scholarly journals Can Panel Data Methodologies Determine the Impact of Climate Change on Economic Growth?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Rosen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
The World ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Several major papers have been published over the last ten years claiming to have detected the impact of either annual variations in weather or climate change on the GDPs of most countries in the world using panel data-based statistical methodologies. These papers rely on various multivariate regression equations which include the annual average temperatures for most countries in the world as one or more of the independent variables, where the usual dependent variable is the change in annual GDP for each country from one year to the next year over 30-50 year time periods. Unfortunately, the quantitative estimates derived in these papers are misleading because the equations from which they are calculated are wrong. The major reason the resulting regression equations are wrong is because they do not include any of the appropriate and usual economic factors or variables which are likely to be able to explain changes in GDP/economic growth whether or not climate change has already impacted each country’s economy. These equations, in short, exhibit suffer from “omitted variable bias,” to use statistical terminology.

The Impact of ICT Investment on Establishment Productivity

2003 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zwick
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
Employee Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Establishment Panel Data

This paper finds substantial effects of ICT investments on productivity for a large and representative German establishment panel data set. In contrast to the bulk of the literature also establishments without ICT capital are included and lagged effects of ICT investments are analysed. In addition, a broad range of establishment and employee characteristics are taken account of in order to avoid omitted variable bias. It is shown that taking into account unobserved heterogeneity of the establishments and endogeneity of ICT investments increases the estimated lagged productivity impact of ICT investments.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate-Change-Related Disasters on Africa’s Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Conflicts: Can Humanitarian Aid and Food Assistance Offset the Damage?

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Go Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Food Assistance ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed the impact of climate-related natural disasters (droughts, floods, storms/rainstorms) on economic and social variables. As the Africa-specific empirical literature is limited, this study used panel data from 1961–2011 on Africa. The study used a panel data regression model analysis. The results showed that climate change-related natural disasters affected Africa’s economic growth, agriculture, and poverty and caused armed conflicts. Among the disasters, droughts are the main cause of negative impact, severely affecting crops such as maize and coffee and resulting in increased urban poverty and armed conflicts. In contrast, international aid has a positive effect but the impact is insignificant compared to the negative consequences of climate-related natural disasters. Cereal food assistance has a negative crowding-out effect on cereal production. International donors should review their interventions to support Africa’s adaptative capacity to disasters. Government efficiency has reduced the number of deaths, and this is an area that supports Africa’s adaptative efforts.

scholarly journals The Impact of Lagging-Region Status on District Poverty in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Rus’an Nasrudin
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
The Impact

Reducing subnational imbalances of development progress is unquestionable policy for heterogeneous Indonesia. This paper examines the impact of policy that assigns a lagging-region status namely status daerah tertinggal (DT) on poverty rate and poverty gap among districts in Indonesia in the two period of SBY presidency. The panel data fixed effect combined with propensity score matching is used to tackle the selection bias due to the nature of the policy, unobserved heterogeneity and omitted variable bias. The results show that the lagging-region status that was aimed to mainstream central and district’s budget toward lagging regions statistically significant reduces poverty rate and poverty gap in the period. The DT status, on average is associated with 0.75 percentage point of reduction in the poverty rate and 7% reduction in the poverty gap index. AbstrakMenurunkan ketimpangan antar-daerah adalah sebuah agenda kebijakan yang niscaya untuk Indonesia yang majemuk dalam kemajuan ekonomi. Artikel ini berusaha mengukur dampak dari sebuah kebijakan penetapan daerah tertinggal terhadap dua ukuran kemiskinan, yaitu tingkat kemiskinan dan kedalaman kemiskinan pada dua periode masa jabatan Presiden SBY. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah panel data fixed-effect dikombinasikan dengan propensity score matching untuk mengatasi permasalah endogen pada variabel utama yaitu bias dalam seleksi terhadap kebijakan, keragaman daerah yang tidak dapat diukur, dan potensi bias karena ketiadaan variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap dua ukuran kemiskinan. Hasil pendugaan regresi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penetapan daerah tertinggal yang ditujukan untuk mengarusutamakan dana pembangunan secara statistik signifikan dan menyebabkan penurunan tingkat kemiskinan dan kedalaman kemiskinan di masa tersebut. Daerah tertinggal secara rata-rata memiliki tingkat kemiskinan lebih rendah sebesar 0.75 (persentase) dan memiliki indeks kedalaman kemiskinan 7% lebih rendah.Kata kunci: Daerah Tertinggal; Kemiskinan; IndonesiaJEL classifications: I32, P48

The Impact of Climate-Change-Related Disasters on Africa’s Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Conflicts: Can Humanitarian Aid and Food Assistance Offset the Damage?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Food Assistance ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed the impact of climate-related natural disasters (droughts, floods, storms/rainstorms) on economic and social variables. As the Africa-specific empirical literature is limited, this study used panel data from 1961–2011 on Africa. The study used a panel data regression model analysis. The results showed that climate change-related natural disasters affected Africa’s economic growth, agriculture, and poverty and caused armed conflicts. Among the disasters, droughts are the main cause of negative impact, severely affecting crops such as maize and coffee and resulting in increased urban poverty and armed conflicts. In contrast, international aid has a positive effect but the impact is insignificant compared to the negative consequences of climate-related natural disasters. Cereal food assistance has a negative crowding-out effect on cereal production. International donors should review their interventions to support Africa’s adaptative capacity to disasters. Government efficiency has reduced the number of deaths, and this is an area that supports Africa’s adaptative efforts.

scholarly journals The Impact of Workers’ Remittances on Economic Growth: Panel Data Approach for Selected Country Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Burçak Polat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact

Recent decade has witnessed the growing importance of remittances as a source of foreign income for many developing countries. Thus, as the value of remittances around the world increases, many researchers attempt to analyze the remittances’ effects on economic performance. Yet, real effect of remittances on economic growth rate is still controversial issue in the literature. Therefore, main objective of this study is to analyze the linkage between economic growth rates and remittance inflows into eight largest recipient countries of the global remittances by employing panel data analysis for the period 1990-2015. Our findings reveal that there is no significant relationship between remittances and growth. Yet, the study has empirically proved that growth is positively associated with gross capital formations and GDP per capita while it is negatively related with inflation and openness index.

scholarly journals The impact of obesity and income on happiness: Evidence from EU countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Saadet Kasman ◽  
Adnan Kasman
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
The World ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

: The World Happiness Report 2018 ranks 156 countries by their happiness levels, and revealed a link between happiness and obesity. Despite the importance of this link, few studies have analyzed this relationship. Moreover, it may be the case that the relationship between happiness and obesity is non-linear. The relationship between happiness and income, however, has been studied by several researchers, particularly after the publication of Easterlin (1974). In his famous paradox, Easterlin found that after reaching a certain level, the further increase of material wealth no longer promotes happiness. Here, we investigate whether there is a quadratic relationship between happiness & obesity and happiness & income, for a panel of EU countries for the period 2005-2016, using the system GMM method. The empirical results suggest an inverse U-shaped relationship between happiness & obesity and happiness & income, implying that as obesity (income), represented by body mass index, increases, happiness first increases then stabilizes and finally decreases. Hence, the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between happiness and income supports the validity of the Kuznets curve hypothesis. Some control variables were also included in the regressions in order to solve omitted variable bias problems. The results indicate that income inequality and unemployment have a significantly negative impact on happiness.

scholarly journals The Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Emerging Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6(J)) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Beyene Fanta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Banking Crisis ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
The Impact

The finance growth literature ignores the role of bond markets in financing private investments. Moreover, the impact of bank crisis on the finance growth link has been largely overlooked. This paper aims at casting light at the finance growth link in emerging economies by accounting for bond markets and controlling for banking sector crises. Data on economic growth and financial development indicators for 15 emerging economies (drawn from Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Europe) were analysed using a system generalized-method-of-moments (GMM) technique. It is observed that while banking sector development is related to economic growth (albeit negatively), no statistically significant relation is observed between stock markets and or bonds markets and economic growth. Moreover, a banking crisis is found to affect the finance growth link in such a manner that the link weakens when a banking crisis is introduced to the model. Our results are robust to omitted variable bias, simultaneity problem, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation.

scholarly journals Convergence in Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from High Temperatures and Mortality, 1900–2004

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Barreca ◽  
Karen Clay ◽  
Olivier Deschênes ◽  
Michael Greenstone ◽  
Joseph S. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Us States ◽  
The World ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This paper combines panel data on monthly mortality rates of US states and daily temperature variables for over a century (1900-2004) to explore the regional evolution of the temperature-mortality relationship and documents two key findings. First, the impact of extreme heat on mortality is notably smaller in states that more frequently experience extreme heat. Second, the difference in the heat-mortality relationship between hot and cold states declined over 1900-2004, though it persisted through 2004. Continuing differences in the mortality consequences of hot days suggests that health motivated adaptation to climate change may be slow and costly around the world.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Climate Change Impact on Groundwater Recharge in Groundwater Regions in Taiwan

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153
Author(s):  
Shih-Jung Wang ◽  
Cheng-Haw Lee ◽  
Chen-Feng Yeh ◽  
Yong Fern Choo ◽  
Hung-Wei Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Assessment Results

Climate change can directly or indirectly influence groundwater resources. The mechanisms of this influence are complex and not easily quantified. Understanding the effect of climate change on groundwater systems can help governments adopt suitable strategies for water resources. The baseflow concept can be used to relate climate conditions to groundwater systems for assessing the climate change impact on groundwater resources. This study applies the stable baseflow concept to the estimation of the groundwater recharge in ten groundwater regions in Taiwan, under historical and climate scenario conditions. The recharge rates at the main river gauge stations in the groundwater regions were assessed using historical data. Regression equations between rainfall and groundwater recharge quantities were developed for the ten groundwater regions. The assessment results can be used for recharge evaluation in Taiwan. The climate change estimation results show that climate change would increase groundwater recharge by 32.6% or decrease it by 28.9% on average under the climate scenarios, with respect to the baseline quantity in Taiwan. The impact of climate change on groundwater systems may be positive. This study proposes a method for assessing the impact of climate change on groundwater systems. The assessment results provide important information for strategy development in groundwater resources management.

scholarly journals 13.D. Workshop: SDGs in the focus of environmental and health issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental And Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This workshop is dedicated on SDGs in the focus of environmental and health issues, as very important and actual topic. One of the characteristics of today's societies is the significant availability of modern technologies. Over 5 billion (about 67%) people have a cellphone today. More than 4.5 billion people worldwide use the Internet, close to 60% of the total population. At the same time, one third of the people in the world does not have access to safe drinking water and half of the population does not have access to safe sanitation. The WHO at UN warns of severe inequalities in access to water and hygiene. Air, essential to life, is a leading risk due to ubiquitous pollution and contributes to the global disease burden (7 million deaths per year). Air pollution is a consequence of traffic and industry, but also of demographic trends and other human activities. Food availability reflects global inequality, famine eradication being one of the SDGs. The WHO warns of the urgency. As technology progresses, social inequality grows, the gap widens, and the environment continues to suffer. Furthermore, the social environment in societies is “ruffled” and does not appear to be beneficial toward well-being. New inequalities are emerging in the availability of technology, climate change, education. The achievement reports on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also point out to the need of reviewing individual indicators. According to the Sustainable Development Agenda, one of the goals is to reduce inequalities, and environmental health is faced by several specific goals. The Global Burden of Disease is the most comprehensive effort to date to measure epidemiological levels and trends worldwide. It is the product of a global research collaborative and quantifies the impact of hundreds of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in countries around the world. This workshop will also discuss Urban Health as a Complex System in the light of SDGs. Climate Change, Public Health impacts and the role of the new digital technologies is also important topic which is contributing to SDG3, improving health, to SDG4, allowing to provide distance health education at relatively low cost and to SDG 13, by reducing the CO2 footprint. Community Engagement can both empower vulnerable populations (so reducing inequalities) and identify the prior environmental issues to be addressed. The aim was to search for public health programs using Community Engagement tools in healthy environment building towards achievement of SDGs. Key messages Health professionals are involved in the overall process of transformation necessary to achieve the SDGs. Health professionals should be proactive and contribute to the transformation leading to better health for the environment, and thus for the human population.

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