Body composition in relation to nutritional status and socio-environmental conditions in schoolchildren living in the urban periphery of La Plata, Argentina

The aim of this study was to evaluate body composition in relation to nutritional status and socio-environmental conditions of residence in schoolchildren living in the urban periphery of La Plata, Argentina. Weight, height, arm circumference and tricipital and subscapular skinfolds were measured in 3,284 schoolchildren aged 4-12 years in the period 2014-2017. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III reference was used to assess nutritional status, identifying the following categories: normal, underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity. Body composition was evaluated based on upper arm muscle area (UMA) and upper arm fat area (UFA). Deficit and excess UMA and UFA were also calculated. Central fat distribution was determined with the subscapular-tricipital index. Socio-environmental characteristics were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The prevalence of nutritional status and body composition indicators were compared by sex using Chi square test. Socio-environmental data were analyzed using categorical Principal Component Analysis, discriminating into more favorable and unfavorable conditions. Nutritional status results were as follows: normal, 64.5%; stunting, 3.4%; underweight, 0.0%; wasting, 0.1%; overweight, 15.6% and obesity 16.4%. The nutritional status of children worsened as the socio-environmental condition of their families became more precarious. Long-term socio-environmental stress manifested as decreased muscle tissue in normal, stunted, overweight and obese children. The current results evidence the strong impact of poverty on child growth and development and at the same time enforce the need for continuous monitoring of children with hidden malnutrition. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la composición corporal en relación al estado nutricional y las condiciones socio-ambientales de niños residentes en la periferia urbana de La Plata, Argentina. Sobre 3284 escolares de 4 a 12 años se evaluaron peso, talla, perímetro braquial y pliegues tricipital y subescapular, durante los años 2014-2017. Se determinaron, utilizando la referencia NHANES III, las categorías de estado nutricional Normal; Bajo Peso/Edad; Baja Talla/Edad; Bajo IMC/Edad; Sobrepeso y Obesidad, y para composición corporal, se calcularon las áreas muscular y grasa (UMA y UFA) y se estimaron los déficits y excesos de tejido muscular y graso. La adiposidad centralizada fue estimada con el índice subescapular-tricipital. Las características socio-ambientales se evaluaron mediante encuesta estructurada. Las prevalencias del estado nutricional y de los indicadores de composición corporal fueron estimados y comparados por sexos, mediante pruebas de Chi2. Los datos socio-ambientales se analizaron empleando Análisis de Componentes Principales categóricos y se discriminaron dos grupos: con condiciones más favorables y con condiciones desfavorables. Los resultados indicaron: 64.5% Normal, 3.4% Baja Talla/Edad, 0.0% Bajo Peso/Edad; 0.1% Bajo IMC/Edad; 15.6% Sobrepeso; 16.4% Obesidad. El estado nutricional de los niños empeoró cuando la calidad socio-ambiental de sus familias se hizo más precaria. Debido al estrés socio-ambiental continuo, los niños tuvieron disminución del tejido muscular, incluyendo aquellos con estado nutricional Normal, Baja Talla/Edad, Sobrepeso y Obesidad. Los resultados alcanzados evidencian la impronta que deja la pobreza e impone urgentemente el monitoreo continuo de niños "con desnutrición oculta".

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Upper Arm Composition as an Indicator of Body Composition and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Boys Aged 10-18 Years

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v35i2.13250 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 152-161

Author(s):

Jaydip Sen ◽

Nitish Mondal ◽

Partha Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

West Bengal ◽

Reference Population ◽

Community Settings ◽

Adolescent Boys ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Percentile Curves ◽

Standard Procedures

Introduction: The upper arm composition is usually assessed based on total upper arm area (TUA), upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA) and arm fat index (AFI). It is closely associated with assessment of body composition and nutritional status. The present study aims to determine the age specific variations in upper arm composition and its usefulness in the assessment of body composition and nutritional status among adolescent boys.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 964 boys (aged 10 – 18 years) and belonging to the indigenous Rajbanshi population of West Bengal, India. The boys were selected from five different sub-urban government secondary schools located under Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. The anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and TSF were recorded and upper arm composition was estimated based on TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI using standard procedures. The overall body composition was evaluated using body mass index (BMI).Results: There appears to be existence of significant age-specific variations in BMI, UMA and UFA as the boys approached higher ages. The age specific means of TUA, UMA and UFA increased with age. The adolescent boys were observed to be well below the 50th percentiles of the reference population in BMI, TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI. Age and sex-specific smooth percentile curves were derived for height, weight, TSF, BMI, UMA and UFA using the L, M and S modelling approach for further evaluation of body composition.Conclusion: The present study recommends the assessment of body composition and nutritional status to improve screening of nutritional status using upper arm composition, especially in community settings so as to accurately identify the risk of lower or greater adiposity and muscularity, and thereby proposing a major opportunity to improve health through proper intervention programmes.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):152-161

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Anthropometry and body composition of vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents under therapy with and without protease inhibitors

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014001591 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 1255-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lígia Cardoso dos Reis ◽

Patrícia Helen de Carvalho Rondó ◽

Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques ◽

Neuber José Segri

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Protease Inhibitors ◽

Body Fat ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the benefits of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been documented, it is thought to be associated to disturbances in nutritional status. These disturbances may occur early in life and are poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric parameters and body composition of perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents under HAART, according to use and non-use of protease inhibitors.DesignCross-sectional study undertaken between August and December 2007. Demographic, socio-economic, clinical and anthropometric data were collected from the patients. The χ2 test, Wilcoxon rank sum test (Mann–Whitney) and t test were used to compare the following variables between users and non-users of protease inhibitors: age, gender, per capita income, HAART exposure, antiretroviral therapy adopted in the last three years, CD4 count, viral load, pubertal stage, nutritional status (BMI-for-age, height-for-age, waist and neck circumferences, triceps skinfold thickness, body fat percentage, upper-arm fat area and upper-arm muscle area).SettingAn HIV/AIDS out-patient clinic, São Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsOne hundred and fifteen patients (children and adolescents aged 6–19 years).ResultsProtease inhibitors users had a higher prevalence of stunting (P=0·03), lower BMI (P=0·03) and lower percentage of body fat (P=0·05) compared with non-users. There was no statistically significant difference between the HAART regimens and measurements of fat adiposity.ConclusionsThe findings of the study suggest that children and adolescents under protease inhibitors are at higher risk of growth and development deviations, but not at risk of body fat redistribution.

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BODY COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-2803.201700000-02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 109-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ivi Ribeiro BACK ◽

Sonia Silva MARCON ◽

Natalia Moreno GAINO ◽

Daniela Salate Biagioni VULCANO ◽

Mariana de Souza DORNA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Body Composition ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The nutritional status of individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases is directly related to the severity of the disease and is associated with poor prognosis and the deterioration of immune competence. OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status and the body composition of outpatients with inflammatory bowel diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with clinical and nutritional assessment of patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Patients were classified according to the clinical activity through Crohn’s Disease Activity Index and Mayo Score. Nutritional assessment consisted of anthropometric measurements of current weight, height, mid-arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness and thickness of adductor policis muscle, with subsequent calculation of BMI, arm muscle circumference and the mid-arm muscle area (MAMA). The phase angle (PhA) and lean and fat mass were obtained with the use of electrical bioimpedance. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test or Fisher exact test, ANOVA and t-test. RESULTS We evaluated 141 patients of which 54 (38.29%) had Crohn’s disease and 87 (61.70%) ulcerative colitis. The mean age was 43.98 (±15.68) years in Crohn’s disease and 44.28 (±16.29) years for ulcerative colitis. Most of the patients were in clinical remission of the disease (Crohn’s disease: 88.89%; ulcerative colitis: 87.36%). Regarding the nutritional classification using BMI, it was found that 48.15% of Crohn’s disease patients were eutrophic and 40.74% were overweight or obese; among patients with ulcerative colitis, 52.87% were classified as overweight or obese. When considering the triceps skinfold, it was observed in both groups a high percentage of overweight and obesity (Crohn’s disease: 75.93%; ulcerative colitis: 72.42%). Crohn’s disease patients showed the most affected nutritional status according to the nutritional variables when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis (BMI: 24.88 kg/m² x BMI: 26.56 kg/m², P=0.054; MAMA: 35.11 mm x MAMA: 40.39 mm, P=0.040; PhA: 6.46° x PhA: 6.83°, P=0.006). CONCLUSION Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases have a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Crohn’s disease patients had more impaired anthropometric and body composition indicators when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis.

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Assessment of Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Handgrip Strength in Hemodialysis Patients

Galician Medical Journal ◽

10.21802/gmj.2020.3.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. E202034

Author(s):

Sevil Karahan Yılmaz ◽

Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Global Assessment ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Subjective Global Assessment ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Moderate Positive Correlation

In hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of malnutrition is high; a decrease in muscle strength is observed. The objective of the research was to evaluate the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients and the relationship between the nutritional status and muscle strength. Materials and Methods. Sixty hemodialysis patients (38 males, 22 females) were chosen from among volunteers. Food consumption, biochemical values, anthropometric measurements, body composition, physical activity status, subjective global assessment, and handgrip strength in individuals were examined. Results. According to subjective global assessment, 73.3% of patients were well-nourished, 26.7% of patients were moderately malnourished. In male patients, a moderate positive correlation was determined between handgrip strength and lean body mass (r=0.359, p<0.05), albumin level (r=0.408, p<0.05), energy intake (r=0.437, p<0.05), protein intake (r=0.345, p<0.05). In female patients, a moderate positive correlation was determined between handgrip strength and body weight (r=0.470, p<0.05), body mass index (r=0.472, p<0.05), triceps skinfold thickness (r=0.530, p<0.05), mid-upper arm circumference (r=0.515, p<0.05), mid-upper arm muscle circumference (r=0.557, p<0.05), lean body mass (r=0.470, p<0.05), body fat content (%) (r=0.588, p<0.05), albumin level (r=0.565, p<0.05). Conclusions. Handgrip strength alongside with more than one method of food consumption, biochemical parameters, subjective global assessment, anthropometric measurements, and body composition should be used for assessing the nutritional status in hemodialysis patients.

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Use of upper arm anthropometry, upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and midupper- arm-circumference (MUAC)-for-height as indicators of body composition and nutritional status among children

Anthropological Review ◽

10.1515/anre-2017-0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 85-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sampriti Debnath ◽

Nitish Mondal ◽

Jaydip Sen

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Arm Circumference

AbstractUpper arm anthropometry has a potential role to provide useful estimations of body composition and nutritional status. Aims of the present cross-sectional study were to assess body composition and nutritional status of rural school-going children using upper arm anthropometric measures such as upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for-height. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1281 children of West Bengal, India (boys 619, girls 662) aged 5-12 years and selected using a stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and triceps skinfold (TSF) were recorded. Body composition and nutritional status were assessed using upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA), UAMAH and MUAC-forheight. Age-sex-specific overall adiposity in TSF, UFA, arm fat index and upper-arm fat area estimates were higher among girls than boys (p<0.01), but UMA and upper-arm muscle area estimates were observed to be higher among boys than girls (p<0.05). High prevalence of undernutrition was found among both boys (53.15%) and girls (41.69%) using UAMAH (p<0.01). The overall prevalence of low MUAC-forheight was higher among boys (28.59%) than girls (25.68%) (p>0.05). Upper arm anthropometric measures, UAMAH and MUAC-for-height are useful for assessment of body composition and nutritional status among children.

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Presión arterial elevada en niños y adolescentes residentes en áreas periurbanas de la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina

Salud Uninorte ◽

10.14482/sun.36.1.616.85 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 62-80

Author(s):

María Florencia Cesani ◽

Fabián Anibal Quintero ◽

María Antonia Luis ◽

María Fernanda Torres ◽

Mariela Garraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Principal Component ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Family Socioeconomic Status ◽

La Plata ◽

Peripheral Areas ◽

The City

Objective: The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure in schoolchildren aged 4-14 years from urban peripheral areas of the city of La Plata, and analyze variations in high blood pressure prevalence by sex, age, excess weight and family socioeconomic status. Materials and methods: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight and height were measured in 3,312 schoolchildren of both sexes. The prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP), overweight and obesity was calculated. Socioeconomic information was obtained through a semi-structured survey and processed by categorical principal-component analysis. The prevalence of HBP was compared with sex, age and nutritional status (chi square test) and family socioeconomic status (generalized linear model) (p< 0.05.). Results: The results showed that the prevalence of HBP, was 20.5% and that it varied by age, nutritional status and family socioeconomic status. Sexual differences were observed only in HBP obese schoolchildren. Conclusions: Children and adolescents living in urban peripheral areas of the city of La Plata, Argentina, presented higher HBP prevalence. While HBP prevalence was higher among overweight/obese children, those aged >8 years and those of more favorable family socioeconomic status, sex did not affect HBP development. However, when HBP was analyzed associated with nutritional status, obese boys were more likely to have HBP than girls.

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Socio-environmental conditions, intestinal parasitic infections and nutritional status in children from a suburban neighborhood of La Plata, Argentina

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.06.015 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (3) ◽

pp. 184-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

María I. Gamboa ◽

Graciela T. Navone ◽

Alicia B. Orden ◽

María F. Torres ◽

Luis E. Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

La Plata

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Wybrane pomiary antropometryczne i MNA (mini nutritional assessment) a niektóre czynniki predykcyjne niedożywienia osób starszych

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.21164/pomjlifesci.489 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Mariola Głowacka ◽

Beata Haor ◽

Paulina Zabielska ◽

Anna Jurczak ◽

Monika Biercewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Elderly People ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Senior Citizens ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

The Elderly ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Initiating Factors

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To a vast extent the body’s ageing process affects changes in the human nutritional status and body composition. The nutritional status of elderly people is assessed by means of nutritional history, physical examinations, somatometric measurements, biochemical and immunological tests. Moreover, survey tools (questionnaires, scales) are used in order to perform a screening and in-depth analysis of food intake and nutrition in the elderly. Today, an accurate assessment of body composition is conducted by means of specialist devices, such as those used for bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry.The objective of the thesis was to analyse the usage of selected anthropometric measurements in correspondence with an mini nutritional assessment (MNA) in studies on the identification of undernourishment in seniors, with consideration of some of the initiating factors of nourishment disorders in the population of the elderly.Methods: A review of articles considered essential from the point of view of the study objective was performed by analysing the PubMed database. The search query used was: “mini nutritional assessment MNA elderly”.Results: Nutritional status measured with the MNA may evaluate the way seniors feel. Overweight and obesity usually results in a worse assessment of the quality of the elderly’s life. A disordered nutritional status could stem from a range of medical, psychological and social factors.Conclusions: The results of anthropometric measurements are essential for an optimal identification of the risk of undernourishment in senior citizens by means of an MNA. They also complement information onthe initiating factors of eating disorders in the population of elderly people. In order to be able to widely use anthropometric measurements to complement knowledge on the nutritional status of the elderly, it is indispensable to conduct studies among healthy senior citizens to obtain information that will serve as reference data.

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