scholarly journals Stem hemorrhagic stroke: opportunities for rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Sergii Stadnik ◽  
Oleksii Saiko
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Individual Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
The Brain

The most severe and disabling among various types of cerebrovascular accidents are hemorrhages. High mortality in hemorrhagic stroke is due to the possible development of a generalized convulsive syndrome, accompanied by respiratory failure; a cascade of irreversible biological reactions (dislocation syndrome with wedging, ventricular system hemotamponade with the formation of acute obstructive hydrocephalus); the development of complications associated with forced immobilization of the patient or connecting to a ventilator. The diagnosis of cerebral stem strokes is highly relevant due to the increase in their prevalence in the structure of cerebrovascular diseases. With stem strokes, the prognosis of the disease is worse than with strokes of any other localization, which is explained by the location of many vital centers in these structures. The paper highlights the classification and clinical manifestations of hemorrhages in the brain stem, substantiates the feasibility of rehabilitation measures at all periods of the disease. The use of early individual rehabilitation complex treatment can improve the results of therapy of deeply located hematomas, reducing disability and mortality of patients. The article presents the clinical case of a patient with a stem hemorrhagic stroke, in which, against the background of drug therapy and rehabilitation measures developed according to an individual program, self-care skills and working capacity were fully restored. Key words: hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhage), stem stroke, hemorrhage in pons, rehabilitation

Differential diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in young

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
O. A. Kicherova ◽  
◽  
L. I. Reikhert ◽  
O. N. Bovt ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Intracerebral Hematoma ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Secondary All ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
The Brain

In recent years, cerebral vascular diseases have been increasingly detected in young patients. It is due not only to better physicians’ knowledge about this pathology, but also to the improvement of its diagnosis methods. Modern neuroimaging techniques allow us to clarify the nature of hemorrhage, to determine the volume and location of intracerebral hematoma, and to establish the degree of concomitant edema and dislocation of the brain. However, despite the high accuracy of the research, it is not always possible to establish the cause that led to a brain accident, which greatly affects the tactics of management and outcomes in this category of patients. A special feature of the structure of cerebrovascular diseases of young people is the high proportion of hemorrhagic stroke, the causes of which are most often arterio-venous malformations. Meanwhile, there are a number of other causes that can lead to hemorrhage into the brain substance. These include disorders of blood clotting, and various vasculitis, and exposure to toxic substances and drugs, and tumor formations (primary and secondary). All these pathological factors outline the range of diagnostic search in young patients who underwent hemorrhagic stroke. Diagnosis of these pathological conditions with the help of modern visualization techniques is considered to be easy, but this is not always the case. In this article, the authors give their own clinical observation of a hemorrhagic stroke in a young patient, which demonstrates the complexity of the diagnostic search in patients with this pathology.

Clinical case of semilobar holoprosencephaly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Серёжкина ◽  
И.Г. Хмелевская ◽  
Н.С. Разинькова ◽  
Т.А. Миненкова ◽  
И.И. Жизневская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Horseshoe Kidney ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
The Brain

Поскольку непосредственные этиологические факторы аномалии развития не известны, в работе выделены основные группы причин, способствующих формированию пороков развития головного мозга. Большое значение отводится ранней диагностике пороков развития, которая позволяет своевременно решить вопрос о возможности пролонгирования беременности, что определяется видом порока, совместимостью с жизнью и прогнозом в отношении постнатального развития. В исследовании рассматриваемого порока развития большую роль играют такие современные методы, как пренатальная ультразвуковая диагностика, нейросонография, рентгеновская компьютерная и магнитно-резонансная томография головного мозга, имеющие достаточно высокую информативность. Указаны сроки гестации, позволяющие выявить структурные дефекты головного мозга. Медико-генетическое консультирование помогает выявить риск появления больного потомства. Проведена дифференциальная диагностика семилобарной с другими формами голопрозэнцефалии. Также отмечены возможные клинические проявления рассматриваемой нозологии. В данной статье представлен клинический случай семилобарной голопрозэнцефалии, диагностированной у мальчика в возрасте 1 месяц. При поступлении мать предъявляла жалобы на срыгивания и периодическое беспокойство сына. Объем и результаты обследования ребенка изложены ниже. Выявлена сопутствующая патология в виде пупочной грыжи, врожденной аномалии развития мочевой системы: подковообразная почка; водянки яичек и головчатой формы гипоспадии. После проведения курса поддерживающей терапии пациент был выписан в стабильном состоянии. В настоящее время специфическое лечение голопрозэнцефалии отсутствует. Оперативные вмешательства на головном мозге проводятся редко ввиду тяжести состояния больных, в связи с чем лечение данной патологии возможно только с помощью хирургической коррекции симптомов. Длительная дыхательная и кардиоваскулярная дисфункция предопределяет летальный исход заболевания. Since the direct etiological factors of developmental abnormalities are not known, the main groups of causes contributing to the formation of brain malformations are identified in the work. Great importance is given to the early diagnosis of malformations, which allows us to timely resolve the issue of the possibility of prolonging pregnancy, which is determined by the type of defect, compatibility with life and the prognosis for postnatal development. In the study of the considered malformation, such modern methods as prenatal ultrasound diagnostics, neurosonography, X-ray computer and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, which have a sufficiently high informative value, play an important role. The terms of gestation are indicated, which make it possible to identify structural defects of the brain. Medical and genetic counseling helps to identify the risk of the appearance of sick offspring. The differential diagnosis of semilobar with other forms of holoprosencephaly was carried out. Possible clinical manifestations of the nosology under consideration are also noted. This article presents a clinical case of semilobar holoprosencephaly diagnosed in a boy at the age of 1 month. Upon admission, the mother complained of regurgitation and periodic anxiety of her son. The scope and results of the child's examination are set out below. Concomitant pathology was revealed in the form of an umbilical hernia, a congenital abnormality of the development of the urinary system: a horseshoe kidney; dropsy of the testicles and a cephalic form of hypospadias. After a course of maintenance therapy, the patient was discharged in a stable condition. Currently, there is no specific treatment for holoprosencephaly. Surgical interventions on the brain are rarely performed due to the severity of the patients ' condition, and therefore, the treatment of this pathology is possible only with the help of surgical correction of symptoms. Prolonged respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunction determines the fatal outcome of the disease.

scholarly journals Paraneoplastic Vasculitis in a Patient with Astrocytoma of the Brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
A. V. Yagoda ◽  
A. V. Rybas ◽  
E. N. Danilova ◽  
Yu. V. Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Necrotizing Vasculitis ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome ◽  
Significant Stenosis ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
The Brain

Clinical case of paraneoplastic vasculitis аssociated a brain tumor was presented. Paraneoplastic vasculitis is a rare type of paraneoplastic syndrome. The frequency of detection of paraneoplastic vasculitis in cancer patients is 0.01-5%. In 70% of cases, the manifestation of vasculitis is observed long before the clinical manifestations of the tumor. Most studies report so-called leukocytoclastic vasculitis (allergic) or allergic angiitis. Vasculitis is usually accompanied by slowly progressing tumors such as breast and prostate cancer. It also develops with of stomach cancer, lung cancer, kidney adenocarcinoma, epithelioma, sarcoma, cholangiocarcinoma, other solid tumors, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The nosological forms of paraneoplastic vasculitis include called polyarteritis nodosa, hemorrhagic vasculitis, Wegener’s granulomatosis, non-specific aortoarteritis, idiopathic pulmonary hypertension syndrome, thrombovasculitis, allergic hemorrhagic vasculitis, cutaneous vasculitis, systemic necrotizing vasculitis with increased ANCA titer. The patient suffered from paraneoplastic vasculitis with the development of amyloidosis of vascular tissues and arterial hypertension. The progression of the vascular process led to damage of the arteries of the brain and heart, the development of ischemic stroke and hemodynamically significant stenosis of the coronary arteries, the development of acute myocardial infarction complicated by acute heart failure, which caused death. The clinical significance of the case lies in the fact that paraneoplastic vasculitis, which was developed due to a brain astrocytoma with the formation of amyloidosis was firstly described.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BASTI AND NASYA IN HEMORRHAGIC STROKE SPECIFICALLY ON BARTHEL INDEX, GRIP POWER AND NIH STROKE SCALE: A PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Jui V Gundo ◽  
Ashish A Thatere ◽  
Vaishali K Gajbhiye ◽  
Shweta P Deolekar ◽  
Prakash R Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
The Brain

Cerebrovascular diseases include some of the most common and devastating disorders; ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Intracranial hemorrhage usually results from rupture of blood vessel within the brain parenchyma but may also occur in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage, if the artery ruptures into the brain substance as well as into the subarachnoid space. It produces neurological symptoms by producing mass effect on neural structures, from the toxic effects of blood itself or by increasing intracranial pressure. According to Ayurved hemorrhagic stroke can be linked with Urdhva Raktapitta. Chikitsa of Urdhva Raktapitta was Virechana and Adho Raktapitta was Vamana as stated by Charak. So initial management was planned to stabilize Prakupit Dosha and hence Basti and Nasya were selected in these 5 patients of pilot study. Observations and results obtained were encouraging and assessed on different parameters which are presented in full paper. The patients of acute hemorrhagic stroke (not less than 1yr) were selected on the basis of CT/ MRI of brain and sign- symptoms of stroke. Observation and results are mention by applying appropriate statistical tests. Clinically encouraging results were observed on signs and symptoms. Statistically significant results were observed on parameters. These results are presented in full paper in details. Combination of this Ayurvedic treatment can be helpful in treating the cases of hemorrhagic stroke however the study on the larger compound will be helpful to validate its effect on hemorrhagic stroke.

Cerebrovascular diseases

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Transient Ischaemic Attack ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Ocular Circulation ◽  
Ischaemic Attack ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Spontaneous Haemorrhage

This chapter is concerned with those diseases of the cerebral and ocular circulation that cause ischaemia or infarction of the brain and eye or spontaneous haemorrhage into or around the brain. The main clinical manifestations of these diseases are transient ischaemic attack and stroke.

scholarly journals Cerebral small vessel disease: classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and features of treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3S) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Kulesh ◽  
V. E. Drobakha ◽  
V. V. Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Vessel Disease

The paper considers the relevance of the problem of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) that is an important cause of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, associated with the development of cognitive impairment and complications of antithrombotic therapy. It presents briefly the current issues of etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Sporadic non-amyloid microangiopathy, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) are discussed in detail from the point of view of their clinical presentation, neuroimaging, and features of therapeutic tactics. An algorithm for diagnosing CSVD in patients admitted to hospital for stroke and a differentiated approach to their treatment are proposed. Consideration of the neuroimaging manifestations of CSVD is noted to be necessary for the safe and more effective treatment of patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Angiodysplasia Combined with Thymic Aplasia in an Infant: A Rare Clinical Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Hmilevskaya ◽  
Galina N. Masljakowa ◽  
Nikolai I. Zryachkin ◽  
Olga A. Makarowa ◽  
Mikhail M. Bazalitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Progressive Heart Failure ◽  
Convulsive Seizures ◽  
The Brain

Background. The prevalence of congenital malformations of the vessels or angiodysplasia ranges from 1:50,000 to 1:5,000,000. Congenital angiodysplasia is a consequence of impaired formation and development of the vascular system in embryogenesis. The aetiology of angiodysplasia remains poorly studied, and the diagnosis involves significant difficulties in some cases. Clinical Case Description. The observation of a rare case of a combined malformation of vessels and thymic aplasia in a female infant is presented. Angiodysplasia included the syndrome of congenital generalised phlebectasia (synonym: congenital telangiectatic marbled skin) combined with multiple vascular malformations with predominant vascular lesions of the brain, lungs, heart, kidneys, and mesentery. Clinically, the disease was characterised by a generalised change in the skin in the form of livedo reticularis accompanied by the development of severe pneumonia, persistent urinary syndrome, neurological symptoms (convulsive seizures, motor disorders), and progressive heart failure. The diagnosis was confirmed in the course of a pathological study. Conclusion. The presented case allows expanding the notion of the variety of clinical manifestations of congenital angiodysplasia, as well as its possible combinations with other malformations.

scholarly journals Chronic cerebrovascular diseases: pathogenetic heterogeneity and therapeutic strategies

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
E. V. Kostenko ◽  
M. A. Eneeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Modern View ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
The Brain

The article presents a modern view of the pathogenic mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases was Observed that currently available data indicate the existence of different variants of ischemic lesions of the brain and their clinical manifestations. Based on the available data and the results of our own studies, it is concluded that therapeutic strategies in patients with CVD should take into account the variety of clinical manifestations, the existence of various options for ischemic lesions of the brain substance, especially the course of the disease, heterogeneity of pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors, as well as multi-morbidity of patients. Discusses the use of the drug Vazobral in CVD.

Clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome associated with lesions of the central nervous system

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
A. V. Budnevskiy ◽  
V. A. Kutashov ◽  
Andrey Ya. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is one of the important but poorly known conditions. Its symptoms are ofparticular interest for neurologists since thrombi are most often localized in the cerebral blood vessels which leads to ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (AICS). APS can also manifest itself in the following symptoms: epileptic attacks, dementia, headache, chorea, peripheral neuropathy, myelo- and encephalopathy phenomenologically similar to multiple sclerosis. This article presents a clinical case of secondary APS with the neurological manifestations in a 25-year-old female patient.

scholarly journals Characteristics of acute period of traumatic brain injury in children with hemophilia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina I Guzeva ◽  
Inna V Ochrim ◽  
Nadezhda E Maksimova ◽  
Oksana V Guzeva ◽  
Victoria V Guzeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Brain

The clinical picture of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is characterized by pronounced polymorphism. To clarify the severity of TBI and the localization of the pathological process, use computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The aim of the work was to justify the need for neuroimaging to all children with hemophilia with TBI and to determine the correlation between the severity of clinical manifestations and neuroimaging data. The article describes the clinical case of a favorable outcome of an TBI in a toddler child with hemophilia A. The case is of interest to physicians of various specialties and demonstrates the features of the clinical course of acute TBI with hemophilia. The diagnostic process for TBI was based on complaints, clinical and neuroimaging data. Complaints and the circumstances of the injury are known from the mother's words in connection with the early age of the child and the absence of a formed speech. Methods of investigation: collection of complaints and anamnesis of the disease, neurological examinations, laboratory and instrumental data, including neuroimaging data. It is known that the boy fell off the couch, hit the back of the head, did not lose consciousness, there was no vomiting. A day after receiving the injury, there was an increase in cerebral neurological symptoms. Clinically, hematoma is suspected. On the CT of the brain, epidural hematoma was determined. Thus, the presented clinical case illustrates that even a minor head injury in patients with hemophilia can lead to severe consequences. Neuroimaging of the brain with TBI is indicated for all children with hemophilia, regardless of the severity of clinical manifestations.

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