Pengurangan Beban Signaling Processing Unit Pada Penggunaan Smartphone Dengan metode EFD

Absrak---Dengan laju pertumbuhan smartphone yang cepat, operator dihadapkan pada permasalahan padatnyajaringan dan menurunnya performansi jaringan. Permasalahan padatnya jaringan ini salah satunya ditimbulkanoleh tingginya signaling traffic yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh pemakaian paket data oleh smartphone.Enhanced Fast Dormancy (EFD) dapat dijadikan solusi untuk mengurangi beban pada Signaling Processing Unit(SPU) yang diakibatkan tingginya signaling traffic smartphone. Dengan mekanisme state transition pada EFD, userequiptment (UE) diatur untuk memilih Cell/URA_PCH atau Cell_FACH untuk diduduki setelah koneksi selesaidaripada kembali ke idle mode. Dikarenakan Cell/URA_PCH dan Cell_FACH state memerlukan lebih sedikitsignaling message daripada koneksi data konvensional, signaling traffic berkurang dan pemakaian resourcesemakin efisien. Setelah EFD diaktifkan pada RNC Semarang, signaling traffic yang terukur pada SPU berkurangdari 70% menjadi 53,57%. Menurunnya SPU Load setelah aktivasi EFD juga mengakibatkan perbaikanperformansi jaringan 3G – Packet Switch pada RNC Semarang.

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A New Algorithm for Onboard Autonomous Orbit Determination of Navigation Satellites

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463311000397 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (S1) ◽

pp. S162-S179 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Haihong Wang ◽

Zhonggui Chen ◽

Jinjun Zheng ◽

Haibin Chu

Keyword(s):

Data Processing ◽

Orbit Determination ◽

Transition Matrix ◽

State Transition ◽

State Transition Matrix ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Data Processing Unit ◽

Autonomous Orbit Determination ◽

Computing Method

Autonomous orbit determination of a navigation constellation is the process by which the orbit parameters of navigation satellites are autonomously calibrated onboard the satellites without the need for external aids. It commonly uses a satellite onboard data processing unit and a filtering method to process the measurements of inter-satellite ranges. The onboard data processing unit is the main module of autonomous navigation systems. In this paper, the two main factors that affect the accuracy of autonomous orbit determination for a navigation constellation are discussed first, and then a distributed onboard algorithm for autonomous orbit determination of navigation satellites is proposed. This method is based on a long-term ephemeris prediction and is suitable for the satellite hardware capability. The main feature of this method is that both the distributed computing method and an onboard analytical state transition matrix are used to process inter-satellite range measurements. One of the main advantages of this approach is high-speed computing since the amount of calculations needed is significantly less than that of the centralised computing method and those distributed methods that need to use an onboard numerical integrator. Another advantage of this approach is that the use of the onboard analytical state transition matrix algorithm can save a great amount of resources for both ground-to-satellite data transmissions and data storage units in satellites’ hardware. This could result in substantial cost reduction for space missions. Finally, a simulation method used for testing the proposed algorithm is presented. Results of tests over a period of 90 days show that the user range error of autonomous orbit determination derived from the proposed method is less than three metres.

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Evaluation of Microbial Load from Canned Soya Milk Drinks in Malaysia

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2016.v02i01.04 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22-25

Author(s):

Nur Amalina binti Mustafa ◽

Muhammad Ashraf bin Redzuan ◽

Muhamad Hazim bin Zuraimi ◽

Muhamad Shuhaimi bin Shuib ◽

Shahnaz Majeed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

Storage Condition ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Nutrient Agar ◽

Microbial Load ◽

Blood Agar ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Soya Milk ◽

Two Samples

Objective: Owing to the habit of consuming ready food among the citizens of Malaysia a study was conducted to evaluate 20 samples of canned soya milk for the presence of possible microbial content. The samples were collected randomly from shopping malls, restaurants and kiosk in Ipoh Malaysia. Methods: All samples collected across Ipoh, were subjected to test for presence bacteria in nutrient agar, blood agar and macConkey media. The possible microbial load was swapped from surface and soya milk content with a sterile cotton and streaked on nutrient agar, blood agar and macConkey culture media. The streaked petri plates were incubated for 48 hours at 37oC. Results: The study revealed negative microbial growth in all except two samples from the surface and soya milk content collected from a restaurant in nutrient agar and blood agar medium. The presence of microbes was conformed as gram positive staphylococcus sp. through gram staining. The positive growth may be imputed to poor storage condition at the restaurant. Conclusion: It can be computed from the study that the majority of the samples were free from bacterial growth, suggesting strong in house quality control mechanism at the processing unit and exquisite storage conditions in malls and kiosk suggesting that soya milk available in malls and kiosk are fit for human consumption.

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The safety of tools in manual disinfection – security of medical personel of the central processing unit and operating theatre

Forum Zakażeń ◽

10.15374/fz2014031 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 177-183

Author(s):

Elżbieta Kutrowska

Keyword(s):

Central Processing Unit ◽

Operating Theatre ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Central Processing

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Fast iterative solvers for large compressed-sparse row linear systems on graphics processing unit

Pollack Periodica ◽

10.1556/pollack.10.2015.1.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 3-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frédéric Magoulès ◽

Abal-Kassim Cheik Ahamed ◽

Roman Putanowicz

Keyword(s):

Linear Systems ◽

Graphics Processing Unit ◽

Iterative Solvers ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Compressed Sparse Row ◽

Graphics Processing

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cognitive-pragmatic account of the English imperative-conditional construction

East Asian Pragmatics ◽

10.1558/eap.v1i2.29484 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 251-269

Author(s):

Keding Zhang

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Linguistics ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Pragmatic Approach ◽

The Third ◽

Pragmatic Enrichment ◽

Symbolic Structure ◽

Speaker Intentions ◽

Interactive Relationship ◽

Pragmatic Account ◽

Everyday Communication

The imperative-conditional construction (ICC) in English is a type of construction which consists of an ordinary imperative clause and an ordinary declarative clause connected by the connective and or or. This article deals with the speaker intentions of ICCs and their motivations from a cognitive-pragmatic approach. Based on the concept of construction in cognitive linguistics, an ICC can be called a complex symbolic structure which, though composed of two components, should be regarded as a single pragmatic processing unit. It is demonstrated that, in everyday communication, the ICC can usually convey three kinds of speaker intentions: a prohibitive intention, an inducing/forcing intention, and an advisory intention. The first refers to the intention of the speaker to prohibit the hearer from carrying out the act described by the imperative. The second is the intention of the speaker to induce or force the hearer to bring about the act described by the imperative. The third refers to the intention of the speaker to advise the hearer to carry out the act described by the imperative. These speaker intentions are highly motivated. The motivations include the constructional context, the conditional relation between the imperative and the declarative, the directive force of the imperative, the pragmatic enrichment of the declarative, and the complementary and interactive relationship between the imperative and declarative clauses, among which the constructional context serves as an overall motivation, and the rest may be seen as specific motivations.

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