Effects of microenvironmental factors on rooting of Juniperus scopulorum cuttings

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-788
Author(s):  
Peng MENG ◽  
Yu-Ling LI ◽  
Guo-Chun YOU ◽  
Shuo ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
Juniperus Scopulorum

Propagation protocol for Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
D. J. Regan ◽  
K. J. Woodruff ◽  
A. S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Juniperus Scopulorum

The Engaged Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Metabolism: Focusing on Cancer-Associated Fibroblast and Exosome Mediators

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khandan Ilkhani ◽  
Milad Bastami ◽  
Soheila Delgir ◽  
Asma Safi ◽  
Shahrzad Talebian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblast ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors

: Metabolic reprogramming is a significant property of various cancer cells, which most commonly arises from the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). The events of metabolic pathways include the Warburg effect, shifting in Krebs cycle metabolites, and the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, potentially providing energy and structural requirements for the development and invasiveness of cancer cells. TME and tumor metabolism shifting have a close relationship through bidirectional signaling pathways between stromal and tumor cells. Cancer- Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), as the most dominant cells of TME, play a crucial role in the aberrant metabolism of cancer. Furthermore, the stated relationship can affect survival, progression, and metastasis in cancer development. Recently, exosomes are considered one of the most prominent factors in cellular communications considering effective content and bidirectional mediatory effect between tumor and stromal cells. In this regard, CAF-Derived Exosomes (CDE) exhibit an efficient obligation to induce metabolic reprogramming for promoting growth and metastasis of cancer cells. The understanding of cancer metabolism, including factors related to TME, could lead to the discovery of a potential biomarker for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in cancer management. This review focuses on the association between metabolic reprogramming and engaged microenvironmental, factors such as CAFs, and the associated derived exosomes.

scholarly journals Plasma Exosomal miRNA Levels after Radiotherapy Are Associated with Early Progression and Metastasis of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2110
Author(s):  
Oyeon Cho ◽  
Do-Wan Kim ◽  
Jae-Youn Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Early Progression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
Exosomal Mirna

Plasma exosomal miRNAs are key regulators of cell-cell interactions associated with several biological functions in patients with cancer. This pilot study aimed to investigate the log2 fold change (log2FC) of the expression of exosomal miRNAs and related mRNAs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer to identify prognostic markers better than those currently available. We sequenced plasma exosomal RNA from 56 blood samples collected from 28 patients with cervical cancer, who had been treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Changes in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs before and after CCRT were represented as log2FC. Their biological functions were studied by miRNA-mRNA network analysis, using ingenuity pathway analysis, after the selection of two groups of miRNAs, each associated with early progression (EP) and metastasis, also described as initial stage. Seven patients experienced EP, three of whom died within four months after progression. Reduced levels of miR-1228-5p, miR-33a-5p, miR-3200-3p, and miR-6815-5p and increased levels of miR-146a-3p in patients with EP revealed unresolved inflammation, with accompanying increased expression of PCK1 and decreased expression of FCGR1A. Increased levels of miR-605-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6780a-5p, and miR-6826-5p and decreased levels of miR-16-1-3p (or 15a-3p) were associated with the degree of metastasis and led to the systemic activation of myeloid, endothelial, and epithelial cells, as well as neurons, phagocytes, and platelets. Log2FCs in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs from plasma exosomes after CCRT are associated with EP and metastasis, reflecting unresolved inflammation and systemic microenvironmental factors, respectively. However, this study, supported by preliminary data insufficient to reach clear conclusions, should be verified in larger prospective cohorts.

scholarly journals Gastric Microenvironment—A Partnership between Innate Immunity and Gastric Microbiota Tricks Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Cristina Oana Mărginean ◽  
Lorena Elena Meliț ◽  
Maria Oana Săsăran
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Pathogen Recognition ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Major Factors

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) carcinogenicity depends on three major factors: bacterial virulence constituents, environmental factors and host’s genetic susceptibility. The relationship between microenvironmental factors and H. pylori virulence factors are incontestable. H. pylori infection has a major impact on both gastric and colonic microbiota. The presence of non-H. pylori bacteria within the gastric ecosystem is particularly important since they might persistently act as an antigenic stimulus or establish a partnership with H. pylori in order to augment the subsequent inflammatory responses. The gastric ecosystem, i.e., microbiota composition in children with H. pylori infection is dominated by Streptoccocus, Neisseria, Rothia and Staphylococcus. The impairment of this ecosystem enhances growth and invasion of different pathogenic bacteria, further impairing the balance between the immune system and mucosal barrier. Moreover, altered microbiota due to H. pylori infection is involved in increasing the gastric T regulatory cells response in children. Since gastric homeostasis is defined by the partnership between commensal bacteria and host’s immune system, this review is focused on how pathogen recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs—an essential class of pathogen recognition receptors—PRRs) on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells impact the immune response in the setting of H. pylori infection. Further studies are required for delineate precise role of bacterial community features and of immune system components.

scholarly journals Urban Dendroflora of the Macedonia Park in the City of Skopje, North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Martina Shotaroska ◽  
Bojan Simovski ◽  
Tomcho Nikolovski ◽  
Katerina Chonevska ◽  
Ivan Minčev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Platycladus Orientalis ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Juniperus Scopulorum

Subject of research in this article is the urban dendroflora of the Macedonia Park, situated on about 50,000 m2 in the Macedonian capital city of Skopje, i.e., identification and presence of the recent woody plants. Thus, observed are morphological and ecological features of the woody plants and their current state in this urban environment. The investigation relates to a seven-year period (since the establishment of the Park in 2012 up to late 2019). After the field research and the inventorisation of the woody plants in the Park, 82 taxa were identified, represented in 1,318 individuals. Most represented tree species is the hybrid Platanus × hispanica Mill. ex Münchh. with 103 individuals (7.81% of the overall urban dendroflora). Most frequent tree including infraspecific taxa is Fraxinus excelsior L. (including F. e. ‘Globosa’, F. e. ‘Jaspidea’, and F. e. ‘Pendula’) with a total number of 146 individuals (11.08%). Concerning other growth form, the mini and small tree roses of hybrid Rosa Floribunda Group outnumber all ornamental woody species with 225 bushes (17.07%). Climbers are represented with 3 taxa (3.66% of identified taxa) in pergolas (Wisteria sinensis /Sims/ Sweet, Parthenocissus quinquefolia /L./ Planch.), and wire cage topiary (Hedera helix L.). Likewise, 87 individuals (6.60%) of 10 species (12.19%) occur as remnants of the greening in the past of which 3 species are used as a green core of a small sacral architecture: Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis (Mill.) Loudon (with 10 trees), Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco (3), and Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold (1). In general, the urban dendroflora is properly selected and used for greening, although certain species and individuals are withering (e.g. Betula pendula ‘Youngii’, Juniperus scopulorum ‘Skyrocket’, F. e. ‘Jaspidea’) or unsuitably used for avenue and in small alpine-like garden.

scholarly journals Shape matters: morphological metrics of glioblastoma imaging abnormalities as biomarkers of prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Curtin ◽  
Paula Whitmire ◽  
Haylye White ◽  
Kamila M. Bond ◽  
Maciej M. Mrugala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Standard Magnetic Resonance Imaging

AbstractLacunarity, a quantitative morphological measure of how shapes fill space, and fractal dimension, a morphological measure of the complexity of pixel arrangement, have shown relationships with outcome across a variety of cancers. However, the application of these metrics to glioblastoma (GBM), a very aggressive primary brain tumor, has not been fully explored. In this project, we computed lacunarity and fractal dimension values for GBM-induced abnormalities on clinically standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In our patient cohort (n = 402), we connect these morphological metrics calculated on pretreatment MRI with the survival of patients with GBM. We calculated lacunarity and fractal dimension on necrotic regions (n = 390), all abnormalities present on T1Gd MRI (n = 402), and abnormalities present on T2/FLAIR MRI (n = 257). We also explored the relationship between these metrics and age at diagnosis, as well as abnormality volume. We found statistically significant relationships to outcome for all three imaging regions that we tested, with the shape of T2/FLAIR abnormalities that are typically associated with edema showing the strongest relationship with overall survival. This link between morphological and survival metrics could be driven by underlying biological phenomena, tumor location or microenvironmental factors that should be further explored.

Therapeutic Significance of Microenvironmental Factors

2000 ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Chaplin ◽  
M. R. Horsman ◽  
M. J. Trotter ◽  
D. W. Siemann
Keyword(s):  
Microenvironmental Factors
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