622-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Rutt ◽  
Robert T. Sataloff
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Immunocompromised Patient ◽  
Bone Infection ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Culture Specimen

Aspergillus niger, an opportunistic filamentous fungus, was identified as the cause of chronic unilateral otomycosis in a 55-year old, immunocompromised man who had been unresponsive to a variety of treatment regimens. The patient presented with intermittent otalgia and otorrhea and with a perforation of his left tympanic membrane. A niger was identified in a culture specimen obtained from the patient's left ear canal. In immunocompromised patients, it is important that the treatment of otomycosis be prompt and vigorous, to minimize the likelihood of hearing loss and invasive temporal bone infection.

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