scholarly journals DESIGN OF A TECHNOLOGICAL FUEL PELLET PRODUCTION LINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Ludmila Shvets
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Fuel Pellet ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Ash Formation ◽  
Alternative Sources

In the conditions of the fuel crisis, an active search began for alternative energy sources in general, and alternative fuel in particular. Among the alternative sources, the use of biofuel for generating thermal and electric energy is currently the most relevant. Biological sources become the material for its production and, basically, these are wastes from agriculture, forestry and the woodworking industry. An important advantage of the use of bio-fuel is also an environmental factor, because its use significantly reduces environmental pollution, compared with the use of mineral fuels. According to their characteristics, fuel pellets compete with natural gas, but in environmental terms they are ahead of all other types of fuel to the same extent as in price terms. The relevance of the use of fuel pellets shows an increase in the use of wood and agricultural waste in industrial production of thermal energy in Europe, the Scandinavian countries and North America by 15% annually. Granules are a real alternative to coal and oil. Since, in terms of their heat transfer characteristics, they are not inferior to coal, and their environmental parameters are generally beyond competition. The heat of combustion of the granules is close to coal, but when they are burned, the CO2 emission is 10-50 times lower, and the ash formation is 15-20 times. So bio-fuel experts confidently claim that granules are a full substitute for coal. The manufacture of wood pellets occurs without chemical fixers under high pressure. It is worth noting that briquettes from agricultural waste are more ash-rich (for example, from sunflower husk - about 7%, from peat - from 2 to 15%) than wood pellets (0.3-3%) and their use for small briquettes boilers undesirable. The article substantiates the introduction of technologies for the processing of agricultural by-products into fuel granules. A developed technological line for the manufacture of granules and a design for chopping wood are proposed.

scholarly journals Bioprocessing Requirements for Bioethanol

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Sophie Anderson ◽  
Pattanathu K.S.M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
The Core ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
New Research

This chapter discusses alternative energy sources and the advantages of biofuels over fossil fuels. It outlines the main steps of bioethanol production and suggests some alternative sources as potential feedstock. The core focus of this chapter is to examine new research which considers the use of agricultural waste as a feedstock for bioethanol production rather than conventional feedstocks such as sugarcane and corn. The advantages of sugarcane bagasse as a feedstock are discussed in detail and the bioprocessing requirements are studied in comparison to traditional methods that use sugarcane as the feedstock. The chapter concludes by briefly outlining further research that could potentially improve these processes.

scholarly journals Certain economic instruments as a factor of realizing the potential of using alternative energy sources in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 05066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Ponomareva ◽  
Anna Zvereva ◽  
Ekaterina Golubtsova ◽  
Svetlana Ilyashenko ◽  
Gennady Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Favorable Conditions

With each passing year, the problem of using alternative energy sources is gaining increasing attention, since the energy of the sun, water and wind, unlike hydrocarbons, belongs to practically inexhaustible resources. Besides this, alternative energy sources are relatively environmentally friendly, so any country is interested in using them. One of the factors affecting the increase of energy generation from alternative sources is the legal regulation of this area by the government. In many foreign countries a number of conceptual, doctrinal and program documents are adopted and implemented, which are dealing with the use of renewable energy sources. In order to stimulate the use of alternative energy sources, the governments of some countries create favorable conditions for attracting investment in the development of this sector, which, further, not only creates new jobs, but also has a generally positive effect on the economy.

scholarly journals Alpian, Yanciluk, dan Wahyu Supriyati

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Agrienvi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Simple Technology

Energy demand increase follow to population growth factors, high exploration costs, rising world oil prices andthe difficulty of finding sources of oil reserves. These factors cause the governments of several countries toimmediately produce alternative energy that is renewable and environmentally friendly. Wood pellets are analternative energy source. The availability of raw materials is very easy to obtain. Raw materials for wood pelletsfrom the exploitation waste such as logging residues, branches and twigs, wood industry waste such as scraps,sawdust and bark, agricultural waste such as straw and husks. Waste that is developed into a product will produce ahigher economic value. Making pellets from wood waste is an alternative energy material for meeting people's energyneeds. The opportunity to develop wood pellets as fuel is wide open because of the vast potential of forests inIndonesia and the large amount of waste from forest products, both from timber industry waste and exploitationwaste. Equipment, raw materials and the process of making pellets in a simple manner need to be socialized to thepublic so that they can be applied especially for the utilization of potential waste that can be used as raw material formaking pellets.Keywords : wood pellets, waste, simple technology, renewable energy

scholarly journals Application of renewable and alternative sources of energy in agricultural construction projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11006
Author(s):  
Sophia Diakonova ◽  
Lyudmila Shevchenko ◽  
Elena Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Acceptable Alternative ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Sources

The paper clarifies the concepts of “renewable” and “alternative” energy, classifies alternative energy sources, summarizes their preference over traditional energy sources. The paper considers the issue of using wind power and solar energy as the most acceptable alternative energy sources for the construction of agricultural facilities. A detailed analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the wind and solar installations applying was carried out.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AS A FACTOR OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD ENERGY INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
I. A. STRELKOVA ◽  
◽  
E. V. KHARMAKSHANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Moment

This article highlights the development of alternative sources of energy as capable of solving a wide range of environmental and economic problems. The main factors contributing to the transition to alternative energy sources are considered. Characteristics of the alternative energy sector at the moment is given, its place and role in the world economy is marked. Trends in the development of the industry, as well as prospects for the short and long term are analyzed. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn regarding the possibility of transition to alternative energy sources in the world economy.

Policy Influence of Solar PV Diffusion into the Nigerian Rural Energy Mix

2012 ◽  
pp. 470-501
Author(s):  
Olalekan A. Jesuleye ◽  
Willie O. Siyanbola ◽  
Matthew O. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Sources

The study in this chapter examined policy options for promoting solar PV diffusion into the energy mix of six selected remote villages that were pilot sites for national and foreign assisted solar electrification programs in three ecological regions of Nigeria. A total of 910 questionnaires were administered on the solar PV users, suppliers, and government agencies to elicit information on alternative energy sources for provision of energy services. The results showed that solar PV usage was 49.9 kWh per/day, which constituted an insignificant share of about 14% in the total lighting requirement and less than 2% of the total requirement for energy services. The demand would rise to 73.3 kWh per/day by 2019 at the same 14% share of the total lighting requirement. Firewood demand maintained over 80 percent share (2383.5 kWh per/day) in the total energy mix in 2009. It also revealed that the best policy option of 200 percent increase in solar bulbs’ share for lighting by 2014 would require 50% reduction in kerosene share. The study concluded that increasing utilization of solar PV for lighting, entertainment, refrigeration, and ventilation in the study areas could lead to decrease in the use of energy from alternative sources.

scholarly journals Energy potentials worldwide and their importance in cellulose and paper industry

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Vladimir Valent ◽  
Milorad Krgovic ◽  
Marina Krsikapa ◽  
Srecko Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources

The available worldwide energy sources are presented. The applications of energy over the next period are considered in this study. The applications and the importance of alternative energy sources is reviewed. The emphasis is put on the necessity of developing new technologies and rationalization of energy use. The data regarding heat and electric energy, along with water applications in cellulose and paper industry are also given.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCES IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
Iryna Ivashkiv ◽  
Liliya Trukhan
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Domestic Companies

Introduction. The article deals with the development of alternative fuel sources in Ukraine. The role and importance of alternative fuel sources in the context of the formation of the energy strategy of Ukraine are researched. The purpose of this article is to conduct research on the development of alternative energy sources to cover the energy needs of Ukraine in fuel and energy resources. Methods. The research methods are general scientific methods of scientific synthesis for the role and importance of the use of alternative energy sources in Ukraine, a systematic approach to justifying the areas of development of social responsibility of domestic companies in Ukraine. Results The advantages of using alternative sources of fuel in Ukraine are substantiated, the essence of which is environmentally friendly and renewable.

scholarly journals Characteristics on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Papaya Seed Oil with VCR Engines for Different Nozzles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4698-4701
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Hydro Carbon ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Papaya Seed

The conventional fuels are necessity for all the automobile machineries, due to deficiency of conventional energy sources need to search for alternative sources like biodiesels should give more impact to the automobile sectors. Biodiesel are clean energy, eco friendly, easily possible to produce from biomass. Alternative energy sources having more capable for solving environment aspects like reduce the pollution to the environment. This paper deals papaya seed oil used as feedstock, in this biodiesel produced by transesterification method using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalyst. This biofuel is used in four stoke, single cylinder, variable compression engine (VCR). The rated speed of the engine is 1500 rpm. This emission performance is analyzing for different nozzles with blends. Carbon mono oxide (CO) slightly increasing with load, Hydro carbon (HC) slightly decreasing with load, Carbon di-oxide(CO2) increasing with load. Oxygen (O2) is decreasing with load. Nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matter is also increasing slightly with load.

scholarly journals Economic viability and profitability assessments of WECS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Mohammed Kdair Abd
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Alternative Sources

Technical and technological advances in alternative energy sources have led many countries to add green energy to their power plants to reduce carbon emissions and air pollution. At present, many electricity companies are looking to use alternative sources of energy because of high electrical energy prices. Wind energy is more useful than many renewable energies such as solar, heat, biomass, etc. The Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is a system that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy to feed the known loads. WECS can be found in a variety of technology. Climate change and load demand are essential determinants of WECS optimization modelling. In this paper, proposed a strategy focused primarily on economic analysis WECS. The strategy based on a weather change to find the optimal designing and modelling for four different types of WECS using HOMER software. Finally, several criteria were used to determine which type of WECS was the most profitable investment and less payback period.

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