scholarly journals NEUTROPHILS AND RESPIRATORY TRACT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND COPD

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Gleb Borisovich Fedoseev ◽  
B I Trofimov ◽  
N N Rogacheva ◽  
T S Razumovskaya ◽  
G B Fedoseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Asthma Patients

The article concerns the role of respiratory tract bacterial infections in development of bronchial asthma and COPD. Analysis is based on current publications and results of clinical investigations. Ability of neutrophils to protect the respiratory system from bacterial agents is underlined. The results obtained during investigation of 132 bronchial asthma and 33 COPD patients showed that in allergic asthma patients high percentage of sputum neutrophils is associated with normal FEV1% and mild course of the disease. In COPD patients high percentage of sputum neutrophils is usually associated with low FEV1%. It is proposed, that in these patients functional activity of neutrophils is associated with predominant injury of respiratory structures.

The role of physical rehabilitation in the treatment of bronchial asthma patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Ostrovskyy ◽  
Kostiantyn Shvets ◽  
Kseniia Ostrovska ◽  
Iryna Savelikhina ◽  
Oleksandr Varunkiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Asthma Patients

scholarly journals Platelets, Not an Insignificant Player in Development of Allergic Asthma

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2038
Author(s):  
Liping Luo ◽  
Junyan Zhang ◽  
Jongdae Lee ◽  
Ailin Tao
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Allergic asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous pulmonary disease in which platelets can be activated in an IgE-mediated pathway and migrate to the airways via CCR3-dependent mechanism. Activated platelets secrete IL-33, Dkk-1, and 5-HT or overexpress CD40L on the cell surfaces to induce Type 2 immune response or interact with TSLP-stimulated myeloid DCs through the RANK-RANKL-dependent manner to tune the sensitization stage of allergic asthma. Additionally, platelets can mediate leukocyte infiltration into the lungs through P-selectin-mediated interaction with PSGL-1 and upregulate integrin expression in activated leukocytes. Platelets release myl9/12 protein to recruit CD4+CD69+ T cells to the inflammatory sites. Bronchoactive mediators, enzymes, and ROS released by platelets also contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. GM-CSF from platelets inhibits the eosinophil apoptosis, thus enhancing the chronic inflammatory response and tissue damage. Functional alterations in the mitochondria of platelets in allergic asthmatic lungs further confirm the role of platelets in the inflammation response. Given the extensive roles of platelets in allergic asthma, antiplatelet drugs have been tested in some allergic asthma patients. Therefore, elucidating the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma will provide us with new insights and lead to novel approaches in the treatment of this disease.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Asthma

Inflammation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
Min Yu ◽  
Yonghong Zhong ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Huaqiong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Extracellular Traps

Abstract Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The incidence of asthma has continued to increase every year. Bronchial asthma involves a variety of cells, including airway inflammatory cells, structural cells, and neutrophils, which have gained more attention because they secrete substances that play an important role in the occurrence and development of asthma. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are mesh-like structures composed of DNA, histones, and non-histone molecules that can be secreted from neutrophils. NETs can enrich anti-bacterial substances and limit pathogen migration, thus having a protective effect in case of inflammation. However, despite of their anti-inflammatory properties, NETs have been shown to trigger allergic asthma and worsen asthma progression. Here, we provide a systematic review of the roles of NETs in asthma.

scholarly journals EXTRAORAL SWEET TASTE RECEPTORS IN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
V N Mineev ◽  
P V Brukhanova ◽  
D E Koksharova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Taste Receptors ◽  
Sweet Taste Receptors

The possible pathogenetic role of extraoral sweet taste receptors Tas1R in respiratory system is considered. In many respects, the function of extraoral receptors for sweet taste still remains unclear. The mechanism of intracellular signal transduction at sweet taste reception is considered, as well as the molecular mechanism of interaction of Tas2R and Tas1R receptors, expressed on the same cell. Tas1R receptors in respiratory system can function as a “rheostat” to control the amount of secretion of antimicrobial peptides that is mediated by extraoral bitter taste receptors Tas2R, depending on the concentration of glucose on the surface of the airways. In diabetes mellitus, the liquid on the luminal surface of respiratory tract contains an increased concentration of glucose, which leads to overexpression of TAS1R2 / TAS1R3, inhibition of Tas2R signaling activity and to decrease in secretion of antimicrobial peptides. Clinically, the effect on glucose homeostasis in the lumen of the respiratory tract with comorbid respiratory pathology, including diabetes mellitus, is considered. A possible sequence of pathogenetic mechanisms in respiratory system, associated with extraoral sweet taste receptors is presented as a vicious circle. Research into the problem of role of the ectopic chemosensory network in clinical medicine will bring new knowledge on the predisposition to diseases, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of their development, and will serve as a scientific basis for developing new medicinal approaches.

scholarly journals GLUCOSAMINYLMURAMYL DIPEPTIDE IN THE THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH ATOPIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THE SYNDROME OF SECONDARY IMMUNE DEFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
O V Skorokhodkina ◽  
A V Luntsov
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Atopic Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Tract Infections

Background. Glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (likopid) is a selective NOD2 receptor agonist, its ability to activate phagocytes proves its use in infectious manifestations in asthma patients. Its influence on the adaptive immunity, was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of likopid in patients with atopic bronchial asthma and recurrent infections of the respiratory tract. Materials and methods. 44 patients with uncontrolled atopic bronchial asthma with recurrent respiratory tract infections were examined. Patients of group I received likopid 10 mg orally once a day during 10 days additionally to the complex therapy. Patients of group II received only complex therapy without likopid. The immune parameters, disease control parameters, frequency of exacerbations and spirography data in patients of two groups before the treatment and after 10 days, 1 and 3 months were assessed. Results. Both I and II group patients (91,6%) showed similar deviations of the immune status parameters in general, a depression of the functional activity of phagocytes was noted in 83,3% of cases. Patients of group I were characterized by the achievement of better asthma control in 1 month of treatment, while the frequency of asthma exacerbations required revision of therapy was lower in patients of group I than in patients of group II (8,3% and 45%, respectively, p

scholarly journals Changes in gut microbiota with bronchial asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Zolnikova ◽  
N. D. Potskhverashvili ◽  
A. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
G. S. Krasnov ◽  
Z. G. Guvatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Asthma Case

Aim.To study the intestinal microbiota changes in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Materials and methods.40 patients and 15 healthy individuals were included for the study. The microbiota study in feces samples was performed by sequencing the 16SpRNA gene. Results.It was noted an increasing of theProteobacteriaproportion in the patients with BA. The fractions ofBetaproteobacteriaиGammaproteobacteriawere increased in the patients with allergic BA and at the same time, only theGammaproteobacteriapart was increased in patients with non-allergic form of BA. It was found an increase inBacilliand a decrease in the proportion bacteria forming butyrate (Anaerostipes, Faecalibacterium) and acetate (Alistipes), which was corresponded to a decrease in the proportion of strict anaerobic symbionts and an increase in the proportion of opportunistic facultative anaerobes. The relative bacteria amount was reduced for theNegativicutes Erysipelotrichia, Bacteroidia classes, theErysipelotrichaceae,Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodospirillaceae, Bacillaceae familiesand for the kinds ofBarnesiella, Paraprevotella, Pyrolobus, Bifidobacterium, Pseudomonas, Coprobacter, Bacillusin the allergic asthma patients with syndrome of intensive bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) cases. In the non-allergic asthma case, the presence of SIBO was accompanied by the relative bacteria amount increasing of theBacteroidaceaeand theParaprevotellafamilies and theOdoribacter,Bacteroides, Butyricicoccus, Parasutterellagenera. The bacterial spectrum changes correlated with the main clinical and laboratory manifestations of BA in the patients. Conclusion.The results have indicated the differences in the intestinal microflora composition of healthy volunteers and patients with bronchial asthma in including the SIBO presence. It is necessary more detail study of the bacterial composition changes in the intestine for the bronchopulmonary pathology case.

scholarly journals No metabolites impact in allergic inflammation regulation and their contribution to remodelling bronchi mucous in bronchial asthma patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L M Ogorodova ◽  
O V Kozina ◽  
E A Gereng ◽  
L M Ogorodova ◽  
O V Kozina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Th2 Inflammation ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Inflammation Cytokines

Background. To study the role of NO metabolites in allergic inflammation regulation and remodelling in BA patients. Material and methods. Morphological and morphometrical methods of investigation of bronchi mucous of 39 BA patients were used, IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8, nitrite, 3-nitrotyrosine, nitrosoglutathion levels in bronchoalveolar washout were investigated, nitrite concentration in condensate of the exhaled air was measured. Results. The increased level of IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8 in bronchoalveolar washout is associated with persistent Th2-inflammation. The BA severity correlate with highest IL-8, TNF-a, INF-g, nitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine level but with nitrosoglutathion deficit and in general is associated with structured architectonics bronchi mucous abnormalities. Conclusion. The association of toxic NO metabolites, pro-inflammation cytokines levels, bronchi mucous path-omorphological abnormalities with clinical signs of BA confirms the role of toxic NO metabolites in development of Th2-inflammations.

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