scholarly journals Improvement of Tannase Production from Bacillus Bacteria by Submerged Fermentation of Spent Tea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Al Haddad ◽  
Mohamad Tahla ◽  
Lina Al Amir
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid and glucose. This enzyme is of importance due to its numerous applications in many fields, such as in the food industry by enhancing tea and coffee flavor and improving the quality of fruit juices rich in tannins. Tannase is also of importance in improving the quality of animal feed. Gallic acid is applied in the drug industry, and the production of antioxidants is used in the oil industry. This study was carried out to improve production of tannase from genus Bacillus using spent tea as a substrate by submerged fermentation and applying the statistical design Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Five parameters were considered, and each parameter was studied at five levels. They were temperature range (25 to 45˚C), pH (3–8), incubation period (24–120 hours), spent tea (0.5–2.5%) and rotation speed (100–300rpm). Results obtained revealed that optimum conditions for maximum production of tannase were: temperature at 35˚C, pH at 5, incubation time of 48 hours, spent tea concentration 1.5%, and rotation speed of 150 rpm. We recommend that further studies be carried out to clarify and determine the properties of crude and purified enzymes.

Study on Advanced Treatment of Pulping and Papermaking Process Effluent by Immobilized Laccase

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 712-715
Author(s):  
Sen Wang ◽  
An Long Zhang ◽  
Xin Ping Li ◽  
Zhao Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Immobilized Laccase ◽  
Papermaking Wastewater

The lacasse was immobilized by sodium alginate for papermaking wastewater treatment. The influence of the important factors on the treatment effect was studied by single factor test; and the optimized condition of immobilized lacasse treating papermaking wastewater was investigated by orthogonal test. The result shows that the optimum conditions are pH4, reaction time is 24h, shaker rotation speed is 160r/min, and reaction temperature is 40°C. The decoloring rate reach 73.3%, the COD removing rate is more than67.2%, the average CODCr and chroma of the treated water respectively are 98.3mg/L and 45.4times, The quality of the final water not only can completely satisfies the new discharge standard, but also the recycle requirements.

scholarly journals Dried Destoned Virgin Olive Pomace: A Promising New By-Product from Pomace Extraction Process

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4337
Author(s):  
Cinzia Benincasa ◽  
Massimiliano Pellegrino ◽  
Lucia Veltri ◽  
Salvatore Claps ◽  
Carmelo Fallara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

At present the olive oil industry produces large amounts of secondary products once considered waste or by-products. In this paper, we present, for the first time, a new interesting olive by-product named “dried destoned virgin olive pomace” (DDVOP), produced by the pomace oil industry. The production of DDVOP is possible thanks to the use of a new system that differs from the traditional ones by having the dryer set at a lower temperature value, 350 °C instead of 550 °C, and by avoiding the solvent extraction phase. In order to evaluate if DDVOP may be suitable as a new innovative feeding integrator for animal feed, its chemical characteristics were investigated. Results demonstrated that DDVOP is a good source of raw protein and precious fiber; that it is consistent in total phenols (6156 mg/kg); rich in oleic (72.29%), linoleic (8.37%) acids and tocopherols (8.80 mg/kg). A feeding trial was, therefore, carried out on sheep with the scope of investigating the influence of the diet on the quality of milk obtained from sheep fed with DDVOP-enriched feed. The resulting milk was enriched in polyunsaturated (0.21%) and unsaturated (2.42%) fatty acids; and had increased levels of phenols (10.35 mg/kg) and tocopherols (1.03 mg/kg).

Pengaruh Tekanan Roller dengan Variasi Diameter Roll pada Mesin Pencacah Rumput Pakan Ternak Ruminansia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Didik Sugiyanto ◽  
Herry Susanto ◽  
Husen Asbanu ◽  
Agil Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Diameter Variation ◽  
The Press ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Sample Measurement

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil pengepresan rumput gajah dengan membandingkan menggunakan variasi diameter mesin press roll pada mesin pencacah rumput agar dapat mengetahui hasil yang maksimal dan mengetahui variasi diameter mana yang paling baik digunakan oleh peternak untuk mempermudah peternak dalam mengolah pakan ternak agar kualitas pakan ternak yang lebih baik dan membantu peternak untuk mempermudah proses produksi peranjangan rumput dengan waktu yang lebih singkat. Hasil pengukuran sampel menunjukan bahwa pada variasi dengan menggunakan diameter roll A dengan ukuran 75 mm adalah menghasilkan kecepatan putaran roll tercepat sebesar 0,027 rpm dan variasi dengan menggunakan diameter roll B dengan kadar air sebesar 1,2 kg adalah menghasilkan kadar air terbanyak untuk mendapatkan hasil press rumput yang diinginkan.Kata kunci: roller, mesin pencacah, pakan ternak, ruminansia AbstractThe purpose of this study was to see the results of pressing elephant grass by comparing using the diameter variation of the press roll machine on the grass chopper in order to see the maximum results and see which variations are best used by breeders to make it easier for breeders to process animal feed so that the quality of animal feed is better. better and help farmers to facilitate the elongation production process in a shorter time. The sample measurement results show that the variation using roll diameter A with a size of 75 mm is to produce the fastest roll rotation speed of 0.027 rpm and variations using roll diameter B with an air content of 1.2 kg is to produce the highest air content to get the best grass press. desired.Keywords: rollers, crusher machines, animal feed, ruminants

Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar Terhadap Hasil Coran pada Metode Pengecoran Sentrifugal dalam Pembuatan Produk Pisau Pakan Ternak dengan Material Ni-Hard1

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roni Kusnowo ◽  
Kus Hanaldi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Centrifugal Casting ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Gravity Casting ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Optimal Speed ◽  
Mold Making

Animal feed knife is a tool that serves to cut and chop animal feed consisting of grass as the main ingredient with additives such as bran, herbs, centrate, cassava, tofu pulp and others. Therefore, as a cutting tool must have the properties of friction resistance, impact resistance, and have good sharpness, so that the material chosen is Ni-Hard 1. The use of centrifugal casting method was chosen because it has the advantage of being able to make castings with relatively thin thickness this is due to the influence of the centrifugal force on the distribution of metal liquids throughout the cavity in the mold. Case study in this study is the use of centrifugal casting methods as an alternative to gravity casting methods to overcome defects of misruns. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of speed on the formation of castings products. The method that was carried out began with a literature study on centrifugal casting, and continued by determining the material, the temperature of the cast is in the range 1250ºC - 1300ºC, and the type of mold. The next step is to do work drawings, pattern making, mold making, casting processes, fettling processes, and analysis. With variations in speed of 200 rpm, 300 rpm and 400 rpm, it can be seen the optimal speed for making this product. The results of this study obtained optimal speed at a speed of 300 rpm to make good quality of animal feed knife products.

Effect of Rotation Speed on the Quality of Friction Welded AA 6061/AA 7075 Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
Ayhan Orhan ◽  
Yücel Asma
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Aa 7075

scholarly journals Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of tannase fromLactobacillus plantarum

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingbo Wu ◽  
Xiaohong Peng ◽  
Hua Wen ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Qianming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ester Bond ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
Data Set ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vapour Diffusion ◽  
Serine Esterases ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Tannase catalyses the hydrolysis of the galloyl ester bond of tannins to release gallic acid. It belongs to the serine esterases and has wide applications in the food, feed, beverage, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The tannase fromLactobacillus plantarumwas cloned, expressed and purified. The protein was crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method with microseeding. The crystals belonged to space groupP1, with unit-cell paramtersa= 46.5,b= 62.8,c= 83.8 Å, α = 70.4, β = 86.0, γ = 79.4°. Although the enzyme exists mainly as a monomer in solution, it forms a dimer in the asymmetric unit of the crystal. The crystals diffracted to beyond 1.60 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation and a complete data set was collected to 1.65 Å resolution.

scholarly journals β-Mannanase Production Using Coffee Industry Waste for Application in Soluble Coffee Processing

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Favaro ◽  
Ilton Baraldi ◽  
Fernanda Casciatori ◽  
Cristiane Farinas
Keyword(s):  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Enzymatic Extract ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Soluble Coffee

Soluble coffee offers the combined benefits of high added value and practicality for its consumers. The hydrolysis of coffee polysaccharides by the biochemical route, using enzymes, is an eco-friendly and sustainable way to improve the quality of this product, while contributing to the implementation of industrial processes that have lower energy requirements and can reduce environmental impacts. This work describes the production of hydrolytic enzymes by solid-state fermentation (SSF), cultivating filamentous fungi on waste from the coffee industry, followed by their application in the hydrolysis of waste coffee polysaccharides from soluble coffee processing. Different substrate compositions were studied, an ideal microorganism was selected, and the fermentation conditions were optimized. Cultivations for enzymes production were carried out in flasks and in a packed-bed bioreactor. Higher enzyme yield was achieved in the bioreactor, due to better aeration of the substrate. The best β-mannanase production results were found for a substrate composed of a mixture of coffee waste and wheat bran (1:1 w/w), using Aspergillus niger F12. The enzymatic extract proved to be very stable for 24 h, at 50 °C, and was able to hydrolyze a considerable amount of the carbohydrates in the coffee. The addition of a commercial cellulase cocktail to the crude extract increased the hydrolysis yield by 56%. The production of β-mannanase by SSF and its application in the hydrolysis of coffee polysaccharides showed promise for improving soluble coffee processing, offering an attractive way to assist in closing the loops in the coffee industry and creating a circular economy.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo C Antunes ◽  
Nara Cristina Ristow ◽  
Ana Cristina R Krolow ◽  
Sílvia Carpenedo ◽  
Carlos Reisser Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Yield And Quality

The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the experimental unit was composed of 8 plants. The harvest began in the first half of August, extending to the second half of December, totalling 20 weeks. Plarionfre, Earlibrite and Festival cultivars showed higher production from the first half of October until the end of the first half of November. Camarosa reached higher productivity, mass of plants and fruit weight. There were no differences between the evaluated cultivars in the levels of TSS, antocianin, ATT and pH during the period of evaluation.

Reaction Kinetics for the Hydrolysis of Titanium Isopropoxide Carboxylate Complexes

1992 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Gagliardi ◽  
Dilum Dunuwila ◽  
Beatrice A. Van Vlierberge-Torgerson ◽  
Kris A. Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Molecular Precursors ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACTTitanium alkoxides modified by carboxylic acids have been widely studied as the molecular precursors to ceramic materials. These alkoxide complexes have also been very useful in the formation of stable, porous, optically clear films having many novel applications such as chemical sensors, catalytic supports, and ion-exchange media. To improve the processing of these materials, it is essential to better understand the kinetics of the chemical transformations which occur.The kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction are studied for selected carboxylic acids using Raman spectroscopy to probe the chemistry of the process. The study has a special emphasis on the titanium isopropoxide-valeric acid system due to the superior quality of these films over other carboxylates. Greater knowledge of the hydrolysis kinetics allows increased control over the quality of the film materials and should be of general interest to those working with modified metal alkoxides.

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