scholarly journals Determinants of Capital Formation of Smallholder Farmers in Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dastan Aseinov ◽  
Burulcha Sulaimanova ◽  
Kamalbek Karymshakov
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Physical Assets

Capital formation is crucial to increase output volume and quality in agricultural production activity of households. This study examines factors affecting capital formation of smallholder farmers in Kyrgyzstan ranging from household characteristics to location of farmers. Along with other traditional potential constraints that may have impact on capital formation, we examine the role of social network activities. These expenditures on customs and traditions may have both negative and positive effects on the capital formation in agriculture. Our empirical analysis is based on the cross-sectional household survey data for 2013. According to our findings, the amount of physical assets of households in Kyrgyzstan mainly depends on the share of expenses on customs and traditions, the total income, gender differences and the ethnicity of the head of household.

scholarly journals Access to bank credit by smallholder farmers in Tanzania: a case study

Afrika Focus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsubili Isaga
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
And Gender

Tanzania like many other developing countries is highly dependent on agriculture for income generation and job creation for its citizens. Because the sector is mainly composed of smallholder farmers, lack of finance remains the leading obstacle to development. This study seeks to determine factors that affect access to bank credit by smallholder farmers in the Mvomero District of Morogoro, Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional design, with data being collected via the survey method. Purposeful sampling was used to obtain the respondents who fitted into the study objective. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model. The Logit regression model in particular was employed to determine factors that affect smallholder farmers’ access to bank services. The study reveals that the value of assets invested in farming activities, education and gender are significant factors affecting smallholder farmers’ access to bank credit. Policy recommendations include the establishment of a government bank that would exclusively provide financial services to agriculturalists by establishing a credit guarantee scheme, and the development of new financial products by the banks that would cater to the needs of smallholder farmers. Key words: access, bank credit, smallholder farmers, logit regression

scholarly journals Evaluating farmers’ perception toward the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in Ghana and Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Novas Somanje ◽  
Geetha Mohan ◽  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Access To Credit

Abstract Background In this study, we present the current situation and the role of agricultural extension services for farmers and indicates the potential solutions for the optimum effectiveness of these services. Thus, we investigate the vital determinants influencing the farmers’ attitudes toward using agricultural extension services in Ghana and Zambia. Methods In this study, we used a mixed-method research analysis of data from a household survey of 240 farmers and 8 key informant interviews in the Upper West Region of Ghana and the Southern Province of Zambia. Results The significant factors affecting the association of agricultural extension officers with farmers are regular meetings, demand for services and productivity, and the adoption rate of technology. Notably, approaches based on information communication technology indicators include owning cell phones; further, having radio access significantly affects agricultural practices. However, the role of gender, access to credit, and owning a television would influence food safety and nutrition. Conclusions Understanding the critical determinants will provide potential solutions to national agricultural research institutes, private research entities, and policymakers to scale-up the effectiveness of agricultural extension services, particularly in Ghana and Zambia.

scholarly journals Adoption and the Role of Fertilizer Trees and Shrubs as a Climate Smart Agriculture Practice: The Case of Salima District in Malawi

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Frank Musa ◽  
Judith Kamoto ◽  
Charles Jumbe ◽  
Leo Zulu
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Degraded Soil ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Fertilizer trees and shrubs can improve degraded soil and avert the impacts of climate change on smallholder farmers in Malawi. This paper analyses the roles of fertilizer trees and shrubs and factors that determine adoption, as well as the intensity of use of fertilizer on trees and shrubs in maize-based farming systems using the Tobit model. A household survey involving 250 smallholder farmers was conducted in Salima district, Malawi. The analysis shows that adopters of fertilizer trees and shrubs considered fertility improvement, shade, source of food and erosion control as main roles of fertilizer trees and shrubs. The Tobit model shows that households with relatively more land are more likely to adopt fertilizer trees and shrubs than those with small land sizes. Adoption is higher among farmers who had been exposed to fertilizer trees and shrubs for longer periods than others had. Land tenure, education and availability of labor also influence the adoption of fertilizer trees and shrubs. Results further show that household and farm characteristics and availability of extension services explain the current adoption rates of tree-fertilizer technologies. Our findings can guide effective targeting of farmers to ensure higher adoption and sustainability of fertilizer-tree and shrub technology for climate-smart agriculture among the smallholder farmers.

Understanding gender dimensions of climate-smart agriculture adoption in disaster-prone smallholder farming communities in Malawi and Zambia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizwile Khoza ◽  
Dewald Van Niekerk ◽  
Livhuwani David Nemakonde
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Smart Agriculture

Purpose Through the application of traditional and contemporary feminist theories in gender mainstreaming, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to emergent debate on gender dimensions in climate-smart agriculture (CSA) adoption by smallholder farmers in disaster-prone regions. This is important to ensure that CSA strategies are tailored to farmer-specific gender equality goals. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory-sequential mixed methods research design which is qualitatively biased was applied. Key informant interviews and farmer focus group discussions in two study sites formed initial qualitative phase whose findings were explored in a quantitative cross-sectional household survey. Findings Findings shared in this paper indicate the predominant application of traditional gender mainstreaming approaches in CSA focusing on parochial gender dichotomy. Qualitative findings highlight perceptions that western gender approaches are not fully applicable to local contexts and realities, with gender mainstreaming in CSA seemingly to fulfil donor requirements, and ignorant of the heterogeneous nature of social groups. Quantitative findings establish that married men are majority adopters and non-adopters of CSA, while dis-adopters are predominantly de jure female household heads. The latter are more likely to adopt CSA than married women whose main role in CSA is implementers of spouse’s decisions. Access to education, intra-household power relations, productive asset and land ownership are socio-cultural dynamics shaping farmer profiles. Originality/value By incorporating African feminisms and intersectionality in CSA, value of this study lies in recommending gender policy reforms incorporating local gender contexts within the African socio-cultural milieu. This paper accentuates potential benefits of innovative blend of both contemporary and classic gender mainstreaming approaches in CSA research, practice and technology development in disaster-prone regions.

Unravelling SMEs’ participation and success in public procurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Di Mauro ◽  
Alessandro Ancarani ◽  
Tara Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the role of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) within the Canadian public procurement, by seeking to identify barriers and supporting factors of MSMEs’ participation and success in public tenders. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis builds on a unique survey run by the Canadian federal government, which addressed firms either participating or not participating in public tenders. Model estimation on the survey data relies on sample selection methodologies, which allow separating determinants of MSMEs’ decision to participate from determinants of success. Findings Results provide evidence that costs stemming from asset specificity and uncertainty (e.g. costs of bidding, requirements for participation, bundling of contracts and award rules based on minimum price) affect participation in public procurement. Within MSMEs, micro-firms are the most discouraged from participating. However, after controlling for factors affecting participation, micro-firms emerge as having a higher success rate, possibly because of high specialization and joint participation with larger firms. Research limitations/implications Because of the cross-sectional nature of the data used for hypotheses testing, endogeneity may arise if ex post variables affect ex ante decisions. This may apply if participation in procurement feeds on success in past tenders. Social implications Findings may inform policies for the inclusion of smaller firms in the public marketplace. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempting to disentangle determinants of participation in public tenders from determinants of success. Separating the two aspects helps fine-tune SME-friendly public procurement policies, by identifying actions that effectively facilitate success of MSMEs in public tenders.

scholarly journals Adoption Intensity of Selected Organic-Based Soil Fertility Management Technologies in the Central Highlands of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Mwaura ◽  
Milka N. Kiboi ◽  
Eric K. Bett ◽  
Jayne N. Mugwe ◽  
Anne Muriuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Adoption Intensity

Soil fertility decline continues to be a major challenge limiting agricultural productivity globally. Despite the novelty of organic-based technologies in enhancing agricultural production in Kenya's central highlands, adoption is low. Therefore, we carried out a cross-sectional household survey of 300 randomly selected smallholder farmers to determine the specific organic-based practices by farmers; and the socioeconomic factors that influence the adoption intensity of selected organic-based technologies. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the data and the Tobit regression model to evaluate the socioeconomic determinants of adoption intensity of selected organic-based technologies. We identified nine organic-based technologies that had different adoption rates among the farmers. The majority of the farmers had adopted manure (97%) and manure combined with fertilizer (92%) in Murang'a and Tharaka-Nithi, respectively. Manure was applied to the largest land in Murang'a with 31% of the cultivated land. In comparison, manure combined with fertilizer had the highest adoption intensity in Tharaka-Nithi applied to about 25% of the cultivated land. Gender, age of the household head, level of education, household size, access to external labor, training, Tropical Livestock Unit, agriculture group membership, access to credit, land cultivated, and farming experience influenced the adoption intensity of organic-based technologies among smallholder farmers. Based on the smallholder farmers' adoption behavior, this study can be used to disaggregate the farming households better in order to tailor specific organic-based soil fertility technologies solutions that meet their unique needs. One group would be those households that face specific constraints, as reflected in their low adoption rates, women-headed households and older farmers, and thus require more targeted / intensive efforts to overcome these barriers. The other group would be those households that require less focus because, when confronted with the technologies, they are more likely to adopt them easily, for example, the male-headed households. Hence, the smallholder farmers' adoption behavior, can enable policymakers to form a base for designing appropriate policies that encourage the adoption of organic-based soil fertility technology by smallholder farmers.

scholarly journals Impact of food price increases on poverty in Indonesia: empirical evidence from cross-sectional data

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faharuddin Faharuddin ◽  
M. Yamin ◽  
Andy Mulyana ◽  
Y. Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
The Impact

PurposeUsing cross-sectional household survey data, this paper aims to determine the impact of food price increases on poverty in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the quadratic almost ideal demand system applied to the 2013 Indonesian household survey data. The impact of food price increase on household welfare is calculated using a welfare measure, compensating variation.FindingsThree food groups with the most outstanding price impact on poverty are rice, vegetables and fish were studied. The 20% increase in the price of each food group causes an increase in the headcount ratio by 1.360 points (rice), 0.737 points (vegetables) and 0.636 points (fish). Maintaining food price stability for these food groups is very important because the more price increases, the more impact on poverty. Food price policies in rural areas are also more critical than in urban areas because the impact of food price increases in rural areas is higher.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper does not consider the positive impact of rising food prices on food-producing households.Practical implicationsImplementing appropriate poverty alleviation policies through food policies for main food groups and social protection.Social implicationsPromoting rural development policies and agricultural growth.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical results regarding the impact of domestic food prices increase on poverty in Indonesia.

scholarly journals The role of social media marketing in attracting investment capital in industrial parks in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-736
Author(s):  
Thanh Thuy Cu ◽  
Thi Yen Le
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Positive Effect

With the complicated Covid-19 epidemic currently affecting many countries, there is an important position and role for social media marketing not only in attracting investment capital of countries but also in other fields, since it is a good way for people to connect and circulate work. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the attraction of investment capital to Vietnam's industrial parks, focusing on considering social media marketing factors. The study's data comes from a survey of 256 enterprises operating in Vietnam (Including both active firms and enterprises in the group of potential investors with industrial parks). The data were analyzed using factor analysis and multivariate regression. The results of the study show that social media marketing had a positive effect on attracting investment capital into industrial parks of Vietnam (Standardized Coefficients = 0.329); besides, there are also positive effects of other factors such as human resources, industrial park infrastructure, local policies with varying degrees of influence. Based on those factors, the author offers recommendations regarding attracting investment capital to industrial parks actively.

scholarly journals Determinants of Adoption of Wheat Production Technology Package by Smallholder Farmers: Evidences from Eastern Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Degefu Kebede ◽  
Mengistu Ketema ◽  
Nigussie Dechassa ◽  
Feyisa Hundessa
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Market Distance

A study was conducted to analyze factors influencing adoption of wheat technology packages by smallholder farmers in Gurawa, Meta and Habro districts in eastern Ethiopia. The analysis was based on a household survey data collected from 136 randomly selected households. A Two-limit Tobit model was used to elucidate factors affecting adoption of technology packages measured based on an index derived from five components of wheat technologies which included row planting, pesticide application, use of improved varieties, and application of inorganic fertilizers, namely, Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) and Urea. Among the variables included in the model, variation in district, gender, age of the household head, education status of the household head, farm size, distance to market, distance to FTC (Farmers’ Training Centers), cooperative membership, dependency ratio, and annual income of the households were found to significantly affect the adoption of wheat technology packages. Policy makers, planners and development practitioners should give due attention to these determinants to support smallholder farmers in wheat production and enhance gains derived from it.

Impact of corporate governance, financial and regulatory factors on firms’ acquisition ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-484
Author(s):  
Tahira Awan ◽  
Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah ◽  
Muhammad Yar Khan ◽  
Anam Javeed
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Corporate Control ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regulatory Influence ◽  
Financial Strength

Purpose The capital markets witness phenomenal shifts of corporate control. With the shift of world economy into a global one, there has been a rapid increase in the volume of acquisitions. The previous studies shed light on the motives behind acquisition and impact of acquisition on both bidding and target firms. The purpose of this study is to bridge a gap in literature by exploring the factors affecting the acquisition ability (AA) of the firms. The study has analyzed the role of financial strength, corporate governance and regulatory influence on AA of acquiring firm. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional data has been analyzed with respect to Pakistan stock exchange for a period of 2004-2017 by using logit regression. Findings Analysis indicates that firm-specific variables are important determinants in firm’s decision to acquire. Chief Executive Officer duality and presence of institutional shareholders on the board contribute to this important phenomenon in the life of the acquiring firms. Bidding firm’s financial strength is also another important consideration while going for corporate control transfer transactions. The empirical results indicate the better AA for firms characterized by minimum capacity usage, lower level of intangible assets, lower debt levels and lower advertising expenses. However, the regulatory factor has no significant role in firms’ AA. The findings of the study are helpful for managers, regulators and policymakers. Originality/value Analyzing the role of financial strength, corporate governance and regulatory influence on AA of acquiring firm is a rare study, especially in an emerging country such as Pakistan.

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