scholarly journals Significance of Diet in Acne Vulgaris patients attending Dermatology clinic at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badder Hina Afnan ◽  
Sadaf Ahmed Asim ◽  
Mehreen Amer ◽  
Sahar Soomro ◽  
Areesha Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Chi Square Test

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The pathology of acne is vaguely understood to date, current epidemiologic evidence in Eastern populations indicates that consumption of chocolate, milk intake, fatty products, and glycemic load may be involved. Previously little research has been conducted highlighting the possible relationship between diet and acne among patients in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify the association of acne vulgaris and dietary intake patterns. METHODOLOGY:  An observational study enrolled 246 participants, both genders, 16 to 40 years of age, diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris recruited from a tertiary-care hospital out-patient clinic in Karachi. The structured questionnaire consisted of various methods for assessing nutritional parameters.  Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS, the association of Acne was tested with dietary habits using Pearson-Chi Square test. Food items with a p-value less than 0.05 in the Chi Square test were considered in Binary logistic regression for estimating the risk for Acne with a 95% confidence interval (C.I.). RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of participants were found with mild acne, use of yogurt, ice cream butter, margarine, French fries, chocolate, bakery chips, white bread, vegetable, fruits, cake dates, and pickles give a significant association with severity of acne using Fisher's Exact test p<0.05. Logistic regression showed that butter gave more risk for acne with an odds ratio of 1.11 and 95% C.I. (1.0, 9.2).  CONCLUSION: It can be stated that dairy products, high glycemic index, and fatty foods are associated with acne aggravation in our population. As patients are always concerned about dietary advice, suggesting that they reduce these products would help them maintain their skin.

scholarly journals Association of Acute Otitis Media with Breast Feeding Position Among Infants in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Tul Rasool ◽  
Sana Mansoor ◽  
Tayyab Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Ashar Alamgir ◽  
Maida Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Chi Square Test

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the commonest disease of childhood. High incidence of AOM might be due to immature Eustachian Tube and immaturity of immune system. Exclusive breast feeding is protective against acute otitis media, however, improper breastfeeding  position can increase AOM occurrence in infants. This study aims to assess the association of improper breastfeeding position with occurrence of Acute otitis media in infants and to assess association of Maternal educational levels with feeding positions. 220 breastfed infants satisfying inclusion criteria with diagnosed AOM were enrolled. Study was conducted over a period of 6 months from August 2019 to January 2020. Demographic details and Detailed history regarding feeding positions and maternal educational levels were obtained through a Self-structured proforma from parents. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics and chi square test and p value less than 0.5 was set significant. Out of 220 infants, 123(55.90%) were male and 97(44.10%) were females. AOM was more common in male infants than female infants, however it was not statistically significant(p=0.169). The mean age for enrolled infants(1-12months) was 6.90(±3.413). Statistically significant association between increase incidence of AOM and breastfeeding position was found(p=0.032). We also found a statistically significant association between maternal educational levels and breastfeeding position (p= 0.000). In this study, we have noted that Breastfeeding in supine position is associated significantly with increase in incidence of AOM. Feeding positions are statistically associated with Maternal Educational levels.

scholarly journals EARLIEST SYMPTOMS OF PRESENTATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S500-03
Author(s):  
Maqbool Raza ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
De Emmal Asjad Cheema ◽  
Maham Asjad Cheema ◽  
Atif Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To determine the frequency of earliest symptoms of COVID-19 infection among patients with confirmed SARSCOVID-19 infection. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Multan, from Jun to Dec 2021. Methodology: Data from 299 patients admitted in tertiary care settings was collected on a questionnaire. Patients regardless of gender and age who had confirmed COVID-19 infection through Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were included in the study. A nonprobability consecutive sampling technique was used to select samples. Data was entered and analyzed through SPSS version 22. Frequencies and percentages of various presenting symptoms were calculated. Sample size calculated at 95% level of confidence, 1% required precision, and 27% anticipated population proportion were 299. The overall difference in frequencies of symptoms in various groups was compared by using chi-square test. p-value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: A total of 299 participants were included in this analysis. The median age for participants (interquartile range [IQR]) was 46 (36-54) years. Among 299 adults the reported symptoms were cough 238 (79.6%), fever 176 (58.7%) and, dyspnea 113 (37.8%). Only 78 (26.1%) of participants with confirmed infection reported having all three symptoms of cough, fever, and dyspnea. Other reported symptoms in patients were diarrhea 54 (18.1%), fatigue 128 (42.8%), myalgia 113 (37.8%), and anosmia 98 (32.8%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of symptoms across both genders. Conclusion: The most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 are cough, fever, and dyspnea.

Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation and its Complication

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2989-2992
Author(s):  
Abdul Haadi ◽  
Sidra Ishfaq ◽  
Munazza Nazir ◽  
Syed M.Sajid Ali Bukhari ◽  
Muhammad Ishraf-Ul-Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Evidence available on atrial fibrillation in Pakistan is not enough. Therefore, present study aims to determine frequency of atrial fibrillation and its associated complications. Place and duration of study: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Medicine, at SKBZ/AK CMH Muzaffarabad (Tertiary Care Hospital Muzaffarabad AJK) from July to December, 2019. Methodology: Total 1100 patients included for this study through non-probability consecutive sampling. Ethical approval and consent forms were taken. Patients were examined for atrial fibrillation through ECG. The patients who were confirmed as AF were detail examined and their cause and complications were noted down. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 24. One sample t test was used to predict AF in the population Chi-square test was applied. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 1100 patients mean age of patients was 43.4±12.7 years. The male to female ratio was 11:10. The atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in 250 (22.7%). In our population, at least 20% of the patients are having issue of atrial fibrillation with p value 0.016. The percentage of AF was higher in female 40.4% as compared to male 6.9%. Similarly the percentage of AF was higher in hypertensive patients (37.8%) as compared to non-hypertensive patients (12.3%). Conclusion:The prevalence of atrial fibrillation is moderately high in our data. Our sample results support the hypothesis that female are mostly with AF. Hence there is need to take measures to prevent them. Keywords: Atrial fibrillation, Causes of atrial fibrillation, Complications of atrial fibrillation

593 Odds of Receiving Sleep Diagnoses in Common Pediatric Chronic Medical Conditions

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A233-A234
Author(s):  
Tomas Munoz ◽  
Palakkumar Patel ◽  
Pranshu Adavadkar
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sleep Diagnosis

Abstract Introduction Sleep disorders (SD) are under-diagnosed in the general pediatric population. Children with chronic medical conditions (CMC) tend to have a higher prevalence rate of SD; however, the studies about the rates of diagnosis of SD are limited. We examined the odds of receiving SD diagnoses in children with various CMC and hypothesized that if this likelihood is established, screening tools can be developed to increase the rates of diagnoses and improve clinical outcomes. Methods Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to test the association between SD and CMC based on ICD-9 and -10 diagnosis codes retrieved from the Medicaid claims submitted for children (0 to 18 years) enrolled in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services-funded Coordinated Health Care for Complex Kids (CHECK) project, at an urban, public tertiary care hospital. Children without a CMC were excluded. Results Among 16,609 children with CMC (mean [SD] age of 9.1 [5.3] years; 56.4% male; 77% with multiple CMC), 14.1% received a diagnosis of SD. Compared to the cohort without a particular CMC, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity, developmental disorder, or asthma had following odds of receiving sleep diagnosis respectively (odds ratio (OR) [Confidence Interval]): insomnia (6.9 [5–9.5]; 2.4 [1.7–3.2]; 1.6 [1.2–2.3]; 0.7 [0.5–1]), circadian rhythm disorders (6.1[2.7–13.7]; 2.8 [1.3–2.6]; 3.0 [1.4–6.4]; 0.5* [0.2–1.1]), hypersomnia (2.9 [1.0–8.6]; 7.8 [3–20.2], 0.9* [0.3–2.6], 0.8* [0.3–2.2]), and sleep-related movement disorder (1.9* [0.9–4.3]; 4.4 [2.5–7.8]; 2.2 [1.2–3.9]; 0.6*[0.3–1.1]). (*=p value &lt;0.05). Conclusion Odds of receiving sleep diagnoses vary across CMC. Among others, strong associations between obesity-hypersomnia and ADHD-insomnia were noted. This information may help clinicians implement appropriate screening interventions to improve early SD detection and management. Further studies to examine these associations are necessary. Support (if any):

Abstract 14721: Impact of Covid-19 on Cardiology Consultation in Tertiary Care Hospital of a Developing Country

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ghufran adnan ◽  
Osman Faheem ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
Pirbhat Shams ◽  
Jamshed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed the healthcare system of Pakistan. There has been observation regarding changes in pattern of patient presentation to emergency department (ED) for all diseases particularly cardiovascular. The aim of the study is to investigate these changes in cardiology consultations and compare pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era. Hypothesis: There is a significant difference in cardiology consultations during COVID era as compared to non-COVID era. Method: We collected data retrospectively of consecutive patients who visited emergency department (ED) during March-April 2019 (non-COVID era) and March-April 2020 (COVID era). Comparison has been made to quantify the differences in clinical characteristics, locality, admission, type, number, and reason of Cardiology consults generated. Results: We calculated the difference of 1351 patients between COVID and non-COVID era in terms of cardiology consults generated from Emergency department, using Chi-square test. Out of which 880 (59%) are male with mean age of 61(SD=15). Analysis shows pronounced augmentation in number of comorbidities [Hypertension(6%), Chronic kidney disease (6%), Diabetes (5%)] but there was 36% drop in total cardiology consultations and 43% reduction rate in patient’s ED visit from other cities during COVID era. There was 60% decrease in acute coronary syndrome presentation in COVID era, but fortuitously drastic increase (30%) in type II myocardial injury has been noted. Conclusion: There is a remarkable decline observed in patients presenting with cardiac manifestations during COVID era. Lack in timely care could have a pernicious impact on outcomes, global health care organizations should issue directions to adopt telemedicine services in underprivileged areas to provide timely care to cardiac patients.

Spinal Surgery During COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Faisal Konbaz ◽  
Taif Alqahtani ◽  
Nada Alharthi ◽  
Mohammad Baraja ◽  
Nazish Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
American Society

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the healthcare system’s capacities around the world. Due to the alarming situation, medical activities have been restricted to allocate resources to treat COVID-19-infected patients. However, medical emergencies still need urgent medical intervention. Considering the lack of reliable data regarding spinal surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic, the present study sought to analyze the pattern of spinal surgeries in KSA. Methodology: A case series of patients who had urgent spine surgeries during COVID-19 pandemic was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Data on patients’ demographics, COVID-19 test result, American Society of Anesthesia Score, SSS grade, diagnosis, and data related to surgery and postoperative findings were collected. All collected data were then processed and analyzed. Surgical outcomes based on source of admission were compared using Chi-square test. Result: A total of 63 patients who underwent spine surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. The mean age of the patients was 53 ± 18 years and males were predominant (59%). The positive COVID-19 patients were 3%. Almost half of the patients were classified into ASA II. The majority were categorized into grade B (65%) according to SSS. The frequently diagnosed condition was fracture (33%), followed by spinal stenosis (18%) and metastatic (10%), while the most mentioned location was lumbar (61%). Postoperative complications were found in 11% of the patients. The readmission rate within 30 days, unplanned return to OR and ICU admission were 19%, 13%, and 11%, respectively. While the mean duration between admission and surgery was 8 ± 20 days, the mean duration of length of stay was 20 ± 29 days. Further, a significant association was seen between the admission source and the surgical procedure performed and surgical indication. Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that the surgical intervention was only provided to patients requiring immediate or urgent spinal management. However, the length of hospitalization and duration between hospital admission and surgery was substantially prolonged. Further studies are warranted to determine the factors leading to prolonged hospitalization and time between hospital admission and surgery.

scholarly journals Frequency of Depression in Burn Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Status ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical University

Background: Burns are physically, psychologically and economically challenging injuries and the factors leading to them are many and under studied. Different studies have associated burn injuries with psychiatric disorders from different parts of the world. Objective: To determine the frequency of depression among the burn patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Pak Italian Modern Burn Unit, Nishtar Medical University, Multan and the Department of Psychiatry, Nishtar Medical University, Multan. Non probability consecutive sampling technique was used to collect the data from study subjects, which consisted of 150 patients of burn. All patients were assessed by a single psychiatrist on Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) scale for screening of depression. Chi square test was applied to determine association between the socio demographic factors of burn patients and depression. Results; Of these 150 study cases, 91 (60.7 %) were male patients while 59 (39.3 %) were female patients. Mean age of our study cases was 33.94 ± 8.88 years. The frequency of depression was noted as 88 (58.7%). Post stratification Pearson chi square test revealed significant associations between age (p=0.001), residential status (p=0.038), occupation (p= 0.000), etiology of burn (p=0.044) and duration of illness (p=0.000) with depression. Conclusion: A high frequency of depression was noted among burn patients in our study. Depression was significantly associated with age, residential status, occupation, duration of illness and etiology of the burn. Healthcare professionals treating such patients should anticipate depressive symptoms in these patients and treat them accordingly.

scholarly journals Trends of caesarean section: an analytical overview of indications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Shruti A. Gavhane ◽  
Shilpa N. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Evidenced Based

Background: Caesarean section is one of the commonly performed surgical procedures in obstetrics. An increasing trend has been observed in both primary and repeat caesarean sections. The reasons for its increase are multifaceted. So, this study was carried out to compare the rates of caesarean delivery and to analyse various indications contributing to it.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period of three year from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2018 at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, tertiary care hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India. All caesarean delivery (primary and repeat) taken place during the study period. The rate and indications of caesarean section was calculated over the study period to find out the trends in caesarean delivery. The data so collected was presented with graphical representation. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software and t-test was used for continuous data and pearson chi square test for discrete data.Results: There were a total of 12373 deliveries during the study period out of which, 3701 had delivered via Caesarean Section. So, the rate of caesarean section in the study was found to be 29.91%.Conclusions: Being a tertiary care hospital, a high rate of caesarean deliveries was observed, Individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines, practice of evidenced-based obstetrics and audits in the institution, can help us limit caesarean section rates.

scholarly journals Instrumental delivery: a comparative study in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Bhanu B. T. ◽  
Anitha G. S.
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vertex Presentation

Background: To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of vacuum versus forceps application in assisted vaginal delivery.Methods: Women in labor with vertex presentation were delivered by indicated/propylactic vacuum or forceps. A total of 500 cases were included in this retrospective study. Maternal and neonatal morbidity were compared in terms of perineal lacerations, episiotomy extension, post-partum hemorrhage, Apgar score, neonatal jaundice, perinatal mortality, NICU admissions etc. Chi square test was used to analyze the data.Results: Maternal morbidity was significant in the forceps group. With regards to neonatal morbidity, in NICU admissions, statistically significant difference was noted.Conclusions: Vacuum and forceps should remain appropriate tools in the modern obstetrics. However, ventouse may be chosen first (if there is no fetal distress) as it is significantly less likely to injure the mother and decrease NICU admissions.

scholarly journals Incidence and Pattern of Adverse Events in Pentavalent Vaccine Recipients in Pune, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Barun Bhai Patel ◽  
Kapil Harish Pandya ◽  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Atul Kotwal
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hep B

Introduction: Safety monitoring of vaccines used in routine programmes on immunization is important in all settings. There is a lot of debate in the country about the relevance of the pentavalent vaccine in general and the Hib component in particular, in view of reports of deaths in children following immunization. This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence and profile of AEFI in children receiving pentavalent vaccine. Methods: A cohort study was conducted between May to Oct 2012, in a tertiary care hospital, Pune. Exposed groups received pentavalent vaccine, while the control received DPT or DPT + Hep B. Both the groups were followed up telephonically after 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr and 7 days following vaccination. 175 children in both groups were studied. Convenient sampling was done recruiting consecutive vaccinees till the sample size was achieved. Frequency, percentage, mean difference (T test) and chi square test was used to find associationResults: 100 % children were institutional delivery. In controls, 80 % received DPT and Hep B, rest received only DPT. Fever was present in 76.2 % among exposed and 26.7% among non-exposed. Presence of fever after 1 day following immunization was significantly associated with exposed group (P=0.003). In 19 % exposed group fever continued for 2nd day. Other side effects included swelling (4.8 %) and reduced appetite (4.8 %) among exposed.Conclusion: Pentavalent vaccine does not increase the probability of deaths among the vaccines vis-a-vis nor receivers. The profile of AEFI among both the groups, except fever, is similar as far as frequency and severity is concerned. 

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