scholarly journals AGROTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF HARROW-CULTIVATOR

Author(s):  
V.Yu. Burdeha ◽  
V.V. Devin ◽  
V.S. Tkachuk

Using of combined tools in the system of soil preparation for sowing allows to reduce energy and labor costs per unit of cultivated products while maintaining soil fertility with maximum economic effect. When preparing the soil for sowing, it is important to create a fine-grained soil structure using simple machines and tools. The purpose of research is improving the quality of the structural condition of the soil in preparation for sowing using the simplest and most productive tools and machines, reducing the specific high-energy costs of preparing the soil for sowing crops. The use of a combination of working bodies for loosening the soil in one machine allows you to intensify the process of crushing the soil and expand the range of use of the machine or tool to prepare the soil for sowing crops. One of the ways to solve the problem of quality soil preparation for sowing crops is the use of high-performance combined multi-operational units, which in one pass provide loosening, leveling the soil surface and its necessary compaction. Such units prevent over-compaction of the soil, which is typical for traditional cultivation, and due to the formation of a well-dissolved surface layer reduce moisture evaporation. The comparative analysis of agrotechnical indicators of work of a harrow cultivator, which was executed on the basis of field tests, allowed to establish that increase of coefficient of quality of loosening of soil on 14 ... 17%, coefficient of quality of crushing on 10 ... 17,6% in comparison with serial harrows expands functionality of using a harrow-cultivator with experimental bending teeth allows to improve the quality of tillage, increase productivity and reduce energy costs.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Mamatov F.M. ◽  
Mirzaev B.S.

The purpose of the research is developing technology and technical tools for soil cultivation, which contributes water conservation and prevention of water erosion on sloping lands. The technology of soil cultivation on sloping lands exposed to water erosion, basic schemes and designs of a two-tier ripper and a plow for row-stepping plowing have been developed. The results of experimental and field tests of developed tools showed that they are significantly superior than the serial machines in terms of their main performance indicators, they help to preserve soil from water erosion, allow to improve the quality of soil cultivation, reduce energy costs, and increase the productivity of aggregates. Using two-level soil-ripper with inclined stands and a plow for stepped-stump plowing, allowed to reduce labor costs by 18.75 % and 14.4 %, fuel consumption by 19.12 % and 14.25 %, and increase labor productivity by 18.96 % and 14.28 %.


Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Julio Vivas ◽  
Juan Carlos Santos

Steel and concrete are fantastic materials that will continue to be fundamental in the future, but we cannot ignore their high energy costs and carbon footprint. As well as is expected a transition from fossils fuels to renewable energy sources, the change from fossil fuel-based building materials to renewables will also be inevitable in the future of construction.


Author(s):  
O. Larsen ◽  
O. Aleksandrova ◽  
V. Naruts ◽  
A. Polozov ◽  
A. Bakhrakh

Improving the technology of construction production contributes to improving the quality of construc-tion of hydraulic structures and their reliability. In recent decades, rolled compacted concrete has be-come widespread in the construction of dams in our country and in world practice. The technology of rolled compacted concrete in hydraulic engineering projects has a number of advantages: it reduces labor costs and expenses, allows fully mechanization the concreting process with implement of high-performance equipment, and thereby increases the rate of construction of massive structures. The use of mineral fillers in rolled concrete will reduce heat generation, contribute to a reduced adiabatic rise in the temperature of concrete, improve its performance and increase durability. The test method for assessing pozzolanic activity of volcanic scoria, fly ash, crushed powder of basalt and volcanic tuff by degree of absorbed lime from a saturated calcium hydroxide solution with a simultaneous change in volume is described. The studies have shown that volcanic scoria and crushed powder of basalt are additives with the lowest volume increase at the age of 30 days, they show the high pozzolanic proper-ties and can be selected as initial pozzolanic materials for production rolled compacted concrete with significant economic and environmental advantages.


Author(s):  
Ganesh Neelakanta Iyer ◽  
Pattabhi Mary Jyosthna ◽  
Suman Jonnalagadda

Due to the growing demand of businesses, enterprises are concentrating on performance improvement as well as investment reduction for their applications. Cloud Computing, an emerging technology which provides enormous services through internet is the best choice for the enterprises to improve their business performance and to reduce their capital budget. Cloud datacenters have thousands of servers to provide uninterrupted services to the consumers. These High Performance Computing systems consumes high energy, which leads to increase in Cloud Service Providers operational cost. Apart from the operational cost it also increases CO2 emission, which causes Global warming. So many researchers are evolving engineering techniques that are required to improve performance as well as optimization in power consumption. This chapter describes some of the techniques that are used to reduce operational cost, CO2 emission, SLA violation and able to maintain Quality of Service (QoS). It also describes about limitations on existing methods and further enhancement issues for better performance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
A. Wojenski ◽  
K. T. Pozniak ◽  
P. Linczuk ◽  
M. Chernyshova ◽  
G. Kasprowicz ◽  
...  

AbstractData quality of the tokamaks diagnostics is often a neglected topic. In literature it is rather rare to find considerations regarding the data quality received from the diagnostic systems’ sensors. The scope of the paper is to provide a discussion regarding systems’ construction and analysis in scope of implementation of data quality monitoring methods for a new generation of diagnostics. Mainly considerations are performed regarding the necessity of DQM (Data Quality Monitoring) implementation, functionality, performance and required system resources. The covered topics are related to basics of system construction including: system layout and construction blocks, data processing stages, signal processing modes, system construction with resource estimation in scope of DQM implementation. Based on the covered points, it is possible to plan the extra resources or specific construction, to provide reliable design with data quality monitoring features. The data quality monitoring aspect is especially important in the modern diagnostics working with a real-time feedback loop. Such approach could be especially interesting for the ITER-like projects, since the quality of the data may directly influence the behavior of the control systems during plasma phenomena. The work is based on experience in design work of various high performance diagnostic systems for plasma physics and high energy physics.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Эрманн Азон ◽  
Ermann Azon ◽  
Михаил Чернышов ◽  
Mikhail Chernyshov ◽  
Вячеслав Михин ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to the identification and study of the peculiarities of the structure, condition and growth of Scots pine plantations, created in the spring of 2007 on logging place. On test plots in cultures which are 6 and 9 years old, variability in the diameter of plant trunks at the soil surface (D0,0 m) and at the height of 1,3 m (D1,.3 m) has been studied. The character of their distribution along 1-centimeter steps of thickness was established. The variation of current plant growths in height according to the calendar years (2008-2016) was studied during their free growth a Artificial reforestation is one of the methods of sustainable reproduction of forests widely used in the forest districts of the European part of the Russian Federation. In order to assess growth and quality of close canopy pine forest cultures, to identify the features of their structure along the diameter, and to study the variation in annual increments in height in 6- and 9-year-old forest stands, trial plots were laid by the standard method. Statistical processing of data on the continuous counting of pine plants is made. It is established that the distribution curves of trees in 1-centimeter steps of thickness have a single-vertex character, similar to the "normal" distribution. For objective silvicultural and inventory characteristics of close canopy forest stands and their transfer to lands occupied by forest plantations, and also in order to reduce labor costs during their inspection and forest inventory operations, it is quite sufficient to measure diameters at the altitude of 1.3 m and a height of 5-7 medium-sized pine plants and calculate their respective arithmetic mean values. The revealed dependence between the diameter of plants at an altitude of 1.3 m and their diameter at the soil surface in close canopy forest stands can be used in calculating damage according to stumps, illegally felled young pine trees for New Year Holidays.


Author(s):  
A.V. Yanchenko ◽  
A.M. Menshikh ◽  
M.I. Azopkov ◽  
V.S. Golubovich

С развитием технологий производства и внедрением автоматизированных технологических процессов возникают повышенные требования к качеству посевного материала. Посевные качества семян, отвечающие требованиям ГОСТ 32592-2013 Семена овощных, бахчевых культур, кормовых корнеплодов и кормовой капусты. Сортовые и посевные качества. Общие технические условия , не всегда удовлетворяют требованиям, предъявляемым к семенам и их качеству. Для автоматизации посева семена должны быть выровнены по размеру, иметь высокие показатели энергии и лабораторной всхожести. Один из способов повышения посевных качеств семян перца сладкого доработка семян на пневмосортировальном столе с сепарацией семян по их удельной плотности, выполненности. Работа проводилась на экспериментальной базе ВНИИО филиала ФГБНУ ФНЦО и цеха доработки семян Агрохолдинга Поиск . В опытах изучались возможности подготовки семян с использованием пневмосортировального стола ПСС-1, изготовленного на Воронежском ОАО ГСКБ Зерномаш . Исследования проводили на семенах перца сладкого. При обработке выделяются и направляются в приемники пять фракций семян, условно легкие примеси, промежуточная фракция, две основных фракции очищенного материала и тяжелые примеси, в т.ч. минеральные частицы (камешки, песчинки, которые имеют одинаковый размер с семенами, но значительно их тяжелее). Для более качественного разделения фракций в приемниках предусмотрены разделительные заслонки, которые можно смещать относительно поступаемых семян с деки. В конструкции машины предусмотрена возможность изменения: угла продольного наклона деки от 0 до 8 град., угла поперечного наклона деки от 0 до 9 градусов, частоты колебаний деки от 300 до 500 кол/мин., и амплитуды позиционно 3 и 5 мм. Доработка семенного вороха на пневмосортировальном столе ПСС-1 дает возможность выделить семена с более высокими посевными качествами, пригодные для современных интенсивных точных технологий в овощеводстве. Основное направление реализации высококачественного семенного материала товарные производители. Несмотря на то, что стоимость высококачественных семян на порядок выше, положительно на экономический эффект влияет отказ от пикировки, высев семян перца напрямую в кассеты, и более качественная рассада, так как за счет энергии прорастания рассада растет более равномерно и дружно.With the development of production technologies and the introduction of automated technological processes, there are increased requirements for the quality of seed. Sowing quality of seeds that meet the requirements of GOST 32592-2013 Seeds of vegetables, melons, fodder root crops and fodder cabbage. Varietal and sowing qualities. General technical conditions do not always satisfy the requirements for seeds and their quality. To automate sowing, seeds must be aligned in size and have high energy and laboratory germination rates. One of the ways to improve the sowing qualities of seeds of sweet pepper is to refine the seeds on a pneumatic sorting table with separation of seeds according to their specific gravity, performance. The work was carried out on the experimental basis of ARRIVG branch Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center and the seed finishing shop of the Poisk agroholding. In the experiments, we studied the possibilities of preparing seeds using the PSS-1 pneumatic sorting table manufactured at the Voronezh GSKB Zernomash. During processing, five fractions of seeds, conditionally light impurities, an intermediate fraction, two main fractions of the purified material and heavy impurities are isolated and sent to the receivers, including mineral particles (pebbles, grains of sand, which are the same size with seeds, but they are much heavier). For a better separation of fractions, separators are provided in the receivers, which can be shifted relative to the incoming seeds from the deck. The design of the machine provides for the possibility of changing: the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the deck from 0 to 8 degrees., The angle of the transverse inclination of the deck from 0 to 9 degrees, the oscillation frequency of the deck from 300 to 500 counts/min., аnd the amplitude positionally 3 and 5 mm. Completion of the seed pile on the PSS-1 pneumatic sorting table makes it possible to select seeds with higher sowing qualities that are suitable for modern intensive precision technologies in vegetable growing. The main direction of the sale of high-quality seed material is commodity producers. Despite the fact that the cost of high-quality seeds is an order of magnitude higher, the positive effect on the economic effect is the refusal to pick, sowing pepper seeds directly into cassettes, and better seedlings, since seedling grows more uniformly and amicably due to the germination energy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 997-1006
Author(s):  
Boris Vasilyevich Zhadanovsky ◽  
Vladimir Evgenievich Bazanov

Stucco jobs make a considerable share in the total scope of finishing construction operations. Stucco jobs represent an intricate technology involving a great number of manual operations. Mechanization of stucco operations allows reducing labor costs on their performance and increasing labor productivity. This paper is aimed at the selection of optimal workplace practices during façade stucco jobs using powered tools to treat concrete and brick surfaces of outer walls of buildings and facilities. The paper discusses organizational and technological solutions in performing façade stucco jobs including workplace management, workflow process, and equipment and tools utilized. An overview of existent powered tools for the treatment of concrete and brick surfaces is given; the results of undertaken testing of milling tools for the treatment of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are analyzed. Based on the study findings, the authors have concluded that in the improvement of productivity and quality of façade finishing jobs, a great role belongs to correct (rational) organization of labor using the straightforward segmented workflow, performance of works by specialized crews of workers, and utilization of high-performance tools and appliances. Different locations and composition of surfaces being stuccoed require different types of powered tools. The development of new prototypes and the improvement of existent powered tools for surface treatment allows increasing efficiency and reducing the cost of work. New options of star inertia mills made of different materials for powered tools equipped with a flexible roll are suggested.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.


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