scholarly journals INDIRECT TAXATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONSHIP: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ASIAN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Azam Khan ◽  
Muhammad Muhammad Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Indirect Taxation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Indirect Taxes

The chief aim of the study to explore the consequence of indirect taxes on economic growth in the Asian Countries and used the panel data of 12 (twelve) Asian countries for period of 1996 to 2018 and used PMG techniques to estimate the model. This study found that the gross capital formation, political stability, labor force, inward FDI, human capital and taxes on goods and services have encouraging while domestic credit to private investment have adverse and significant consequence on economic growth in long term. The labor force and taxes on goods and services and political stability have encouraging and noteworthy consequence on economic growth in short term while gross capital formation, human capital, inward FDI, DCP have insignificant short-term consequence on economic growth. The TGS (taxes on goods and services) have encouraging and noteworthy effect on economic growth in Bangladesh, Iran, Nepal, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Bhutan while have harmful and significant effect on economic growth in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippine and Japan. This study concluded that the indirect taxation has encouraging and noteworthy effect on economic growth in the Asia. Moreover, the effect of indirect taxes was very from country to country dues its economic situation. The Political stability (PS) have also noteworthy effect on economic growth. This study recommended that indirect taxes are more helpful to collect the revenue with the presences of political stability.

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Sacchidananda Mukherjee ◽  
Shivani Badola
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Transfers ◽  
Distribution Of Resources

Role of public financing of human development (HD) is inevitable, especially for developing countries like India where access to resources and economic opportunities are not equitably distributed among people. Governments aim to achieve equity in distribution of resources through allocative and redistributive policies whereas macroeconomic stabilisation policies aim to achieve higher economic growth and stability in the price level. Expenditure policies of the governments envisage in delivering larger public goods and services to enable people to take part in economic activities by investing in human capital and infrastructure developments. Progressivity of the tax system helps in achieving equity by redistribution of resources among people. Being merit goods, expenditures on education, health, and poverty eradication make it a case for public investment which empowers people to improve human capital. The benefit of universal economic participation is expected to contribute in larger mobilisation of public resources over time. Lack of economic opportunities and earning a respectable income may increase dependence on public transfers which may reduce fiscal space of the governments to finance programmes to promote overall economic growth. The objective of this article is to review existing studies on public financing of HD in India and highlight emerging challenges.

Intensifying effects of COVID-19 on economic growth, logistics performance, environmental sustainability and quality management: evidence from Asian countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Yichen Shen ◽  
Marcos Ferasso ◽  
Idiano D’Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services

Purpose This study aims to explore the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on exports of goods and services, logistics performance, environmental management system (ISO 14001) certification and quality management system (ISO 9001) certification in top affected Asian countries of India, Iran, Indonesia, Philippines, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach A novel grey relational analysis models’ approach is used to examine the inter-relationship between COVID-19 economic growth and environmental performance. Moreover, the authors applied a conservative (maximin) model to investigate which countries have the least intensifying affected among all of the top affected COVID-19 Asian countries based on the SS degree of grey relation values. The data used in this study was collected from multiple databases during 2020 for analysis. Findings Results indicate that the severity of COVID-19 shows a strong negative association and influence of COVID-19 on the exportation of goods and services, logistics performance, ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications in all the six highly affected countries during a pandemic outbreak. Although the adverse effects of COVID-19 in exporting countries persisted until December 31, 2020, their magnitude decreased over time in Indonesia and Pakistan. During the COVID-19 outbreak, Pakistan showed comparatively better performance among the six top highly affected Asian countries due to its smart locked down strategy and prevents its economy from severe damages. While India and Iran export drastically go down due to a rapid increase in the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Research limitations/implications The research findings produce much-required policy suggestions for leaders, world agencies and governments to take corrective measures on an emergent basis to prevent the economies from more damages and improve their logistics, environmental and quality performance during the pandemic of COVID-19. Originality/value This study develops a framework and investigates the intensifying effects of COVID-19 effects on economic growth, logistics performance, environmental performance and quality production processes.

scholarly journals The Causality between Education and GDP Growth in Asian Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehrara ◽  
Maysam Musai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Educational Investments

This paper investigates the causal relationship between education and GDP in 40 Asian countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2010. A three-variable model is formulated with capital formation as the third variable. The results show a strong causality from investment and economic growth to education in these countries. Yet, education does not have any significant effects on GDP and investment in short- and long-run. It means that it is the capital formation and GDP that drives education in mentioned countries, not vice versa. So the findings of this paper support the point of view that it is higher economic growth that leads to higher education proxy. It seems that as the number of enrollments raise, the quality of the education declines. Moreover, the formal education systems are not market oriented in these countries. This may be the reason why huge educational investments in these developing countries fail to generate higher growth. By promoting practice-oriented training for students particularly in technical disciplines and matching education system to the needs of the labor market, it will help create long-term jobs and improve the country’s future prospects.

Investigating the Role of Regional Economic Integration on Growth: Fresh Insights from South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 097491012097480
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibrahim Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic

Regional economic integration is the key to achieving prosperity and stability. However, intra-regional trade in South Asia accounts for not more than 5%–6% of their total trade. This study aims to examine the role played by regional economic integration in determining the economic growth of South Asian countries over the period 1980–2015. Since shocks in one country may affect another country in the region, this is taken into account in the article by employing methodologies that are robust to cross sectional dependence. Specifically, continuously-updated and bias-corrected (CupBC) of Bai et al. (2009) and Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test (2012) have been employed to estimate long-run coefficients and determine the direction of relationship among the variables, respectively. The findings suggest that economic integration increases economic growth significantly in this region. However, contrary to popular belief, both democracy and human capital are negatively related to economic growth. Bidirectional causality is found between economic integration and democracy, regional integration and human capital, democracy and human capital and, democracy and labor. This study also presents several policy implications for South Asian countries.

Zur Verzahnung von Familienpolitik und Bildungspolitik: eine wirtschaftspolitische Einordnung

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hüther ◽  
Hans-Peter Klös ◽  
Susanne Seyda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Human Capital Formation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article addresses the relationship between two policies that are to ensure wealth and economic growth: family policy and educational policy. Current demographic changes in Germany are widely expected to have a negative impact on economic growth. One way to tackle this problem is to devise a family policy that takes into account current demographic developments and encourages young people to set up a family of their own. A second major determinant of future wealth is the formation of human capital. This article analyzes measures relating to both family policy and human capital formation. Particular attention is devoted to links and synergetic effects between the two policy variables.

Political uncertainty will deter investment in Fiji

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
Regional Demand ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Outlook

Subject The economic outlook for Fiji. Significance Fiji has returned to political stability and a degree of international legitimacy in recent years, albeit in a context of poor to moderate economic growth. GDP growth of 4.0 % is forecast for 2015, but the outlook for Fiji's main industries (tourism, gold and services) remains stagnant as aggregate regional demand for resources slumps and Fiji's comparative advantage as a regional services hub erodes. Impacts The government will actively promote FDI to boost Fiji's lacklustre economic growth prospects. The government will promote agriculture and fisheries to provide opportunities for disadvantaged rural and ethnic populations. Foreign investment in tourism will probably increase slowly as demand from Asian countries grows. Fiji's dominance in the South Pacific economy will likely diminish as advances in ICT allow it to be bypassed. Ways must be found to prevent loss of trained and educated personnel if Fiji is to maintain its central role.

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