scholarly journals Ordinary or Extraordinary? Redressing the Problem of the Bronze Age Corded Skirt

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Sophie Bergerbrant
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Entire Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article uses previously overlooked evidence to discuss the social role of the Bronze Age corded skirt found in Scandinavia. This skirt type has been interpreted in many different ways through the years, from a summer dress to the attire of un­ married women, and more recently the popular la­ bel “ritual dress” has been applied. The aim of this article is to critically review the various interpreta­ tions of the use and social role of the corded skirt, drawing on the entire data set available for study rather than just a small sample of the known traces of corded skirts. Here it is shown that there is evi­ dence indicating that the corded skirt was used at more times, and by more people and age groups, than previously thought, suggesting that it might have been an ordinary, everyday garment rather than something extraordinary.

scholarly journals Non-discursive Knowledge and the Construction of Identity Potters, Potting and Performance at the Bronze Age Tell of Százhalombatta, Hungary

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Budden ◽  
Joanna Sofaer
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
Differential Acquisition ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article explores the relationship between the making of things and the making of people at the Bronze Age tell at Százhalombatta, Hungary. Focusing on potters and potting, we explore how the performance of non-discursive knowledge was critical to the construction of social categories. Potters literally came into being as potters through repeated bodily enactment of potting skills. Potters also gained their identity in the social sphere through the connection between their potting performance and their audience. We trace degrees of skill in the ceramic record to reveal the material articulation of non-discursive knowledge and consider the ramifications of the differential acquisition of non-discursive knowledge for the expression of different kinds of potter's identities. The creation of potters as a social category was essential to the ongoing creation of specific forms of material culture. We examine the implications of altered potters' performances and the role of non-discursive knowledge in the construction of social models of the Bronze Age.

scholarly journals The Social Role of Non-metal ‘Valuables’ in Late Bronze Age Britain

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Brück ◽  
Alex Davies
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Prestige Goods ◽  
The Social

Bronze Age metal objects are widely viewed as markers of wealth and status. Items of other materials, such as jet, amber and glass, tend either to be framed in similar terms as ‘prestige goods’, or to be viewed as decorative trifles of limited research value. In this paper, we argue that such simplistic models dramatically underplay the social role and ‘agentive’ capacities of objects. The occurrence of non-metal ‘valuables’ in British Early Bronze Age graves is well-documented, but their use during the later part of the period remains poorly understood. We will examine the deposition of objects of amber, jet and jet-like materials in Late Bronze Age Britain, addressing in particular their contexts and associations as well as patterns of breakage to consider the cultural meanings and values ascribed to such items and to explore how human and object biographies were intertwined. These materials are rarely found in burials during this period but occur instead on settlements, in hoards and caves. In many cases, these finds appear to have been deliberately deposited in the context of ritual acts relating to rites of passage. In this way, the role of such objects as social agents will be explored, illuminating their changing significance in the creation of social identities and systems of value.

scholarly journals Typological features of sports facilities as elements of the public service system

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Boushra A. Al darf
Keyword(s):  
Service System ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Levels Of Service

Introduction. Nowadays functional concept of sports facilities is no longer limited to sports. Sport is not limited to professional athletes and sports teams; it must be available to everyone of different age groups. Cooperation also arose between sports and recreational public facilities. The purpose of the work is to identify the typological features of sports facilities, depending on their position in the service system of the population of large cities of Syria. Materials and methods. The study is based on an analysis of the main characteristics of 120 projects and buildings of sports facilities, as well as the study of theoretical researches on the hierarchy of levels of public services of the population of cities. Results. The analysis of physical culture and sports facilities was carried out according to several criteria, such as: the scale of the object in the environment, its role in the urban planning composition, functions, structure, architectural features and the social role of the object in society. The considered examples were systematized according to the specified criteria and levels of service. The importance of the social role of sports facilities in the process of supporting poor areas and residential slums was also revealed. Conclusions. For a network of sports facilities, three levels are assumed based on the service radius. The functional, structural, compositional, and social characteristics of small, medium, and large physical and sports facilities of various levels of service were determined. The functions that turn sports facilities into a part of the systems of social, health and environmental service centers are identified.

Deus Ex Machina: Technological Experience as a Cognitive Resource in Bronze Age Conceptualizations of Astronomical Phenomena

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Johannsen
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Cognitive Effect ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Technological Experience ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Vehicular Technology

Mental recruitment of previous technological experience in conceptualizations of non-technological phenomena constitutes a specific kind of unintended cognitive effect of human technological activity. This paper discusses particular conceptual takes on a significant epistemic challenge faced by people in the Bronze Age eastern Mediterranean: that of understanding the factors and dynamics governing and allowing the most important celestial body (the sun) to travel across the sky during the day. Textual sources, iconography and artefactual evidence in combination provide an outline of concrete conceptual solutions to this challenge, which centre oncharioteering, i.e., the employment of light, horse-drawn vehicles for high-speed transport. These sources also inform on the actual, practical role played by this technological genre in the context of the eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. The paper specifies a connection between the actual, mundane and social role of this form of vehicular technology in Bronze Age society, and the conceptualizations of an astronomical phenomenon to which it is recruited. This provides a specific case demonstrating how aspects of concrete, sensorimotor experience of technological activities, here the dynamics of vehicular transport, may ground associative conceptualization of empirically ill-specified phenomena. This, in turn, provides support for the general observation that the conceptual repertoires of individuals and collectives in particular historical contexts are influenced substantially by the experiential spectra associated with the specific ways of life into which they are born.

The Early J.S. Mill on Marriage and Divorce

Symposion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Janelle Pötzsch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
The Social ◽  
Early Essay ◽  
The Law ◽  
Marriage Laws

This paper discusses Mill’s early essay on marriage and divorce (1832) and gives two possible sources of influence for it: Plato’s arguments on the appropriate scope of the law in book IV of his Republic and Unitarian ideas on motherhood. It demonstrates that Plato’s Republic and Mill’s essay both emphasize the crucial role of background conditions in achieving desirable social aims. Similar to Plato’s claim that the law should provide only a rough framework and not concern itself with questions of etiquette (Republic, 425d), Mill envisions a society in which men and women meet as equals and hence are in no need of marriage laws. Besides, this paper will relate Mill’s essay on marriage and divorce to Unitarian ideas on the social role of women to account for his reservations about the gainful employment of married women and mothers. Mill’s claim that the rightful employment of a mother is “the training of the affections” (Mill 1970, 76) is fueled by the Unitarian conception of women as the moral educators of future citizens.

scholarly journals Determinants of Opinion About Graffiti of Russian Youth: Results of Secondary Analysis of VCIOM Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
D. Rudenkin ◽  
A. Obolenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
General Opinion

The central question of the article is the factors that influence the opinion about graffiti of Russian youth. The authors note the one-sidedness of the analysis of the social role of graffiti in Russian science. Scientists often focus on aesthetic, legal and socio-psychological sides of this topic. But at the same time, there is a lack of research in the area of typical stereotypes and assessments about graffiti in society. During their research, the authors of this article want to make a step in overcoming of this problem and focus their interest on stereotypes and assessments about graffiti that became typical for the representatives of modern Russian youth. During the research the authors rely on secondary analysis of data of sociological survey, which was implemented by Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM) at the end of 2018. Using the VCIOM data, the authors strive to determine the general opinion of Russian youth about graffiti and try to identify the factors, which can influence this opinion. The analysis allows the authors to make a conclusion that the specifics of young people’s stereotypes and assessments about graffiti has a social origin. The attitude to graffiti prevailing among Russian youth is comparable to that which was established among representatives of other age groups. But at the same time, young people are heterogeneous in their attitude to this phenomenon. The authors conclude that significant factors influencing the attitude of young people to graffiti are gender, the level of activity of using the Internet, and the type of settlement.

Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 1060-1068
Author(s):  
Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Manzano Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

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