Property and Surface Morphology of Copper Foil on the Current Density

This paper presented the composite coatings of nickel with graphite particle on the aluminum substrate using a nickel sulfamate bath. Effects of graphite particle concentration on the surface morphologies of the composite coatings were investigated. The inclusion of graphite particle into metal deposits was dependent on many process parameters, including particle concentration, current density, pH and temperature. Results of SEM and XRD demonstrated that graphite particle had successfully deposited on that nickel matrix; besides, the surface morphology of coatings obtained from sulfamate bath containing 2g/L graphite particle dispersed more uniformly than the ones with higher concentration.

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THE EFFECT OF PREPARED PARAMETERS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF ELECTRODEPOSITED NANOCRYSTALLINE NICKEL COATING

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x04006414 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 11 (04n05) ◽

pp. 433-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C. Y. DAI ◽

Y. PAN ◽

S. JIANG ◽

Y. C. ZHOU

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Current Density ◽

Crystal Orientation ◽

Nickel Coating ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Nanocrystalline Nickel ◽

Peak Current Density ◽

Peak Current

The nanocrystalline nickel coating was synthesized by pulse-jet electrodeposition from modified Watts bath. Pulse and jet plating was employed to increase the deposition current density, decrease diffusion layer, increase the nucleation rate and in this case the prepared method would result in fine-grained deposits. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the microstructure, the surface morphology, the crystal preferred orientation and the variety of the lattice parameter respectively. The influence of pulse parameters, namely peak current density, the duty cycle and pulse frequency on the grain size, surface morphology, crystal orientation and microstructure was studied. The results showed that with increasing peak current density, the deposit grain size was found to decrease markedly in other parameters at constant. However, in our experiment it was found that the grain size increased slightly with increasing pulse frequency. For higher peak current density, the surface morphology was smoother. The crystal orientation progressively changed from an almost random distribution to a strong (111) texture. This means that the peak current density was the dominated parameter to effect the microstructure of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel coating. In addition, the lattice parameter for the deposited nickel is calculated from XRD and it is found that the calculated value is less than the lattice parameter for the perfect nickel single crystal. This phenomenon is explained by the crystal lattice mismatch.

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Crystal Orientation and Surface Morphology of Sono-Electroplated Zinc Film from Alkali Zincate Bath

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1743 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79-82 ◽

pp. 1743-1746

Author(s):

Atsushi Chiba

Keyword(s):

Surface Morphology ◽

Current Efficiency ◽

Compressive Stress ◽

Diffusion Layer ◽

Current Density ◽

Crystal Orientation ◽

Shearing Stress ◽

Thickness Of Diffusion Layer ◽

Zincate Solution

Zn plated on Cu plate from 0.65 mol/dm3 alkali zincate solution in 8 mol/dm3 KOH bath Electrolysis was carried out as current density of 10 - 100 mA/cm2. The sonication was prepared 40 kHz. The current efficiency was 76.1 % at 10 mA/cm2 in 0.10 mol/dm3 zincate and 100 % in 0.15 mol/dm3 zincate at 50 mA/cm2. The current efficiency and thickness of diffusion layer affected with the agitation of micro-jet. Surface of film was smooth and dense as particle crushed down with the shockwave pressure. (112) plane moved horizontally to <113> direction under the compressive stress or shearing stress.

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Effect of Current Density on the Composition and Mechanical Properties of Cr1-xAlxN Coating by Ion Arc Plating

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.1971 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 557-559 ◽

pp. 1971-1974

Author(s):

Cheng Xi Wang ◽

Ji Hua Peng ◽

Xian Wen Liang ◽

Jun Tian

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Current Density ◽

Adhesion Force ◽

Atomic Ratio ◽

Pure Metal ◽

Metal Target ◽

Micro Hardness ◽

Al Content ◽

Maximum Value

The Cr1-xAlxN coatings were deposited onto M2 tool steel using ion arc plating technique. The effect of current density on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of TiN/CrAlN coating was made. It was found that adjusting the pure metal target currents is not only to change the metal atomic ratio, but also to influence the surface morphology, their hardness and adhesion. The micro hardness Hv increases almost linearly with Al content of the coating in this study, and the Cr0.41Al0.59N coating reaches Hv 2950. The adhesion force between the coating and the substrate reaches maximum value 55N, when the [Al]/[Al+Cr] ratio is 0.44.

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Improvement of microstructure and properties of Ni–Al2O3 composite coating via jet electrodeposition

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979220502434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (27) ◽

pp. 2050243

Author(s):

Hui Fan ◽

Jie Jiang ◽

Yangpei Zhao ◽

Shankui Wang ◽

Zhijing Li

Keyword(s):

Wear Rate ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Current Density ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Coating Structure ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Al2o3 Composite ◽

Jet Electrodeposition

Ni–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared with a modified Watt’s bath by using jet electrodeposition method. As the key process parameter, current density and the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles in electrolyte were studied about the effect on the surface morphology and co-deposition of Al2O3 nanoparticles of composite coating. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composite coating were also tested. The results show that properly increasing the current density and Al2O3 addition can increase the co-deposition of nanoparticles in the coating and promote the formation of a dense and refined coating structure. Using the optimized process parameters of current density (300 A/dm2) and Al2O3 addition (30 g/L), the co-deposition of Al2O3 in the composite coating can reach a maximum of 13.1 at.%. The hardness of the coating reaches the peak at 623 HV. The wear rate of the composite coating is also greatly reduced with optimized parameters.

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Electrodeposition process and composition of Zn-Cr alloy coatings

Inżynieria Powierzchni ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0012.2088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 3-10

Author(s):

Ewa Osuchowska ◽

Zofia Buczko ◽

Klaudia Olkowicz

Keyword(s):

Surface Morphology ◽

Current Efficiency ◽

Direct Current ◽

Current Density ◽

Pulse Current ◽

Electrodeposition Process ◽

Cr Content ◽

Zinc Coatings ◽

Deposition Current Density

In the present work, the electrodeposition process of Zn-Cr alloy coatings under the conditions of direct and pulse current was discussed. Changes in the Cr content in the obtained alloy coatings, current efficiency of the process, surface morphology, structure and microhardness as a function of chromium(III) concentration in the bath to deposition, current density (direct and pulse) and solution mixing were determined. Surface morphology, structure and hardness of the obtained coatings were investigated. The Zn-Cr alloy coatings of good quality contained up to 0.25 %Cr (for direct current) and up to 9% Cr (for pulse current). The tested Zn-Cr alloy coatings obtained under pulse current conditions showed higher microhardness than the Zn-Cr coatings obtained under direct current conditions and than zinc coatings.

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Experimental Research on Electroforming Nano-ZrO2 Reinforced Cu-Matrix Composite Aided by Pulse Power

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.764.95 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 764 ◽

pp. 95-105

Author(s):

Zhong Wen Sima ◽

Zhi Yong Li ◽

Hong Bin Cui ◽

Hun Guo

Keyword(s):

Surface Morphology ◽

Matrix Composite ◽

Current Density ◽

Duty Cycle ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Cathodic Current Density ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Cathodic Current ◽

Maximum Content ◽

Cycle Pulse

Prepared the nanoZrO2 reinforced Cu-matrix composite by pulse electroforming. The effects of the content of nanoZrO2 particle in the casting solution, average cathodic current density, duty cycle, pulse frequency and ultrasonic power on the content of nanoZrO2 in the electroforming Cu-matrix composite have been studied. The microhardness and surface morphology of Cu-ZrO2 composite were analyzed. The experimental results demonstrate that the maximum content of nanoZrO2 in the electroforming Cu-ZrO2 composite is 2.94%, microhardness is 492 HV, which is significantly improved compared with pulse pure copper’s 337 HV, when the content of nanoZrO2 is 40 g/L, average cathodic current density is 4A/dm2, duty cycle is 0.2 , pulse frequency is 1100 Hz and ultrasonic power is 20w .The surface of composite prepared by pulse electroforming is more smooth, organization is denser, grain is finer and agglomeration of nanoZrO2 particles is fewer compared with Direct-current electroforming nanoZrO2 reinforced Cu-ZrO2 composite.

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