scholarly journals Periodontal disease in dogs and cats referred to the Veterinary Hospital of UFMT, Campus Sinop, MT

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
A. Camargo ◽  
A. A. Novais ◽  
D. Faria Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Animal Surgery ◽  
Veterinary Hospital ◽  
Interest And Knowledge

Canine and feline oral cavity was examined, referred to the small animal surgery and obstetric classes of the school veterinary hospital, between 2013, August and December. The study was conducted using a dental chart developed to enable proper oral assessment. The data were compared to the information relayed by the owners, mostly based on the type of food that was given to their pets and used dental care to keep the oral health of their animals. The results showed a lack of owners interest and knowledge about their pets dental care and, additionally, that most animals was not receiving adequate pet meal, what caused accumulation of food between the teeth and the early onset of periodontal disease. Finally, it was concluded that age is an important predisposing factor for the disease.

scholarly journals What Makes Oral Candidiasis Recurrent Infection? A Clinical View

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmi M. G. Darwazeh ◽  
Tamer A. Darwazeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
The Common

Clinical oral Candida infection (candidiasis) is one of the common oral mucosal infections, and its management is usually frustrating due to either treatment failure or recurrence. Historically, oral candidiasis has been branded as disease of diseased. The unsuccessful management of oral candidiasis can due to either incorrect diagnosis, failure to identify (or correct) the underlying predisposing factor(s), or inaccurate prescription of antifungal agents. Failure to properly treat oral candidiasis will lead to persistence of the fungal cell in the oral cavity and hence recurrence of infection. The oral health care provider should be aware of these fall pits in order to successfully manage oral candidiasis.

scholarly journals Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors—An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais de Cássia Negrini ◽  
Iracilda Zeppone Carlos ◽  
Cristiane Duque ◽  
Karina Sampaio Caiaffa ◽  
Rodrigo Alex Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate the interplay between the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this review also aimed to investigate how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act in promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic and oral conditions. We found that poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on the immune system of affected individuals, leading to a deficient immune response or to an exacerbation of the inflammatory response exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations in the oral microbiome since poor glycemic control is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of individuals with DM. A bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM has been suggested: DM patients may have an exaggerated inflammatory response, poor repair and bone resorption that aggravates periodontal disease whereas the increased levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators found in individuals affected with periodontal disease exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent an aggravating factor for individuals with DM. Individuals with DM tend to have low salivary flow and a high prevalence of xerostomia, but the association between prevalence/experience of dental caries and DM is still unclear. DM has also been associated to the development of lesions in the oral mucosa, especially potentially malignant ones and those associated with fungal infections. Obesity plays an important role in the induction and progression of DM. Co-affected obese and DM individuals tend to present worse oral health conditions. A decrease in HDL and, an increase in triglycerides bloodstream levels seem to be associated with an increase on the load of periodontopathogens on oral cavity. Moreover, DM may increase the likelihood of halitosis. Prevalence of impaired taste perception and impaired smell recognition tend to be greater in DM patients. An important interplay among oral cavity microbiome, DM, obesity and hypertension has been proposed as the reduction of nitrate into nitrite, in addition to contribute to lowering of blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress and increases insulin secretion, being these effects desirable for the control of obesity and DM. Women with PCOS tend to present a distinct oral microbial composition and an elevated systemic response to selective members of this microbial community, but the association between oral microbiome, PCOS are DM is still unknown. The results of the studies presented in this review suggest the interplay among the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, host immune response and DM and some of the DM associated risk factors exist. DM individuals need to be encouraged and motivated for an adequate oral health care. In addition, these results show the importance of adopting multidisciplinary management of DM and of strengthening physicians-dentists relationship focusing on both systemic and on oral cavity conditions of DM patients.

Prevalence of oral diseases in dogs in Tirana urban area

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haxhi Allmuca ◽  
Péllumb Zalla ◽  
Egon Andoni ◽  
Brunilda Mazari
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
The Right ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of oral diseases in dogs examined at the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital during 2013 - 2014. The dogs underwent a special control for diseases of oral cavity. Site specifications and severity of dental diseases were assessed using modified indexing systems. A total number of 776 dogs, presented at a private Tirana/Albania urban veterinary hospital for different reasons, during this period were analyzed. Analysis by oral disease type revealed 692 dogs or 89.1% dent-gingival disorders. Of these animals, 441 (56.8%) of 776 dogs had periodontal disease; 468 (60.3%) had dental calculus; 241 (31.0%) had teeth loss and 50 (6.4%) had abnormal attrition. Two cases of dogs suffering from tumours, one case with dental caries, two cases with the enamel hypoplasia and one case with gingival hyperplasia, were also observed. Data from this study showed that periodontitis and dental calculus are among the most common diseases prevalent in dogs. There were also observed changes in the deposit of calculus between the upper and lower jaw; with the most calculus deposits observed in the upper jaw. No differences were observed between the right side and the left side of the jaw. Dental calculus index was almost the same between the right side and left side. Frequency of periodontal changes and the degree of inflammation increased with an increase in the age of the dog. Dental calculus was observed at an earlier age in small breeds of dogs. Dental calculus index was lower in large dog breeds compared to the small dog breeds and increased with age. Results of the study showed a high prevalence of oral diseases in dogs and confirmed that periodontal disease is the most common oral disease in dogs.

scholarly journals Microbiota populations in supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, and saliva habitats of adult dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia M. Oba ◽  
Meredith Q. Carroll ◽  
Celeste Alexander ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Amy J. Somrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Supragingival Plaque

Abstract Background Oral diseases are common in dogs, with microbiota playing a prominent role in the disease process. Oral cavity habitats harbor unique microbiota populations that have relevance to health and disease. Despite their importance, the canine oral cavity microbial habitats have been poorly studied. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the oral microbiota of different habitats of dogs and (2) correlate oral health scores with bacterial taxa and identify what sites may be good options for understanding the role of microbiota in oral diseases. We used next-generation sequencing to characterize the salivary (SAL), subgingival (SUB), and supragingival (SUP) microbial habitats of 26 healthy adult female Beagle dogs (4.0 ± 1.2 year old) and identify taxa associated with periodontal disease indices. Results Bacterial species richness was highest for SAL, moderate for SUB, and lowest for SUP samples (p < 0.001). Unweighted and weighted principal coordinates plots showed clustering by habitat, with SAL and SUP samples being the most different from one another. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Spirochaetes were the predominant phyla in all habitats. Paludibacter, Filifactor, Peptostreptococcus, Fusibacter, Anaerovorax, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Desulfomicrobium, and TG5 were enriched in SUB samples, while Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Leucobacter, Euzebya, Capnocytophaga, Bergeyella, Lautropia, Lampropedia, Desulfobulbus, Enhydrobacter, and Moraxella were enriched in SUP samples. Prevotella, SHD-231, Helcococcus, Treponema, and Acholeplasma were enriched in SAL samples. p-75-a5, Arcobacter, and Pasteurella were diminished in SUB samples. Porphyromonas, Peptococcus, Parvimonas, and Campylobacter were diminished in SUP samples, while Tannerella, Proteocalla, Schwartzia, and Neisseria were diminished in SAL samples. Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher oral health scores (worsened health) in plaque samples. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the differences that exist among canine salivary, subgingival plaque and supragingival plaque habitats. Salivary samples do not require sedation and are easy to collect, but do not accurately represent the plaque populations that are most important to oral disease. Plaque Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher (worse) oral health scores. Future studies analyzing samples from progressive disease stages are needed to validate these results and understand the role of bacteria in periodontal disease development.

Trends in oral health

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blánaid Daly ◽  
Paul Batchelor ◽  
Elizabeth Treasure ◽  
Richard Watt
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

In the introduction to Chapter 1 it was stressed that in order to decide whether a disease is a public health problem it is important to be able to answer some key questions about it. Is the disease widespread? Is it on the increase? What individuals or groups appear to be susceptible? Do we know what causes it? Can it be prevented? What is the impact of the disease on the individual and society? The epidemiology of oral diseases can provide some detailed answers to these important questions. This chapter will present a brief overview of trends in oral diseases for children and adults in the UK. It will focus on periodontal disease, oral cancer, and dental caries, but there is also a brief section on dental trauma and erosion. Dentofacial anomalies, per se, are not diseases but will be included here, as their prevalence and incidence have implications for dental care because of the impact on social and psychological well-being. The impact on health will be presented. The problems of oral health inequality will be reviewed and the implications of trends in oral diseases for dental care in the UK will be discussed. There are many surveys describing the oral health of children and adults in the UK, with decennial national surveys of both groups since 1973. Scotland has not participated in the two most recent surveys, children in 2003 and adults in 2009. In these surveys all dental examiners are trained and calibrated, so that the diagnostic criteria are consistent and national trends can be identified. See Chapter 5 for a brief description of the importance of standardization of diagnostic criteria. In addition, the British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry (BASCD) undertakes surveys of the oral health of children within the districts of the UK; again, examiners are trained and calibrated and changes in trends in oral health across smaller areas can be monitored at shorter intervals than in the 10-yearly national surveys. Details of these surveys, including diagnostic criteria, can be found at http://www.bascd.org/oral-health-surveys. Current concepts in relation to periodontal disease have changed considerably in the last 20–30 years. The traditional ‘progressive’ disease model has been replaced by the ‘burst theory’. That is, periodontal diseases have short ‘bursts’ of activity followed by long periods of remission and healing (Goodson et al. 1982; Socransky et al . 1984).

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION LEVEL AND KNOWLEDGE OF DENTAL CARIES AND TOOTH BRUSHING SKILLS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTH DENPASAR DISTRICT 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
I Gede Surya Kencana
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Knowledge Level

Dental and oral health is a healthy condition of the hard and soft tissues of the teeth and related elements in the oral cavity that allow individuals to eat, talk and interact socially without dysfunction, esthetic disturbances, and discomfort due to disease, occlusion irregularities and tooth loss so able to live productively socially and economically. The main problems of dental and oral health that are most commonly found in the community are dental caries and periodontal disease. One of the causes of dental caries is the behavior when brushing teeth is wrong because it is done in the morning shower and evening shower and not after breakfast and before bed at night. The purpose of this study was to describe knowledge about dental caries and tooth brushing skills in pregnant women in South Denpasar sub- district in 2021. This study used 40 pregnant women as respondents. The results of this study indicated that the knowledge of pregnant women about dental caries was mostly in the sufficient category, namely 19 people (47.50%). The average knowledge about dental caries in pregnant women was 73.75 with sufficient category. The majority of pregnant women brushing skills in the category of needing guidance were 17 people (42.50%). The average tooth brushing skill among pregnant women was 59.25 with the category of needing guidance. The results of this research on brushing skills based on knowledge of dental caries were that seven pregnant women (36.84%) had the skills to brush their teeth in the category of need guidance with sufficient knowledge of caries category. The Conclusion There is a relationship between education level and knowledge about dental caries in pregnant women and there is a relationship between knowledge level and tooth brushing skills in pregnant women in South Denpasar District.

scholarly journals Prenatal dental care and periodontal health: a concise systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sthéffani Miguel Pereira ◽  
Giovanna Alves da Silva ◽  
Patrícia Garani Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Grade Classification ◽  
Review Model ◽  
Main Effects

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a chronic infection caused by a bacterium that stimulates the immunoinflammatory response, leading to inflammation of the gingival and tooth support tissue, resulting from the pathogenesis of the microorganism and the host's response. Studies have investigated the association between periodontal conditions and possible complications for pregnant women and newborns. Objective: Analyzed the main consequences of periodontal disease during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as changes involving newborns, in order to elucidate the importance of prenatal dental care. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic literature review model, according to the PRISMA rules. Clinical studies included case reports, retrospective, prospective and randomized trials. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 104 articles were found. A total of 48 articles were evaluated in full, and 20 were included and discussed in this study. The overall assessment did not result in significant risks that could compromise the science of the present study. According to the GRADE classification, the studies were of moderate quality. Gingivitis, periodontitis, and tooth loss were found to be associated with premature birth. Periodontal disease can increase the chance of negative neonatal and maternal outcomes, with fetal growth restriction, vulvovaginitis, and premature rupture of the membrane being the main effects. Conclusion: Oral health should be an important focus in the monitoring of pregnant women in all maternal and child health services, making it necessary to incorporate the diagnosis of maternal oral health and periodontal disease for the health of the mother and newborn.

Dental care and periodontal disease in Turkish diabetic patients

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Kucukyurt Kaya ◽  
Demet Sahin ◽  
Sezen Buyukozdemir Askin ◽  
Ayse Ilhan ◽  
Sevgi Erdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Oral Health Status and Oral Health Services Utilization of Myanmar Residents in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
The Status

The purpose of this study was to investigate oral health status and oral health care services utilization among Myanmar residents in Japan. A crosssectional epidemiological study was performed among 152 Myanmar residents aged 18 to 67 years in Tokyo, Japan. Clinical oral examinations and questionnaire surveys were conducted from June to July, 2017. Caries prevalence for all participants was 70.4% with mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) of 2.72±2.91. The prevalence of periodontal disease (Community Periodontal Index - CPI code 1) for all participants was 93.4%. A total of 67 participants (44.1%) had the experience of dental visits in Japan. Most participants (84.2%) had Japanese health insurance, and the participants with health insurance had a significantly higher number of filled teeth than those without (p=0.036). DMFT (p=0.020) and the prevalence of periodontal disease (p=0.049) were significantly lower in participants with health insurance than in those without. Further, self-perceived oral health was better in participants with health insurance than those without (p=0.001). The status of health insurance was indicated to influence on oral health status. In order to promote oral health and facilitate on owning health insurance to Myanmar residents in Japan, oral health education also should be provided to enhance their oral health knowledge.

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