scholarly journals British soldiers at Imandra station in 1919: a historical commentary on one photo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-2021) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
E. O. Sushko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
The State ◽  
British Army ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Landscape ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Murmansk Region

The article contains an interpretation of one photo of the British interventionists, taken in 1919 at the Imandra station, from the State Archive of the Murmansk region. The historical commentary is based on the study of a wide range of sources. It includes a description of the British soldiers, their position in the hierarchy of the British army in 1919, the conditions of their stay on Murman, a description of their uniforms, as well as the building near which the photo was taken, which has survived to the present time. According to the author, the Imandra station is an integral part of the Khibiny historical landscape associated with the time of the Civil War and the intervention.

scholarly journals “Party Work Lapses”: Crisis Phenomena in the RCP (B) Organizations in the Vyatka Gubernia in Late 1918 - the First Half of 1919: From Archival Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 458-466
Author(s):  
Yuri N. Timkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Party Organizations ◽  
Eastern Front ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Party Work

The article draws on archival materials of the State Archive of the Kirov Region and those of the State Archive of Social and Political History of the Kirov Region to examine the development of uezd organizations of the ARCP (B) in the Vyatka gubernia in late 1918 and the first half of 1919. In late 1918 the Vyatka gubernia became the Civil War battleground. When Perm was taken, the White Guard began to threaten Vyatka. Meanwhile, the political situation in the gubernia was tense; peasants, townspeople, and workers had their grievances against the Bolshevik policies. The existing uezd organizations of the ARCP (B) were unprepared to work in the immediate battle area. Fearing for the fate of the Eastern front, the Central Committee of the party sent a commission to Vyatka headed by Stalin and Dzerzhinsky. It was to carry out a wide range of measures to reorganize party and Soviet work. The power was taken by the Military Revolutionary Committee. The novelty of the study is in the fact that archival materials are used to assess the circumstances of the ARCP (B) organizations. These circumstances can be defined as those of a permanent crisis; the party organizations were ill-adapted to the extraordinary conditions of the Civil War. The narrowing of the party’s social base caused, first of all, by food policies forced the gubernia committee to cleanse party organizations and staff them up with well trusted personnel. The author has introduced into scientific use some previously unknown facts. The analysis of archival material allows to conclude that party work lapsed because party organizations seemed ineffective in the days of the anti-Soviet uprisings of summer and autumn of 1918 and while the Civil War raged. Conflicts, squabbles, intra-party struggles became an everyday occurrence. Party organizations constantly faced infiltration of persons with opposing views who sought to avoid mobilization or improve their financial situation.

scholarly journals The Poliarnaia Kochegarka Newspaper as a Source on the Soviet Mining on Spitsbergen in the 1930–1980s

Nordlit ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Portsel
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Local Levels

Copies of the Poliarnaia kochegarkanewspaper, published by the Russian/Soviet mining trust Arktikugol and stored in the State Archive of the Murmansk Region (GAMO), contain a wealth of material which emerged after a systematic coverage, for nearly half a century, of various aspects of the development of the Svalbard (Spitsbergen) archipelago, from Stalin’s times to the late Soviet period. In the newspaper, one can find a wide range of topics and genres, from the official publications both at the state and the local levels to sketches of polar dwellers’ everyday life. Poliarnaia kochegarka’s articles help readers to trace the development of Arktikugol’s capacities and the formation of normal living conditions in the Soviet Arctic settlements on the archipelago. Poliarnaia kochegarkaalso contains many observations on the Norwegian mines on Svalbard. Its particular interest, however, consists in various historical surveys and the information about the international contacts on the archipelago. 

The development of the movement for the communist labour at the Tyumen shipbuilding plant in days of the seven-year plan (1959-1965): the experience of microhistorical study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Pashin ◽  
Natalia S. Vasikhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the study of the movement for communist labour at the Tyumen Shipbuilding Plant during the period of the seven-year plan (1959-1965). The authors seek to fill a historical narrative with the particular facts connected with the peculiarities and specifics of such phenomenon as the movement for communist labour. They consider it in the context of microhistory and as the most important element of production routine. The employees of the largest industrial enterprise of Soviet Tyumen — Shipbuilding Plant in concrete historical circumstances came under the spotlight of the authors. The submitted article is written with attraction of a wide range of archival documents, taken from the funds of the State Archive of the Tyumen Region and also funds of the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tyumen Region. Having studied the documents the authors come to conclusion that the movement for communist labour had little effect on the production progress of the plant employees.

Rural communes and Soviet farms on the eve and during the peasant rebellion of 1920–1921

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Vladimir B. Bezgin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
First Time ◽  
Collective Farms

We examine the state of communes and farms, the attitude of the rural population to their organization and activities, as well as the state of collective farms on the eve and during the Tambov rebellion of 1920–1921. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need for a scien-tific understanding of the problem of insurrection in the Civil War and its manifestation in the form of a peasant rebellion led by A.S. Antonov. The purpose of the study is to establish the fate of collective farms during the armed protest of the Tambov peasants. The work was carried out on the basis of a wide range of archival sources, some of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The analysis of the problem is carried out taking into account the achievements of modern historiography of the issue and the use of scientific tools of advanced methodological approaches. We apply the entire arsenal of methods of historical research based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. It is established that the armed raids of rebel detachments on agricultural communes, Soviet farms were due to the need of the partisans for food, horses, forage, and the active participation of the local population in them stemmed from their view of the land and property of collective farms as rightfully belonging to them.

scholarly journals LETTERS “TO THE AUTHORITIES” AS A SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF STUDENT LIFE DURING THE CIVIL WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
A. N. Eremeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Student Mobilization

The article is devoted to student letters "to the authorities" in 1918 – early 1920s, taken as a source for studying the student corporation during the Civil War. The research is limited to the Cossack regions of the Russian South – Don and Kuban, centers of the armed struggle against the Bolsheviks. Higher education institutions were founded there shortly before the revolution. As a result of a powerful intellectual migration from Petrograd and Moscow, new universities were founded in 1918–1919. Student letters used in the study were obtained from the archival funds of higher educational institutions, government and administrative bodies of the State Archive of Krasnodar region, the State Archive of Rostov region, and the Professional Education Department Main Collection of the State Archive of the Russian Federation. Recipients’ and addressee’ statuses, time, subject, and motivation for writing are taken as parameters and considered in the analysis of letters. Attention is given to notes, official inscriptions on the documents, as well as accompanying letters, official answers, autobiographies, questionnaires, etc. The content of letters is examined within the context of the higher education space formation, along with migration processes of the revolutionary years, and the situation of civil confrontation in the South of Russia. Later, the authors of some letters became known in various fields; the discovered texts help recreate the milestones of their early biographies, especially since many tried to conceal the fact of their life and schooling on non-Soviet territories. The research reveals specific themes and plots of student letters "to the authorities", their value as an authentic source of information. These themes are admission / transfer to another institution, student mobilization, ways of solving material problems, and the activities of student organizations. The author notes how the contradictions within the anti-Bolshevik camp (clearly pronounced on the Don and Kuban) influenced the content of the texts. This is especially true for collective messages "to the authorities" that defended the interests of particular groups or students as a whole. It is shown that the interpretation of certain events and processes was determined both by the real needs of the authors of the letters and by the current political situation. In general, letters "to authorities" are an important source for reconstructing students’ daily life and the vital functions of higher education institutions in extreme conditions.

scholarly journals State of Human Resources in the Regional Food Industry in the First Post-War Years: 1946–48

2021 ◽  
pp. 840-851
Author(s):  
Roman S. Vorontsov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir V. Korovin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Material Base ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post War ◽  
Kursk Region

The article is based on the analysis of a wide range of documentary sources reflecting qualitative characteristics of production personnel of regional food industry enterprises. The authors consider the problems of industry staffing in the first years following the end of the Great Patriotic War. The historiography of the topic is represented by publications on various aspects of national industry development, which take into account modern achievements of historical science and development of source base. However, assessment of qualification and social maturity of human resources, material conditions of work, and influence of all these factors on the efficiency of food industry have not yet been subject of special research. The territorial framework of the study is limited the Kursk region in its borders prior to 1954. On this territory, which was a part of the Central Black Earth economic region of the RSFSR, the food industry was a traditional and developing branch of production, as it had its own potent raw material base. The solution of staffing problems in the post-war years was significantly affected by the region’s front-line situation, which has influenced the nature of the tasks to be solved. The main sources are executive directives of government bodies and record keeping materials of enterprises, which characterize the state of the industry human resources. The documentary materials used in preparation of this article have been identified by the authors in the fonds of the Russian State Archive of Economics and in the State Archive of the Kursk Region. They reveal the multi-factorial process of providing the food industry, the main branch of regional economy, with competent employees. The authors have analyzed the content of the documents and presented, on the basis of archival sources, a general overview of the human resources in the industry in the post-war years of reconstruction and modernization. The most informative, from the point of view of the designated topic, are the regional archival fonds. The documentary sources used in the preparation of the article address the situation with personnel in the regional food industry in 1946–48 years quite objectively. Their introduction into scientific use contributes to authoritative depiction of personnel policy implemented locally in the days of post-war economic recovery.

MOSCOW — HARBIN: THE LIFE ODYSSEY OF THE WHITE EMIGRANT NIKOLAI GALKIN (1895–1940)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
L.A. Bodrova ◽  
◽  
D.I. Petin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

This publication is an analytical review of the ambiguous and complex fate of Nikolai Gavriilovich Galkin, the son of a hereditary nobleman who became a career army officer who took an active part in the First World War and the Civil War, who consistently served in the Russian (imperial) army, and then anti-Bolshevik armed formations in the Russian Far East. The second half of the life of the captain N. G. Galkin was associated with living in China, where the hero of the publication emigrated for political and personal reasons. The aim of our research is to represent, in the context of military anthropology, the forms of adaptation of the «little man» to the conditions of social cataclysms. The methodological concept of the study, based on its genre characteristics, is based on the combined use of the anthropological approach, the theory of social mobility and the biographical method. The basis for the preparation of the article was a complex of previously unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Historical Archive, the Russian State Military Historical Archive, the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East, the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan, the State Archive of the Khabarovsk Territory, the archive of the Federal Security Service of Russia in the Novosibirsk Region. Some of these sources were previously in secret storage. Photos and oral history (family information about the hero of the article) have an auxiliary role in the study. In conclusion, the authors emphasize that a conservative upbringing and worldview would not have allowed N.G. Galkin, who had persistent anti-Bolshevik convictions, to find himself in the conditions of Soviet society, and therefore, being in exile was for him the only way out in the conditions of the end of the Civil War and defeat anti- Soviet forces. The work is addressed to a wide range of readers, including specialists in the history of the Russian (imperial) army, the First World War and the Civil War, the White movement, the Harbin emigration, mass political repressions in the USSR in the post-war period.

scholarly journals Partisan Movement in Kuzbass during the Civil War of 1917-1919

2020 ◽  
pp. 423-438
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Uskov ◽  
A. E. Pyanov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
The State ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the characterization and dynamics of the development of the partisan movement during the Civil War in the territory of modern Kemerovo Region in 1918-1919. The issues of the activity of individual partisan detachments in the territory of Kuzbass are considered. Attention is paid to the specifics of the partisan movement in this territory. Based on the analysis of archival data and local media materials, the military operations of partisan detachments are described. The question is raised of the partisan movement role in the victory of the Reds. The novelty of the study is in the fact that for the first time on the basis of processing a wide range of sources the state and dynamics of the partisan movement in Kuzbass during the years of the Civil War are presented. The features of the partisan movement in the region are demonstrated. The reasons for the entry of peasants into the ranks of partisans are revealed. The relevance of the study is due to its scientific and social significance. The first is determined by the fact that this kind of research, based on an analysis of a wide range of sources, is considered for the first time. The second is related to the need to rethink the features of the course of the civil war in the regions of the country and to attract the attention of scientists and society to the problems of a split in society during the crisis years.

scholarly journals New Documents on the History and Heritage of Russian America in the Fonds of the State Archive of the Kostroma Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 615-626
Author(s):  
Alexander Yu. Petrov ◽  
◽  
Yuliya S. Egorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Document Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian America

Presenting new documents to the scholarly society is important for studying the history and heritage of Russian America. The authors pay special attention to the fonds of regional archives, as their unique documents expand our knowledge of already known subjects and elaborate the historical and cultural heritage of Russian America. The State Archive of the Kostroma Region stores papers of local ethnographers, who meticulously collected materials on the history and heritage of the Russian colonial past. These documents have rarely being studied and remain unknown to researchers. The purpose of the article is to study the fonds of the State Archive of the Kostroma Region in order to identify new documents on the history of the Russian colonization of Alaska, as well as documents on the historical and cultural heritage of Russia in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean. The object of the research is document collection deposited in the State Archive of the Kostroma Region. The collection consists of hundreds of documents related to the history of the development of the Far East and Russian America and can provide a basis for preparing scholarly articles on a wide range of issues, such as the history of Russo-Chinese and Russo-Japanese relations, the interaction of the Russians and indigenous peoples of Siberia and Alaska, the transfer of Alaska to the USA, the financial and economic development of the Russian -American company and its joint-stock. Documents from N. N. Selifontov personal provenance fond shed light on the interactions of the Russian-American company with various government agencies during the sale of Alaska to the United States. Of particular value are N. N. Selifontov’s marginalia touching upon certain events in the history of Russian America, as well as his hand-written papers containing his personal opinion on the interaction of the Irkutsk governor-general with the royal court. The corpus of documents from Grigorov collection is vital for studying the early Russian exploration of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska and for preserving the memory of exploration of Alaska in various Russia towns.

scholarly journals Customs Books of the 17th – 18th centuries in Regional Archives of Russia: Some Preliminary Results of Identification

2021 ◽  
pp. 971-982
Author(s):  
Razdorskii Alexei I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Body ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Mass Source ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Pskov Region

Customs books are the main mass source on the history of domestic and foreign trade of Russia in the 17th – 18th centuries. The main body of these documents is available in various fonds of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Customs books are also kept in several other archives, libraries, and museums in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Scientific literature provides information on the availability of documents of this type in some regional archives of the Russian Federation. However, no systematic identification and registration of customs books in regional archives has been made. In 2019–2020, the author of the article has carried out a survey of several regional archives that, according to the information in scientific literature, store customs books. The survey was mostly carried out in absentia (by sending written requests to the archives and by viewing digitized copies of archival series on the Internet). The information on the customs books found in the regional archives was compared with the data provided in the historiography. The survey has established presence of customs books in eight regional archives, including the State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region (23 books), the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region (84), the State Archive of the Voronezh Region (4), the State Archive of the Irkutsk Region (13), the State Archive of the Murmansk Region (1), the State Archive of the Pskov Region (42), the State Archive of the Tyumen Region (201), the Velikoustyug Central Archives (2). In total, 370 such sources have been identified in 34 towns (about 10% of all currently known sources of this type). The revealed customs books date from 1646/47 to 1754. Their overwhelming majority are 18th century documents. The results of the customs books identification in the regional archives are preliminary, since only archives cited in historiography have been examined so far. In addition, the identified corpus of customs books demands clarification and supplementation, since references provided by the archives may be incomplete, and there are inaccuracies and omissions in the series. It is concluded that to collect comprehensive and accurate data on customs books in central and regional archives is only possible de visu.

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