Industrial policy as a driver of economic growth: experience of European Union member states for Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Iryna Pasinovych ◽  
Olha Sych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Member States

The article analyzes the experience of reforming of industrial policy of the EU member states on the way to sustainable economic development. Based on the conducted analysis the priority areas of high added value in Ukraine are outlined: transport, aerospace, energy engineering, production of equipment for alternative energy, including new materials and energy storage devices; production of weapons, military and special equipment; information and communication technologies. The development of the diversified and high-tech industries, especially the processing industry, is the key to ensuring the economic growth in Ukraine. The de-industrialization in Ukraine in recent years has been slowing down the movement towards the stable and sustained growth. To estimate trends in the structure of Ukraine’s GDP and their impact on economic growth, the taxonomic indicator of development level has been calculated. The units of the statistical aggregate (data from Germany, Poland and Ukraine) were mapped. The relative position of the state was determined as the distance from the statistical aggregate unit to the selected reference base (reference point). The smaller the value of the taxonomic indicator of development is, the closer the country is to the standard. The indicators of GDP, GDP growth rate and the share of industrial production belong to stimulants; the level of inflation and the share of agriculture in GDP - to disincentives. The corresponding calculations permit to draw the following conclusions: - Poland was the closest to the standard in 2000 (index 0.650), although Ukraine demonstrated at that time the highest growth rates and the biggest share of industry in GDP; - in 2017 the gap was increasing - Ukraine was inferior to both countries (with indicators 0.325 and 0.336), due to lower rates of economic growth and a decrease in the share of industrial production against the backdrop of inflationary phenomena. Ukraine should take into account that no country focused on agricultural development has succeeded in economic development. Progressive foreign experience can highlight the criterion of positive changes - an increase in the proportion of technologically complex productions with high added value in the structure of reproduction.

scholarly journals The EU cohesion policy and economic development of Poland

Equilibrium ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dorożyński
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

In order to remove regional economic disparities, the EU realizes the cohesion policy. The evaluation of the cohesion policy from the point of view of experiences of individual member states and the EU is not explicit. What is especially controversial here, are unsuccessful attempts to reach the main goal, which is social, economic and territorial cohesion. It does not mean the negation of outcomes of numerous researches which confirm a positive influence of the cohesion policy on the economic growth. The subject for a discussion is the right balance between the equality and effectiveness. The key issue is an answer to the question who and how to support. The question is whether the aid should be directed at the areas which guarantee the highest added value? Should it be the priority to give equal opportunity to the poorest and to support them? At present the cohesion policy is trying to combine both those goals. However, with the limited measures and rising social, economic and territorial disparities, those actions are ineffective. The pace of economic growth in Poland in the recent years – bigger than the average in the EU – has contributed to the making up for part of a development distance towards the rest of the member states. The cohesion policy had some participation in this process. The evaluation of the influence of the cohesion policy is not easy, though. One has to, however, separate its influence from other factors affecting the social-economic situation of the regions. The main aim of the article is an evaluation of the role of the EU cohesion policy in the stimulation of social-economic development of Poland, in particular its impact on the economy of the regions. The research method is an analysis of the literature of the subject. The bases of the conducted research were: statistical data, program documents, reports, national and EU law, quantitative and qualitative research and secondary sources presented in various studies.

Determinants of socio-economic transformations of technological systems: theoretical and methodical aspects

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Svitlana Shults ◽  
Olena Lutskiv
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Member States ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Technological Paradigm ◽  
Technological Paradigms ◽  
The Eu

Technological development of society is of unequal cyclic nature and is characterized by changing periods of economic growth, stagnation phases, and technological crises. The new wave of technological changes and new technological basis corresponding to the technological paradigm boost the role of innovations and displace the traditional factors of economic growth. Currently, intellectual and scientific-technical capacity are the main economic development resources. The use of innovation and new knowledge change the technological structure of the economy, increase the elements of the innovative economy, knowledge economy, and digital economy, i.e. the new technological paradigm is formed. The paper aims to research the basic determinants of technological paradigms’ forming and development, and determining their key features, as well as to analyze social transformations of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The paper focuses attention on the research of the features of social transformations. The structural transformations are analyzed based on the Bertelsmann Transformation Index that estimates the quality of democracy, market economy, and political governance. The transformation processes are assessed on the example of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The authors argue that social transformations and structural changes in the economy are related to the change of technological paradigms that boost the economic modernization and gradual progressive development of humanity in general. The nature and main determinants of 5 industrial and 2 post-industrial technological paradigms are outlined. Their general features and main areas of basic technologies implementation emerging in the realization of a certain technological paradigm are explained. The conclusions regarding the fact that innovative technologies and available scientific-technological resources define the main vector of economic development are made. The new emerging technological paradigm is of strategic importance for society development.

scholarly journals SMART GROWTH PROGRESS IN EUROPEAN UNION: A COHESION APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Viktor Kozlovskij
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Growth Indicators ◽  
The Eu

Economic development and socioeconomic cohesion have always been an object of scientific research. In particular, this issue had become a focus of attention after EU enlargement in 2004 and Great Recession in 2007–2009. The above changes have given way to a certain slowdown in economic growth in most EU countries along with triggering a range of divergence processes between EU countries and regions. As a response to situation, the EU offered a Europe 2020 strategy, in which smart growth was mentioned as one of critical instruments to deal with increasing menaces. The objective of the study is to evaluate the progress of the main smart growth indicators (investment in research and development (R&D), employment rate and share of population obtaining tertiary education) in the EU over the period 2001–2017 within the framework of the economic cohesion concept. The paper seeks to explore the EU from different perspectives. First, the EU new member states (EU-10) and the old ones (EU-14) were compared. Second, the EU countries were divided by economic development level (calculated by GDP per capita in PPP): highly developed (H-7), medium developed (M-7) and less developed (L-7) countries. Finally, aggregate cohesion indices of all three smart growth indicators were calculated for the entire EU (EU-28). The research findings have revealed some interesting trends. First, each smart growth indicator’s progress depends on countries’ economic development level. Aggregate values for more developed countries (EU-14, H-7 and G-3) are always higher than the EU average (EU-28) and aggregate values for less developed economies are basically lower. Second, cohesion progress of smart growth indicators was influenced by economic recession in 2007–2009. It is argued that cohesion is evident in times of economic growth, but its progress ceases or divergence might occur in case of economic hazards. However, despite the expanding cohesion between the new and the old member states, a gap between certain groups of countries is even growing. This is clearly evident when the EU member states are divided into groups subject to the level of their economic development.

scholarly journals TRENDS IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROCESSES OF CONSUMPTION OF PLATINUM GROUP METALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
SERGEY ALEXSANDROVICH MYASOEDOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
High Tech ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Platinum Group

The paper substantiates and groups the main directions of consumption in the world of platinum group metals; identifies and summarizes the main instruments of state industrial policy in the field of subsoil use. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the Russian Federation does not fully use the tools to protect national interests in the system of extraction and processing of platinum group metals. The main guideline of state policy should be the creation of vertically integrated organizations in this area and the formation of high-tech facilities and industries that ensure the full consumption of extracted platinoids by the industry of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID -19 on MSMEs in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar N
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Liquidity Measures ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The Micro Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs) have been accepted as the engine of economic growth and play an important role in the equitable economic development of country.The MSMEs constitute over 90% of total enterprises in most of the economies and are credited with generating the highest rates of employment growth and account for a major share of industrial production and exports.Coronavirus outbreak is eroding the already battered Indian economy in more ways than one.MSMEs, which is a crucial pillar of emerging economy like India’s are not able to do business as usual.The main objective of the study is to measure the major liquidity measures announced by the Central Government in this pandemic situation and to identify the rise of MSMEs in India and the initiatives by the banks. The study is based on the secondary data.

MODERNIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Svitlana LUTKOVSKA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article describes in detail the essence of the ecological modernization concept, modernization conceptual provisions of the ecological safety system of sustainable development and system structure of the ecological modernization. The basic stages of theory development of the ecological modernization are considered. It has been established that eco-modernization determines the transition from a pre-green society through complex, long-lasting reforms to a green one. It envisages improvement of economic, political and social mechanisms of social development, assimilation of advanced industrial and information technologies for a certain historical period, economic forms, accompanying social and political institutions. Environmental modernization should become a nationwide strategy, making it possible to mobilize and concentrate the country’s existing resources to meet the challenges. The transition to a sustainable development model requires a harmonious combination of socio-economic growth and environmental security. An important role in this process is played by the application harmonization of technical, technological and organizational-economic innovations in the resource and environmental sphere. The introduction of innovative scientific and technological solutions, the development of high-tech industries will help increase the economy competitiveness and align its interests with the environmental and social spheres. In order to develop a mechanism for managing the ecological modernization of socio-economic development, it is necessary to establish its key tasks: the modernization type formation of environmentally-oriented activity of society; the ecological safety guarantee of innovative updating of enterprise production; the management actions coordination in the regional development system on the basis of updating the interests balance between business, government and society; enhanced reproduction of natural resources and factors based on updated technologies. Today, environmental modernization in Ukraine cannot be achieved on a large scale because of its focus on economic growth policy rather than sustainable development. The priority tasks of modernization of socio-economic development with the management purpose of ecological modernization are defined. The technological platforms of ecological development, their purpose, tasks and main directions of realization are analyzed. Keywords: environmental modernization, theory of environmental modernization, sustainable development, environmental technologies.

Catching-Up Strategy: New Member States of the European Union in the European Internal Market for High-Tech and Environmental Products in the Context of the Renewed Lisbon Strategy

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1850146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Maria Wysokinska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States

The Central and Eastern European countries implemented an economic policy fundamentally reorienting their foreign trade in the nineteen–nineties. This involved a shift in direction from the East (the former Soviet Union and its satellite countries) to the West (primarily the European Union). The economic transformation of those countries as well as integration with the European Union was established and nearly complete in the wake of accession in the year 2004. However, transition periods facilitating the completion of integration processes were established for certain sectors, including adaptation to environmental rules and standards, for example. The aim of this paper is to present certain findings of an international comparison among the "new" European Union member states related to: certain final economic results of the transformation with respect to achievements related to the various states of economic development (verification of the M. Porter and T. Ozawa model), and the ability to adopt selected requirements of the Renewed European Union Strategies after the year 2005, with special reference to the Renewed Sustainable Development Strategy and the Strategy: Global Europe-Competing in the World. Verification of the Ozawa and Porter Model is positive for all Central and Eastern European new members of the European Union. Transformation and integration processes supported these countries on their way to economic development. These positive results on their development path are presented in the paper in detail.

Индустријализација и раст бруто друштвеног производа // The Industrialization and Growth of Gross Domestic Product

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Брано Маркић ◽  
Сања Бијакшић ◽  
Арнела Беванда
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Резиме: Рад је истраживање и емпиријска верификација закона Ницхолас Калдора о утицају индустријске производње на раст бруто друштвеног производа. Калдор је формулисао принципе економског раста у облику три закона који настоје утврдити кључне узроке економског раста. Први његов закон тврди да је стопа раста привреде позитивно корелирана са стопом раста њезина производног сектора. Индустрија као најважнија снага развоја привреде се поодавно анализира у литератури о привредном развоју: Hirschman (1961), Rosenstein-Rodan (1943), Th irnjall (2013), Cornnjall (1977). Циљ рада је емпиријски провјерити Калдоров приступ расту и развоју у Федерацији Босне и Херцеговине. Стога је обликован посебан скуп података кога чине дводимензионалне табеле и временске серије. Регресијском анализом је квантификована повезаност између стопа раста бруто друштвеног производа и стопе раста индустријске производње.Summary: The paper the industrialization and the growth of gross domestic product is a research and empirical verification of Nicholas Kaldor laws on the impact of industrial production to GDP growth. Kaldor has formulated the principles of economic growth in the form of three laws that tend to identify key causes of economic growth. His first law asserts that the rate of economic growth is positively correlated with the rate of growth of its manufacturing sector. Industry as the most important force of economic development is widely analyzed in the literature on economic development (Hirschman (1961), Rosenstein-Rodan (1943), Thirwall (2013), Cornwall (1977)). The aim is to empirically test the Kaldor’s approach to growth and development in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is therefore designed a special data set consisting of two-dimensional tables and time series. Using regression analysis was quantified the relationship between the growth rate of gross domestic product and the growth of industrial production. 

scholarly journals Review of The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860 by Calvin Schermerhorn and The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism by Edward E. Baptist

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-643
Author(s):  
Stanley L. Engerman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Us South ◽  
American Capitalism ◽  
Financial Arrangements

The two books being reviewed are concerned with the importance of slavery in the antebellum US South for the economic development of the Northern states. One (Schermerhorn) deals primarily with Southern financial arrangements facilitating the sales of slaves and cotton. The other (Baptist) presents a broader picture of masters' treatment of slaves, as well as how the incomes of slaveowners spurred the demand for Northern industrial production. The review argues that both books overstate the importance of slavery and cotton production for US economic growth. (JEL J15, N11, N31, N51, P16)

scholarly journals INCREASING THE ROLE OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Pankratova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World

The article discusses the current problem related to the innovative development of our country’s economy under the influence of globalization. The transition to a higher level of economic development will increase the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy as a factor of economic growth in the context of globalization. Sustainable economic growth of any state requires favorable conditions for business development and active intervention of innovative factors in economic life, which involves an increase in competitive advantages over other countries of the world. Therefore, the problem of competitiveness of Ukraine's economy is extremely relevant in the context of globalization. Key approaches to assessing the competitiveness of the national economy in the current environment are also being considered. A system of indicators of competitiveness of the national economy is being formed, as well as the factors influencing it. The article defines the essence of the concept of competitiveness of the national economy as a factor of economic growth in the context of the integration of the world economic space and the formation of a global market. Among the main methods that were used in the process of analytical research, the following should be highlighted: analysis and comparison – to determine the concept of competitiveness and the factors affecting it. Methods – for processing statistical data when assessing the analysis of factors affecting competitiveness; strategic analysis – identifying Ukraine's place in the world ranking. To strengthen and increase the competitiveness of the national economy in the context of globalization, further modernization and diversification of industry is required by transferring it to a qualitatively new level, aimed at the advanced development of high-tech processing industries, primarily in the production of finished products (production of dietary supplements and organic food) with high added value based on deep processing of raw materials; continuation of the policy of stimulating the localization of production and import substitution, primarily of consumer goods and components, expansion of inter-industry industrial cooperation; liberalization and simplification of export activities, diversification of the structure and geography of exports, expansion and mobilization of the export potential of economic sectors.

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