scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK DAUN KERSEN(Muntingia calabura.L) DENGAN TEKNIK SELF NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS) UNTUK APLIKASI ANTIBAKTERI

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Septiana Indratmoko ◽  
Asep Nurrahman ◽  
Axl Aprizal Herawan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Peg 400

Kandungan flavonoid dan tanin pada daun kersen dapat  menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi nanoemulsi daun kersen (Mutingia calabura.L) terhadap karakteristik nanoemulsi menggunakan teknik Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) dan  pengaruhnya sebagai antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak etanol daun kersen diformulasi dengan surfaktan, kosurfaktan dan minyak terpilih. Kemudian nanoemulsi ekstrak daun kersen diuji ukuran partikel, potensial zeta, drug loading dan stabilitas nanoemulsi. Nanoemulsi ekstrak etanol daun kersen dapat dihasilkan dengan formula Tween 80, PEG 400 dan VCO perbandingan 6:1:1. Ukuran partikel nanoemulsi 12,4 nm, potensial zeta 30,8 mV, drug loading yaitu 125 mg/ml dan stabil. Nanoemulsi ekstrak daun kersen dapat memberikan aktivitas antibakteri lebih baik daripada ekstrak daun kersen.

Pengembangan Dan Optimasi Formula Self Mikroemulsi Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) Kurkumin Untuk Meningkatkan Bioavaibilitas

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Ilham Kuncahyo ◽  
Pudiastuti RSP
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Anti Hiv

Kurkumin terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai anti-tumor, anti-inflamasi, anti-virus, anti-oksidasi dan anti HIV. Penggunaan kurkumin dalam proses pengobatan jangka panjang memberikan toksisitas yang rendah sehingga secara klinis akan sangat menguntungkan untuk dikembangkan. Kandungan aktif kurkumin yang berasal dari ekstrak tanaman curcuma longa ini mempunyai bioavaiblitas yang sangat rendah. Hal ini berkaitan karena kelarutan kurkumin yang jelek dalam air (11 ng/ml, pH 5,0) sehingga sedikit diserap di saluran pencernaan. Permasalahan ini dapat diatasi dengan membuat sediaan kurkumin dalam bentuk Self Mikroemulsi Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) Penelitian awal dilakukan skrining terhadap kelarutan kurkumin dengan pembawa berbagai jenis minyak, surfaktan dan kosurfaktan. Hasil skrining dilanjutkan dengan pemilihan formula optimum SMEDDS kurkumin dengan menggunakan metode Simpelx Lattice Design (SLD). Tiga variabel akan memberikan 14 formula SMEDDS kurkumin yang masing-masing formula dilakukan pengujian terhadap karakteristiknya sebagai titik kritis meliputi : % transmitan, waktu emulsifikasi dan drug loading. Hasil masing-masing pengujian dianalisis datanya dengan Design Exspert versi 7 dan dilanjutnya validasi formula optimum dengan uji T dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skrining awal terhadap kurkumin didapatkan kelarutan yang terbesar pada jenis minyak zaitun, surfaktan Tween 80 dan kosurfaktan PEG 400. Ketiga jenis bahan ini dilakukan optimasi dengan SLD memberikan formula optimum komposisi SMEDDS kurkumin dengan komposisi 0,026 minyak zaitun ; 0,0913 Tween 80 dan 0,061 PEG 400.

scholarly journals Validasi Penetapan Kadar Isolat Andrografolid dari Tanaman Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Menggunakan HPLC

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandi Syukri ◽  
Agung Endro Nugroho ◽  
Ronny Martien ◽  
Endang Lukitaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Peg 400

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan analisis kuantitatif untuk penentuan kadar isolat andrographolide dari tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) dan pelarut yang berbeda untuk studi awal untuk pembuatan Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) menggunakan KCKT. Pemisahan menggunakan kolom Sunfire C18 dengan campuran isokratik metanol dan air dengan perbandingan 6: 4, v / v sebagai fase gerak. Metode untuk menentukan isolat andrographolide menunjukkan presisi yang memadai, dengan RSD lebih kecil dari 1%. Akurasi dianalisis dengan menambahkan andrografolid standar, dan didapatkan nilai perolehan kembali yang baik untuk semua konsentrasi yang digunakan. Metode HPLC yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan spesifisitas dan selektivitas dengan linearitas dalam rentang kerja dan presisi dan akurasi yang baik, sehingga sangat cocok untuk menentukan kandungan isolat andrografolida. Dibandingkan dengan standar, kemurnian isolat andrografolida adalah 95,74 ± 0,29%. Penelitian awal untuk menentukan kelarutan tertinggi isolat andrographolid adalah dalam fasa minyak Capryol-90 1,226 ± 0,009 mg mL-1, surfaktan tween 80 2,965 ± 0.014 mg mL-1 dan co-surfaktan PEG 400 6,074 ± 0,101 mg mL-1. Dapat disimpulkan, metode ini cocok digunakan untuk penentuan kelarutan dari isolat andrographolide untuk pembuatan SNEDDS.

scholarly journals Formulasi Self-Nanoemulsifiying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Asam Mefenamat menggunakan VCO dengan Kombinasi Surfaktan Tween dan Span

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Muhamad Handoyo Sahumena ◽  
Suryani Suryani ◽  
Neni Rahmadani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Optimum Formula

Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. Mefenamic acid works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis as an inflammatory mediator. Mefenamic acid has low drug solubility and a long process of dissolution in the body which greatly affects the speed of absorption and bioavailability of the drug. In this study, mefenamic acid nanoemulsion formulation was carried out through a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) delivery system. SNEDDS is a drug delivery method through isotropic oil extraction, surfactants, cosurfactans and drug that form oil in water (m/a) emulsions which when in contact with the water phase in the digestive tract wiil from a nanoemulsion that occurs spontaneously so that the drug dissolves with a particle size small so as to increase the effective surface area for absorption. The purpose of the study was to determine the ratio of surfactant and cosurfactant composition to the optimum formula of SNEDDS of mefenamic acid with VCO as an oil phase. The SNEDDS formula was obtained by mixing the surfactants tween 80 and span 80, cosurfactant PEG 400 and VCO as the oil phase using the characterization of determining the optimum formula, namely emulsion formation, transmittance and emulsification time. The composition of the optimum formula of SNEDDS of mefenamic acid is 1 mL VCO; 1 mL PEG 400; 6 mL tween 80; 1 mL span 80. Optimum formula showed clear emulsion results, with transmittance values of 89,04% and emulsification time under 1 minute. In this study produced the optimum formula SNEDDS the met the criteria based on droplet size parameters of 153,5 nm, potential zeta value of 8,2 mV and showed good stability.

scholarly journals Penggunaan D-Optimal Mixture Design untuk Optimasi dan Formulasi Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Asam Mefenamat

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Yandi Syukri ◽  
Bambang Hernawan Nugroho ◽  
Istanti Istanti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Peg 400

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi formulasi asam mefenamat yang sukar larut dalam air dalam bentuk sediaan Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) menggunakan D-optimal mixture design. Skrining awal dilakukan untuk menentukan fase minyak, surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan yang akan digunakan untuk pembuatan diagram fase terner. D-optimal mixture design digunakan untuk mengoptimasi SNEDDS asam mefenamat dengan memilih komposisi SNEDDS sebagai faktor independent dan karakterisasi SNEDDS sebagai respons. Karakterisasi SNEDDS pada formula optimal meliputi transmitan, ukuran partikel, polidispersity index (PDI) dan zeta potensial. Asam oleat, Tween 80, dan polietilenglikol (PEG) 400 merupakan fase minyak, surfaktan, dan ko-surfaktan yang terpilih karena memiliki kemampuan paling tinggi dalam melarutkan asam mefenamat. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa formula optimal diperoleh pada komposisi 10% asam oleat, 80% Tween 80 dan 10% PEG 400. SNEDDS asam mefenamat tersebut menghasilkan nanoemulsi dengan transmitan 88,5%, ukuran partikel 190,03 ± 1,18 nm, PDI 0,469 ± 0,03, dan zeta potensial -44,1 ± 1,69 mV. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa D-optimal mixture design dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimasi dan formulasi SNEDDS asam mefenamat yang sukar larut dalam air.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI FORMULA SELF NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS) EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI (Stapylococcus aureus) DENGAN METODE SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Septiana Indratmoko Indratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice

Ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona Muricata) memilki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri diantaranya yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan saponin. Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun sirsak diformulasikan dalam sediaan SNEDDS untuk meningkatkan kelarutan sehingga tercapai efek terapi yang maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula optimum SNEDDS ekstrak daun sirsak berserta uji sifat fisik dan efektivitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penggunaan nanoemulsi dioptimalkan dengan menggunakan Simplex Lattice Design sehingga didapatkan perbandingan formulasi terbaik (tween 80) 6 : (PEG 400) 1 : (Minyak terpilih) 1 dengan nilai desirability 0,987 dengan drug loading ekstrak sebesar 25 mg/mL. Parameter uji sifat fisik SNEDDS diperoleh pengamatan stabilitas sediaan stabil, nilai transmitan 97,7%, emulsification time 3 menit dan pH sebesar 6. Uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan SNEDDS ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki daya hambat lebih besar daripada ekstrak daun sirsak murni. Hasi uji efektivitas antibakteri dianalisis dengan paired sample t-test memiliki signifikasi < 0,05 sehingga ada perbedaan antar kelompok.

An Overview of Second Generation Nanoparticles− Nanostructure Lipid Carrier Drug Delivery System

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 5181-5189
Author(s):  
Prabhat Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Neha S.L ◽  
Arzoo Pannu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Random Structure ◽  
Stability Parameters

Lipids are used as vehicles for the preparation of various formulations prescribed for administrations, including emulsions, ointments, suspension, tablets, and suppositories. The first parental nano-emulsion was discovered from the 1950s when it was added to the intravenous administration of lipid and lipid-soluble substances. Lipid-based drug delivery systems are important nowadays. Solid nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are very proficient due to the ease of production process, scale-up capability, bio-compatibility, the biodegradability of formulation components and other specific features of the proposed route. The administration or nature of the materials must be loaded into these delivery systems. The main objectives of this review are to discuss an overview of second-generation nanoparticles, their limitations, structures, and route of administration, with emphasis on the effectiveness of such formulations. NLC is the second generation of lipid nanoparticles having a structure like nanoemulsion. The first generation of nanoparticles was SLN. The difference between both of them is at its core. Both of them are a colloidal carrier in submicron size in the range of 40-1000 nm. NLC is the most promising novel drug delivery system over the SLN due to solving the problem of drug loading and drug crystallinity. Solid and liquid lipids combination in NLC formation, improve its quality as compare to SLN. NLC has three types of structures: random, amorphous, and multiple. The random structure containing solid-liquid lipids and consisting crystal and the liquid lipid irregular in shape; thereby enhance the ability of the lipid layer to pass through the membrane. The second is the amorphous structure. It is less crystalline in nature and can prevent the leakage of the loaded drug. The third type is multiple structures, which have higher liquid lipid concentrations than other types. The excipients used to form the NLC are bio-compatible, biodegradable and non-irritating, most of which can be detected using GRAS. NLC is a promising delivery system to deliver the drug through pulmonary, ocular, CNS, and oral route of administration. Various methods of preparation and composition of NLC influence its stability Parameters. In recent years at the educational level, the potential of NLC as a delivery mechanism targeting various organs has been investigated in detail.

A Review on Formulation and Development of Solid Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 5519-5228
Author(s):  
Sunitha M Reddy ◽  
Sravani Baskarla
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Particle Size Reduction

This article describes current strategies to enhance aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of poor soluble drugs. Most drugs in the market are lipophilic with low or poor water solubility. There are various methods to enhance solubility: co-solvency, particle size reduction, salt formation and Self Nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems, SEDDS is a novel approach to enhance solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of drugs. The study involves formulation and evaluation of solid self-Nano emulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) to enhance aqueous solubility and dissolution rate. Oral route is the most convenient route for non-invasive administration. S-SNEDDS has more advantages when compared to the liquid self-emulsifying drug delivery system. Excipients were selected depends upon the drug compatibility oils, surfactants and co surfactants were selected to formulate Liquid SNEDDS these formulated liquid self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system converted into solid by the help of porous carriers, Melted binder or with the help of drying process. Conversion process of liquid to solid involves various techniques; they are spray drying; freeze drying and fluid bed coating technique; extrusion, melting granulation technique. Liquid SNEDDS has a high ability to improve dissolution and solubility of drugs but it also has disadvantages like incompatibility, decreased drug loading, shorter shelf life, ease of manufacturing and ability to deliver peptides that are prone to enzymatic hydrolysis.  

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FORMULATION SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ROMANG PARANG LEAVES (BOEHMERIA VIRGATA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
MAGFIRAH ◽  
INDAH KURNIA UTAMI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Lattice Design

Objective: Parang romang (Boehmeria virgata) is one of the traditional medicines that are used empirically by Makassar tribal healers, South Sulawesi, as an antitumor drug. This traditional medicine contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. However, secondary metabolites of those leaves extract have low solubility in water. Hence, to be formula, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) is one of the solutions to increase the extract solubility. Methods: The optimization of two formula optimum SNEDDS parang romang leaves (T80PGMZ and T20PGMZ) was using the simple lattice design (SLD) method which will give 28 SNEDDS formula parang romang leaves each of which the formula is tested for its characteristics as a critical point include emulsification time, % transmittance, drug loading, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and morphology particle. Results: The results of SNEDDS characterization obtained the optimum formula T80PGMZ with emulsification time 12.6 s, % transmittance 92.21%, drug loading 68.21 ppm, particle size 370.26 nm, zeta potential −31.4 mV, polydispersity index of 0.615, and regular particle morphology with spherical chunks at a magnification of 10,000 times with a particle size of 10 μm. Conclusion: SNEDDS of parang romang leaves extracts that used olive oil as oil phase, Tween 80 as a surfactant, and propylene glycol as the cosurfactant provided nanoemulsion with good characteristics.

A Smart Drug Delivery System Based on Thermo-Responsive Polymer Gated Au NRs@SiO2 Nano-Platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036
Author(s):  
Hongzhu Wang ◽  
Mengxun Chen ◽  
Liping Song ◽  
Youju Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Temperature Sensitive

A key challenge for nanoparticles-based drug delivery system is to achieve manageable drug release in tumour cell. In this study, a versatile system combining photothermal therapy and controllable drug release for tumour cells using temperature-sensitive block copolymer coupled Au NRs@SiO2 is reported. While the Au NRs serve as hyperthermal agent and the mesoporous silica was used to improve the drug loading and decrease biotoxicity. The block copolymer acted as “gatekeeper” to regulate the release of model drug (Doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOX). Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we achieved the truly controllable drug release and photothermal therapy with the collaborative effect of the three constituents of the nanocomposites. The reported nanocomposites pave the way to high-performance controllable drug release and photothermal therapy system.

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