FEATURES OF LIPID METABOLISM OF THE INDIGENOUS INHABITANTS OF GORNYI ALTAI

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Анатольевна Чанчаева ◽  
Роман Иделевич Айзман ◽  
Сергей Сергеевич Сидоров
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Gornyi Altai ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Оценивали параметры липидного обмена в связи с питанием коренного населения Горного Алтая. Выявлено высокое потребление насыщенных и мононенасыщенных жирных кислот, которое у мужчин обратно пропорционально концентрации холестерина в плазме крови. Данная закономерность свидетельствует об активности системы, обеспечивающей липидный гомеостаз. The parameters of lipid metabolism in connection with the nutrition of the indigenous population of the Altai Mountains were evaluated. High consumption of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was found, which in men is inversely proportional to the concentration of cholesterol in blood plasma. This pattern indicates the activity of the system that provides lipid homeostasis.

Research indices of esterified fatty acids in blood plasma in persons with vibration pathology

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
O.M. Zhurba ◽  
A.V. Merinov ◽  
A.N. Alekseenko ◽  
I.V. Kudaeva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in skeletal muscle function and metabolism

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (7) ◽  
pp. E767-E775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis D. Stamatikos ◽  
Chad M. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Scd1 Expression

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) converts saturated fatty acids (SFA) into monounsaturated fatty acids and is necessary for proper liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle lipid metabolism. While there is a wealth of information regarding SCD1 expression in the liver, research on its effect in skeletal muscle is scarce. Furthermore, the majority of information about its role is derived from global knockout mice, which are known to be hypermetabolic and fail to accumulate SCD1's substrate, SFA. We now know that SCD1 expression is important in regulating lipid bilayer fluidity, increasing triglyceride formation, and enabling lipogenesis and may protect against SFA-induced lipotoxicity. Exercise has been shown to increase SCD1 expression, which may contribute to an increase in intramyocellular triglyceride at the expense of free fatty acids and diacylglycerol. This review is intended to define the role of SCD1 in skeletal muscle and discuss the potential benefits of its activity in the context of lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, exercise training, and obesity.

scholarly journals SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ascenzi ◽  
Claudia De Vitis ◽  
Marcello Maugeri-Saccà ◽  
Christian Napoli ◽  
Gennaro Ciliberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Cancer Heterogeneity ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Mutual Regulation ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Proliferation And Metastasis

Abstract Background Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components and recycles them for other cellular functions. Over the years, a mutual regulation between lipid metabolism and autophagy has been uncovered. Methods This is a narrative review discussing the connection between SCD1 and the autophagic process, along with the modality through which this crosstalk can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. Results Fatty acids, depending on the species, can have either activating or inhibitory roles on autophagy. In turn, autophagy regulates the mobilization of fat from cellular deposits, such as lipid droplets, and removes unnecessary lipids to prevent cellular lipotoxicity. This review describes the regulation of autophagy by lipid metabolism in cancer cells, focusing on the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the key enzyme involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. SCD1 plays an important role in cancer, promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. The role of autophagy in cancer is more complex since it can act either by protecting against the onset of cancer or by promoting tumor growth. Mounting evidence indicates that autophagy and lipid metabolism are tightly interconnected. Conclusion Here, we discuss controversial findings of SCD1 as an autophagy inducer or inhibitor in cancer, highlighting how these activities may result in cancer promotion or inhibition depending upon the degree of cancer heterogeneity and plasticity.

To the pathogenesis and clinic of nephrosis

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
A. G. Teregulov
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Plasma Proteins ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Clinically, with nephrosis, we observe edema, albuminuria, lipoiduria, which, as follows from the data of modern clinics, along with changes in the kidneys, largely depend on the general suffering of the body disorders of protein and lipid metabolism. Indeed, studies have established that with nephrosis there are deep biochemical shifts - a decrease in blood plasma proteins, a change in the ratio of the protein fraction of the blood towards globulins, an increase in the content of fibrinogen, uric acid, a decrease in osmotic pressure and, finally, in parallel with a change in protein metabolism and changes in fat-lipoid metabolism - hypercholesterolemia.

BLOOD FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN COWS DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION IN SUMMER PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Hryshchuk ◽  
◽  
V. I. Karpovskyi ◽  
V. V. Danchuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Coordination of physiological activity and intensity of metabolism in various organs and tissues of a productive animal, depending on environmental conditions and own needs, is provided by the regulatory activity of the corresponding nerve centers. However, the features of the autonomic regulation of the nervous system in this matter can have a significant impact not only on the physiological activity of animals but also on their productivity. Therefore, the question of studying the influence of autonomic regulation on the animal body in general and the interaction of the autonomic system and lipid metabolism is quite relevant. Groups of animals were formed by determining the state of the cardiovascular system according to Baevskyi. Blood plasma was used for the study, lipid extraction was performed by the Folch method. Fatty acid analysis was performed on a Trace GC Ultra gas chromatograph (USA) with a flame ionization detector. Studies have shown that the relative content of saturated fatty acids in blood of normotonics was the highest compared with other groups: sympathotonics – by 1.9%; vagotonics – 0.48%. Regarding the concentration of saturated fatty acids in sympathotonics, it should be noted that the content of stearic acid was the highest (18.07 ± 0.01; P < 0.001) and saturated fatty acids from C6 to C16 were characterized by the lowest values (P < 0.01–0.05) in comparison with other groups The total content of unsaturated fatty acids in blood plasma of sympathotonics and vagotonics was 1.19% and 0.49% higher, respectively, compared with normotonics. Quite interesting is the fact that sympathotonics were characterized by the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the content of which decreased in the range C18:2n6 > C20:4n6 > C18:3n3 > C22:6n3 > C22:5n3, a similar sequence we observed in other groups, although the relative concentration of acids could fluctuate. Normotonics were characterized by the highest levels of some polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3n3, C22:5n3, C22:6n3) (P < 0.05-0.01), while levels of some unsaturated fatty acids (C18: 1n9, C20: 3n6) were the lowest. Thus, the type of nervous activity has a significant effect on the ratio of fatty acids in blood plasma of cows and autonomous regulation affects the metabolic processes in the animal’s body.

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