scholarly journals Debt instruments as a source of financing the state’s expenditures

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Zoriana LOBODINA
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Debt Security ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
State And Local

The social and economic transformations taking place in Ukraine are accompanied by the expansion of functions of the state authorities and local self-government. This predetermines the search for sources of formation of budgetary resources on the background of permanent growth of the volume and directions of their spending and practical application of debt instruments. The purpose of the study lies in evaluating of the practice of carrying out public borrowings and in developing proposals concerning its improvement in the context of minimizing threats to government debt security. The economic essence, assignment of debt instruments have been considered, the dynamics of realization and structure of internal and external borrowings has been analyzed. The problems of applying the loan method of budget resources formation in Ukraine have been revealed. A set of measures for improvement of the use of government borrowings as a tool of the budgetary mechanism in the context of minimizing threats to the state's debt security has been developed. The results of evaluating the practice of using debt instruments give reason to argue that the irrational approach to their use, the manifestations of which are the unbalanced structure of debt payments over time, high cost of attracting resources and focus on solution of the short-term goals of budget policy, led to increased debt financial burden, the level of threats to the debt security of Ukraine and is the reason for the reduction of potential growth rates of the national economy and increasing of its vulnerability to external shocks.. In order to minimize fiscal risks the feasibility of applying measures for improvement of the use of debt instruments has been substantiated by: adherence to the limit of the state budget deficit defined by the Budget Code of Ukraine, of state and local budgets, providing of state and local guaratees, diversification of the structure of the debt portfolio of borrowings taking into account currencies, maturities and interest rates; limiting the provision of state guarantees and the implementation of state financial support to economic entities at the expense of government borrowing in the conditions of excess of the share of public debt and the state guaranteed debt in the GDP of Ukraine of the 60% limit; the use of borrowed budgetary resources to finance investment projects.

BUDGET INVESTMENTS IN UKRAINE: PRIORITIES AND TRENDS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Yaroshevych ◽  
◽  
Andriy Yakymiv ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
State Management ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Budget System

The article investigates the priorities of budget investment and trends in the distribution of capital expenditures among the budgetary system levels in Ukraine during 2010-2019 period. It has been established that capital expenditures of budgets in Ukraine cannot be equated with capital investments from the budget, since they contain articles that are inconsistent with the classical understanding of investments. But the analysis of their dynamics and structure makes it possible to identify the priorities of budget investment and the distribution of budget investment among the budget system levels. It has been established that since 2015 in Ukraine there has been an increase in the share of capital expenditures of the consolidated budget in the total expenditures of the consolidated budget at the expense of local budgets, which are a consequence of an increase in the local budgets resource base in relation to the decentralization reform. A positive trend of growth in the percentage of capital expenditures fulfillment of both state and local budgets was revealed. Also, since 2015, a change in the ratio of capital expenditures among the levels of the budget system in the direction of the prevalence of local budgets and a change in the structure of capital expenditures of the state and local budgets has been revealed: in the state budget, capital transfers to enterprises that are a form of support for certain sectors of the economy are decreasing, but in local budgets they are growing. Thus, the economic function of the state to support individual sectors of the economy is delegated to local budgets. It also revealed a change in priorities in the structure of financing public investment projects from the state budget of Ukraine during 2019-2020 from social development projects to transport infrastructure development projects (70% of funding). It has been established that capital investments from budgets of all levels are not aimed at multiplying budget investments; therefore, an increase in budget capital expenditures does not guarantee the acceleration of the state economic development. The improvement of the investment activities state management system should be realized in the direction of formation and budgetary financing the investment projects that will contribute to the introduction of new technologies, the creation of new jobs and the investment attractiveness of the country.

scholarly journals CURRENT ISSUES OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF BUDGET SECURITY IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4(106)) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
К. В. Бартащук
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
State And Local

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the regulatory and legal support of budget security in Ukraine. Regulatory and legal support of budget security is understood as a state view of its essence and content, which determines the official ideas and views that relate to it, including the conditions and procedure for cooperation between the state and society in ensuring budget security. A classification of doctrinal interpretations of the concept of "budget security" was proposed, namely: the ability of the state to effectively perform its own tasks and functions with the help of the budget; the ability of the banking system to ensure the rational formation and use of budget funds to ensure financial stability and independence of the state; the state of ensuring the solvency of the state; the process of developing, implementing and monitoring budget execution; an indicator for assessing the effectiveness of public policy in social and other spheres of public life and the performance of its functions. The author's interpretation of the concept of "budget security" as ensuring the safe state of public economic relations, which mediate the formation and use of a centralized fund of financial resources of state and local levels, designed to ensure the tasks and functions of these entities, creating conditions for development and strengthening democratic, social, legal state. It was proved that the regulatory and legal support of budget policy has a hierarchical organization and covers the Constitution of Ukraine, codes of Ukraine (Budget Code of Ukraine, Tax Code of Ukraine, Criminal Code of Ukraine, Code of Administrative Offenses), laws of Ukraine "On State Budget for… year" , a number of laws regulating relations in the field of budget security, as well as bylaws that ensure the implementation and enforcement of the mechanism of budget security of Ukraine, resolutions and regulations governing the work of state bodies and institutions in the field of budget security, decisions and normative legal acts of local authorities and local self-government bodies in the researched sphere. The leading role in the researched problems is played by a number of international acts ratified by Ukraine, the norms of which directly or indirectly concern ensuring the budgetary security of the country.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONS AND ROLE OF BUDGET EXPENDITURES IN ENSURING SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Borushok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The State ◽  
Protection System ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

In modern conditions, public spending on social protection plays a priority role in improving the welfare and quality of life of vulnerable populations. From the volume and direction of financial resources of the state depends not only the level of welfare of society, but also the development of the domestic economy and the stability of the socio-political situation in the state. The developed countries of the modern world spend about 17% of gross domestic product for social protection and social security. This indicator shows that expenditures on the social component occupy the largest share in the structure of state budget expenditures, both in foreign countries and in Ukraine. The lack of public funds to meet the requirements of current legislation and failure to fulfill planned indicators of financing of all social articles are the main problems of financial provision of social protection in Ukraine. Despite the fact that during the analyzed period there is an increase in expenditures on social protection in Ukraine, these funds are still insufficient. The implementation of the policy in the social protection system has a number of reasons, which are manifested primarily in the implementation of the approved expenditures of the state budget. Despite the significant amounts of public spending on social protection and social security and wide range of forms of social assistance, the benefits of which are enjoyed by a significant part of society, not all measures are effective. On the one hand, the state invests significant funds in the development of the social sphere, and on the other - these costs do not solve the problems of social protection, but, on the contrary, inflate them. Solving the problems of financing social protection in Ukraine must be carried out in conjunction with reforming the social protection system as a whole, which will reduce the financial burden of the state and improve living standards. Therefore, we consider it important to investigate the issues of public spending on social protection and the problems of financing the social sphere and find alternatives to improve its functioning.

ANALISIS AKUNTANSI DAN PELAPORAN BANTUAN SOSIAL DAN HIBAH

INFO ARTHA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Sriyani ,
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
Local Government Budget

This study aims to determine the accounting and reporting of social aid and grants using literature study, specifically analyzing the existing rules to determine how the accounting and reporting practices of social aid and grants can be applied to the central government and local governments. The absence of guidelines which provide definitions and accounting treatment of social aid expenditure is another problem. Based on Technical Bulletin No. 13 about Grant, there are problems related to management patterns of grants acceptance conducted by the state ministries/agencies and local governments.Accrual-based accounting in the social aid transaction consists of social aid expense and  expenditure. The accountability of accounting for the transaction consists of the recognition,  measurement, presentation and disclosure. Grants can be categorized into grant revenue and grant expenditure/expense. Grant is written in the grant agreement between the grantor and grantee with no compensation or direct repayment. Grant consists of arranged grants and direct grants, whereas grant expenditure should be planned. The arranged grant expenditures are included in the state budget or the General Budget Policy and Provisional Budget Priorities and Funding Levels-Local Government Budget. Implementation of the accrual-based grant as an expense in the Statement of Operations and expenditure in the Budget Realization Report.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT DEBT ON FINANCIAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Pikaliuk ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Security ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

One of the main criteria for economic development is the size of the public debt and its dynamics. The article considers the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine. The views of scientists on the essence of public debt and financial security of the state are substantiated. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of public debt of Ukraine for 2014-2019. It is proved that one of the main criteria for economic development is the size of public debt and its dynamics. State budget deficit, attracting and using loans to cover it have led to the formation and significant growth of public debt in Ukraine. The volume of public debt indicates an increase in the debt security of the state, which is a component of financial security. Therefore, the issue of the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine is becoming increasingly relevant. The constant growth and large amounts of debt make it necessary to study it, which will have a positive impact on economic processes that will ensure the stability of the financial system and enhance its security.

Effectiveness of Tax Policy of Ukraine: Evidence and Economy Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Olena P. Slavkova ◽  
Oksana I Zhilinska ◽  
Maksym Palienko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Tax ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Tax Payments

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of tax policy in the country. The analysis of change of tax receipts to the state and local budgets is carried out. The role of tax payments in the economic development of the country is determined. The efficiency of the state tax policy in Ukraine is analyzed, its advantages and disadvantages are determined. The important role of tax payments in stimulating economic and social development is substantiated. The analysis of the elasticity of change of indicators of economic development of the country from the change of volume of tax receipts to the budget is carried out. The necessity of improving the existing policy of establishing, accrual, payment, and distribution of tax revenues as one of the most promising areas to stimulate economic growth is concluded. Keywords: tax policy, revenues, tax evasion, state budget, elasticity, economic development

scholarly journals The Role of Investment Associated with the Reduction of the Effects of Environmental Pollution with Gas Decision

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-144
Author(s):  
Buthaina Rashid Al Kaabi ◽  
Hanan Ibrahim Mazloum
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Future Situation

gas sector, an important sector in Iraq because of the great economic significance in support of the Iraqi economy and it represents a second fixed with oil to finance the state budget source of income. As well as investment by the lead to reduce the effects of environment polluting due to the accompanying emissions of dangerous toxic gases, gas flaring, which sometimes lead to the death of many people if inhaled and that the aim of the research dealt with knowledge of the environmental impact before making an investment associated gas decision and after the establishment of a project to improve the environment and the extent of impact of the project in the social life and the solution to the problem of the research of the combustion of large amounts of associated gas because of the lack of attention to hold such an important natural resource that generates state many returns and lead to significant financial losses in the event of lack of investment. the gas combustion leads to polluted and unhygienic environment causing disease, cancer of the inhabitants of neighboring areas .oan the practical side of the research dealt with the relationship between investment-associated and its impact gas-decision in the preservation of the environment and that the most important conclusions of the research: the investment-associated gas decision Rashid and that the decision came too late, according to the findings of the research, the this decision adds another supplier of oil in the state budget was burning waste and contribute to the preservation of free burning remnants of a healthy environment, This corresponds to the research : Promote associated gas investment in order to support the state budget an additional financial resource of oil and this is what improves the current and future situation and also reduces the effects of environmental damage.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF UNBALANCED STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE: ANALYSIS OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE FACTORS OF BUDGET REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Zahidna ◽  
◽  
Vasylyna Ignatyshyna ◽  
Uliana Skydan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

A significant place in the social and economic development of each country belongs to the problems of the budget, because the budget belongs to the sphere of public life that directly affects the interests of all members of society. The budget of any country reflects the important economic, social and political problems of the state and each person in particular. At the same time, the successful solution of budget problems is possible only if a proper understanding of its essence, role and place in the system of economic relations. For any country, the state budget is the main link in the financial system. As part of this system, it combines the main financial categories: income and expenditure of the country, the tax system, public credit, public debt in their closest coexistence. The budget as a financial plan of public expenditures and sources of their coverage plays an important role in the activities of the state. It determines its capabilities and development priorities, its role and forms of implementation of the functions assigned to it. It is an effective regulator of that economy reflects the amount of financial resources required by the state, determines specific areas of use of funds, directs the financial activities of the state. The article analyzes and defines the essence of revenues and expenditures of the state budget. The state and dynamics of state budget revenues and budget expenditures are studied. A comparison of state budget revenues and expenditures was made and it was investigated that expenditures significantly exceed revenues, and therefore the state budget is in deficit. The factors of formation of revenues and expenditures of the state budget at the present stage are determined. The dynamics of GDP growth rates and state revenues are analyzed budget, as well as the impact of GDP on the state budget. The peculiarities of the influence of the foreign trade factor on the revenues and expenditures of the state budget are determined. The influence and shares of exports and imports in the state budget revenues are studied. The current problems of imbalance of the state budget and the causes of the state budget deficit are identified. Ways to balance revenues and expenditures at the present stage are proposed. The dynamics of indicators of export and import of Ukraine is analyzed. The problems of Ukraine 's foreign trade at the present stage are investigated and perspective directions of improvement of the existing state of the export – import policy of the state are determined.

scholarly journals Unconditional Basic Income as an Instrument of State Social Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Vlad Stokolos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
State Budget ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Problems

Annotation. Introduction. The article considers the concept of unconditional basic income in the study of social policy as a state instrument of universal social justice. Considerable attention paid to the prospects for the introduction of unconditional basic income and the implementation of its basic principles into Ukrainian legislation. Various approaches of legal regulations and etymology of social policy in the context of the state security system are considered. Significant emphasis placed on the study of the theoretical challenge of unconditional basic income, namely the study of the functioning of such a mechanism in modern communicative realities. This research is a product of analytics and was created without taking into account the author’s political ideas. Given the recommended amount of research, the issues of unconditional basic income was considered not to be completed. Purpose. One of the main tasks of the article is to study the mechanism of functioning of unconditional basic income and the possibility of its application in practice. It is also worth giving your own view of the social policy problems. The tasks of the article are to analyze the modern social security system and to suggest options for its improvement. Results. The theory of unconditional basic income currently has no practical application. Despite a significant number of theoretical experiments, no country in the world uses the instrument of unconditional basic income at the legislative level. Therefore, it is too early to talk about the implementation of this theory of social policy in practice in Ukraine. Conclusions. Theory of unconditional basic income has a strong intellectual tradition, but the practical application of this instrument of social policy not implemented. Our studies show that such a system promotes the development of human capital and increases the geographical mobility of people. Unconditional basic income creates material support that promotes human development in other spheres of life. However, it was noted that conducting such a social policy requires significant expenditures from the state budget. This creates material barriers for some countries to use unconditional basic income as a tool of social policy. Keywords: unconditional basic income; social policy; state institutions; legal system.

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