scholarly journals Causes and Patterns of Tooth Extraction among the Patients Attending a Dental Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Jawad Ahmad Kundi ◽  
Sara Khan ◽  
Ambreen . ◽  
Sumaira Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Maxillary Arch

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the primary reasons for tooth extraction and the type of tooth involved in extraction.METHODOLOGYA cross-sectional study was conducted after the approval of the ethical committee of the hospital at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital from July 2015 to December 2015. A total of n=4230 permanent tooth extractions were included with female n=2532 and male n=1698. The primary reasons for tooth extraction specified were caries, periodontal diseases, prosthetic and orthodontic purposes, impaction and trauma. The data was analyzed using SPSS-22. Descriptive statistics was applied for causes and frequency of tooth extraction. Chi-square tests were performed using p ≤0.05 significance level to determine if any significant difference existed among the genders.RESULTSThe mean age presentation was 39.6±15.9 years and the age range 13-70 years. The female patient predominate n=2532 (59.85%) the male patients n=1698 (40.12%). Caries was the dominant cause of extraction in both subjects n=2652 (62.70%), followed by periodontal disease n=930 (22.00%), prosthetic purpose n=366 (8.70%), orthodontic purpose n=156 (3.70%) while cause of extraction due to trauma n=30 (0.70%) was the least one in both subjects. In female the dominant arch is mandibular arch n=1404 (55.45%) than maxillary arch n=1128 (44.55%) while in male maxillary arch n=906(53.36%) predominate the mandibular arch n=792 (46.64%). First permanent molars n=936(11.07% ) were the most common tooth type involved in tooth extraction in both genders [upper: n=408 (9.64%), lower: n=528 (12.50%)]. Upper central incisor n=120 (2.84%) is the least common tooth involved in tooth extraction. The chi-square test illustrates that there is no significant difference exist among both subjects (chi-square=0.9797, p=0.323).CONCLUSIONCaries is the dominant cause of extraction and the most frequent teeth involved in extraction is lower first molar.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene habits and status of orthodontic patients attending the University of Pretoria, Oral and Dental Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Noluthando L Buthelezi ◽  
Thomas K Madiba
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
University Of Pretoria ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits

Most orthodontic patients struggle to maintain good oral hygiene during treatment. To determine oral hygiene habits and status of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at University of Pretoria, Oral and Dental Hospital. A cross-sectional descriptive study. A modified, validated, self-administered questionnaire was used, and clinical examinations were conducted using Orthodontic Plaque Index, Gingival index, and Bleeding index. The questionnaire sought to determine knowledge and practice patterns. Data analysis included frequencies and correlations using chi-square test, with a significance of p<0.05.Fifty patients participated with 34(68%) being female with ages from 10 to 28 and a mean of 18,5. Seventy percent avoided sticky foodstuff, 74% used mouthwash, 56% flossed daily and 84% brushed twice daily. However, 82% consumed sugar containing drinks. Clinical exam revealed an Orthodontic Plaque Index mean of 2.6, Gingival Index mean of 0.1 while the Bleeding Index was 13.3 and 90% had normal gingiva. There was a significant difference in Gingival Index score between patients at age category 10-19 and 18-24 (p< 0.05). This study revealed a satisfactory oral hygiene status among patients at the institution with the majority of patients maintaining good oral hygiene practices. However, 82% consumed sugar sweetened beverages.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Parents about Bruxism in their Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Secil Calıskan DDS, PhD ◽  
Ebru Delikan DDS, MDs ◽  
Ayse Ozcan-Kucuk DDS, MDs
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Bruxism is a jaw muscle activity disorder characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and can be seen in both children and adults. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the parental knowledge about bruxism in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 265 parents whose children were attended at University of Mersin pediatric dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics. Children’s ages varied from 6 months to 16 years old. A 20-questioned questionnaire was used to collect the data. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 for statistical analysis (SPSS IBM, Turkey) program was used for the analysis. Results: A total of 265 parents (159 were female and 106 were male) participated in the study. The majority of the parents were between the ages of 31-40 (60.8%). The rate of clenching and grinding of teeth during sleep (21.5%) was higher than the rate when they were awake (7.2%). The ratio of the parents seeking treatment for their children because of this harmful habit was very low (3.8%). The majortiy of parents  (37.7%) reported that they seek help from dentists. The participants believed that bruxism was associated with dental problems (33.6%) and emotional factors (32.8%). A significant difference was found between the educational background of the parents and the ability to define bruxism. Conclusion: Parents had inadequate knowledge about bruxism in children and this was mostly related to the educational background of the parents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the accuracy of ultrasonography compared to histopathological findings in diagnosis of infectious maxillofacial swellings.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1812-1816
Author(s):  
Ijaz Ur Rehman ◽  
Samreen Younas ◽  
Salman Amin ◽  
Usman Tariq ◽  
Tahmasub Faraz Tayyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosis of infectious maxillofacial/swelling. Study Design: Simple Cross Sectional study. Setting: Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. Period: February 2016 to August 2016. Material & Methods: Conducted on 100 patients. The patients were evaluated with the ultrasound diagnostic modality. The ultrasound interpretation of all the cases was done and best possible diagnosis was made and recorded regarding diagnosis of infectious maxillofacial swellings. The incisional biopsy of every patient was done for histopathology. All findings of ultrasound and histopathology were entered to a proforma. Results: The average age of the patients was 35.81±14.31 years. In this study, 63% patients were males and 37% were females. Out of 100 patients, 70(70%) patients had infectious swelling while 30(30%) did not have infectious swelling. The sensitivity of ultrasonography was calculated as 84.72%, specificity was 67.86%, positive predictive value was 87.14%, negative predictive value was 63.33% and diagnostic accuracy was noted as 80% taking histopathology as gold standard. Conclusion: It was concluded from results of this study that ultrasonography has enough diagnostic accuracy to diagnose infectious swellings of maxillofacial region.

scholarly journals Assessing the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Balaji V ◽  
Mahathi ◽  
Sreedevi Dharman
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Experience ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Local anesthesia is more commonly used in dentistry to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient during surgical procedures involving bone and soft tissue. Hence, to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient should know ideal requirements before administering a dose. This study aims to assess the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. In this retrospective study, data were obtained from hospital records. The study aimed to evaluate the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. The data was obtained from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery from June 2019 - April 2020. A total of 2100 patient details were evaluated. The current study is done in a university setting. Ethical approval was obtained. The collected data were tabulated and statistically analysed using SPSS software (Version 21: IBM Corporation NY USA). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were calculated to explore the general features of the data. Pearson chi square test was done to statistically analyze the data. Patients of all age groups were included in this study. Around 14.5% of the patients were below 30 years, 40.7% of the patients were between the age of 30-50 years, and 55.2% of the patients were above 50 years old. Around 95.9%, 3.1%, 0.9% and 0.1 % were administered with 2, 3, 4 and 5 ml respectively, of which 55% and 45% were male and female patients respectively. Within the limits of this study, 95.9% were administered with 2ml for extracting a single tooth. 95.9% use ideal recommended dose and concentration for performing a single tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Hubungan bentuk lengkung rahang dan wajah berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada pasien edentulus penuh di RSGM USURelationship of jaw arch and face shape based on sex in fully edentulous patients at North Sumatra University Dental Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nia Veronica Sipayung ◽  
Ismet Danial Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Face ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Pendahuluan: Edentulus merupakan keadaan hilangnya seluruh gigi permanen pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah di dalam rongga mulut. Kehilangan seluruh gigi menyebabkan resorpsi pada tulang alveolar. Resorpsi yang terjadi mengakibatkan perubahan pada bentuk lengkung rahang yang dapat menyebabkan perbedaan bentuk lengkung rahang atas dan bawah. Perbedaan ini dapat disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan arah dan besar resorpsi pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Pada umumnya bentuk lengkung rahang berkaitan dengan bentuk wajah. Bentuk lengkung rahang dan wajah dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu, square, ovoid, dan tapering. Perbedaan bentuk lengkung rahang dan wajah dapat menyebabkan masalah dalam pemilihan bentuk anasir gigi tiruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi bentuk lengkung rahang atas, rahang bawah, dan bentuk wajah, dan hubungan bentuk lengkung rahang dan wajah berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada pasien edentulus penuh. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan sampel penelitian pasien edentulus penuh dan model studi pasien edentulus penuh yang masih utuh pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah di RSGM USU sebanyak 40 orang. Setiap pasien dilakukan foto frontal wajah dan setiap model dilakukan pengukuran pada titik yang telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan kaliper digital, kemudian hasil yang didapat dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil: Pada jenis kelamin laki-laki distribusi bentuk lengkung rahang atas lebih banyak berbentuk square dan rahang bawah lebih banyak berbentuk ovoid, pada jenis kelamin perempuan distribusi bentuk lengkung rahang atas dan bawah lebih banyak berbentuk ovoid. Distribusi bentuk wajah pada jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih banyak berbentuk tapering dan pada jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak berbentuk ovoid. Pada hasil penelitian ini bentuk lengkung rahang atas memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan bentuk wajah. Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara bentuk lengkung rahang bawah dan wajah pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini bentuk lengkung rahang atas dan wajah dapat dijadikan panduan dalam pemilihan bentuk anasir gigi tiruan penuh untuk memenuhi faktor estetis pada pasien.Kata kunci : Edentulus, resorpsi, lengkung rahang, wajah, gigi tiruan penuh ABSTRACTIntroduction: Edentulous is the condition of the loss of all permanent teeth in the upper jaw and lower jaw in the oral cavity. Loss of all teeth causes resorption of the alveolar bone. The resorption that occurs results in changes in the shape of the jaw arch which can cause differences in the shape of the upper and lower jaw arches. This difference can be caused by differences in direction and extent of resorption in the maxilla and mandible. In general, the shape of the jaw is related to the shape of the face. The shape of the arch of the jaw and face is divided into three, namely, square, ovoid, and tapering. The difference in the shape of the arch of the jaw and the face can cause problems in the selection of the shape of the denture. This study was aimed to determine the distribution of the shape of the maxillary arch, lower jaw and face shape, and the relationship of the shape of the jaw arch and face based on sex in fully edentulous patients. Methods: The design of this study was analytic descriptive using a cross-sectional method with research samples of full Edentulous patients and full Edentulous patient study models that were still intact in the maxilla and mandible at North Sumatra Unversity Dental Hospital as many as 40 people. Each patient had a frontal photo of the face, and each model was measured at a predetermined point using a digital calliper, then the results obtained were analysed by chi-square test. Results: In the male, the distribution of the shape of the maxillary arch was more square in shape, and the lower jaw was more ovoid in shape, in the female the distribution of the upper and lower jaw arch was more ovoid in shape. The distribution of facial shapes in the male gender is more in the form of tapering and the female gender more in the form of ovoid. In this study the shape of the maxillary arch has a significant relationship with the shape of the face. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the shape of the lower arch and face in the male and female gender, so based on the results of this study the shape of the maxillary arch and face can be used as a guide in the selection of the full denture shape to meet the aesthetic factors in patients.Keywords: Edentulous, resorption, jaw arch, face, complete denture

scholarly journals Prevalence and Assessment of Experience of Dental Caries Among School Going Adolescents in A Rural Area of Sylhet, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Sadia Akther Sony ◽  
Fariha Haseen ◽  
Syed Shariful Islam ◽  
Ishrat Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Background: Socio-epidemiological data of dental caries helps to plan effective community interventions.Objective: To estimate the prevalence and assess the experience of dental caries among school going adolescents in a rural area of Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was donein Sylhet District in Bangladesh, between January and December of 2014. Students of class VIII, IX and X, aged 12-16 years were taken for the study. A total of 90 studentswere divided into 12-14 years and 15-16 years age groups using simple random sampling technique. A pre-designed, self-administered questionnaire was used for demographic survey. Students were examined for dental caries. Assessment of Experience of dental caries was done by Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth (DMFT) index.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 14.37±0.50 years. Females were 68(75.6%) and males were 22(24.4%). 31(34.4%), 30 (33.3%) and 29(32.2%) were from VIII, IX and X respectively. The older age group (15-16 years) had more decayed teeth than that of 12-14 years group (2.28 vs. 1.46; p=0.04). The mean DMFT score was lower in male compared to female (1.43 vs. 2.30; p>0.05).There was significant difference in the total DMFT score among the classes (p=0.009). Mean DMFT score was 1.88. Caries prevalence was 42.2% in the maxillary arch and 58.9% in the mandibular arch. Among males, the mandibular arch showed a higher caries level (63.64%) than the maxillary arch (40%), while in females, in maxillary and mandibular archeswere 42.64% and 42.65% respectively (p>0.05).Conclusion: 64.4% of the study population had dental caries with male predominance; mandibular arch was more involved.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 336-340

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

Association of Rugae Pattern with Skeletal Malocclusion in Orthodontic Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarwat Memon
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Background: The palatal rugae are special constructions that are inalterable in their position and pattern during the lifestyles of an individual. This imparts them an exceptional role in the forensic dentistry and may play potential role in malocclusion identification. This study was aimed to see association of rugae pattern with sagittal skeletal malocclusion in orthodontic patients visiting tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional examination was completed on pretreatment records (lateral Cephalometric radiographs and maxillary dental casts) of 384 subjects at the orthodontic department of Ziauddin Dental Hospital, Karachi. The study duration was from January to July 2019. The samples were sub-divided into three sagittal skeletal groups based on ANB angle proposed by Steiner’s on lateral Cephalometric radiographs (Class I with ANB angle between 0° to 4°; Class II: ANB angle greater than 5°; Class III: ANB angle less than 0°). The shapes of three most-anterior primary rugae were then evaluated bilaterally using Kapali et al., Classification. Chi Square test was applied to find association of rugae pattern among sagittal skeletal malocclusions groups. Results: Circular and curved rugae shapes were the most prevalent in all skeletal malocclusions. The primary palatal rugae pattern was seen to be significantly different among three skeletal malocclusion groups (p<0.05). The right and left sided palatal rugae pattern showed significant difference in all three skeletal malocclusion groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed no specific palatal rugae pattern associated with sagittal skeletal malocclusion. Further studies on larger sample and use of modern 3D technologies to scan the maxillary casts are required for results that are more precise.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and perception of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty amongst healthcare professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamal ◽  
Mohammad Abdulwahab ◽  
Ahmed Al-Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
General Public ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

Abstract Background Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study indicates the need to increase awareness especially towards cosmetic surgery procedures, and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document