scholarly journals Knowledge of Rabies Vis-A-Vis Dog Bite Exposure among Non-Victimized People within Srinagar District of Kashmir Valley, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 644-651
Author(s):  
Namera Thahaby ◽  
Afzal Hoque Akand ◽  
Abdul Hai Bhat ◽  
Shabeer Ahmed Hamdani ◽  
Idrees Mehraj Allaie
Keyword(s):  
Community Support ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Community Information ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
The City

Objective: People have low information regarding rabies and its prevention. Understanding community information on rabies is vitally attributable to their influence on post-exposure treatment-seeking behavior as community support is important for rabies bar and management program. Methods: The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Regarding perception of people interview schedule was formulated. As per Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC), the city is divided into two divisions; four zones and 34 wards. To exploit the diversity of population response, all the four zones were considered for the present investigation. Results: Regarding knowledge of non-victimized people it was seen they were aware, but they lacked a complete perception of rabies. The greater parts of respondents had heard of rabies (81.25%) and were awake of its spread through dog bites; however they lacked the information about the other animals transmitting rabies. This faction has enhanced communication and information regarding what is happening in their dwelling, counting dog bites as well. Bite was being mentioned (70.93%) by most of the respondents as a means of transmission but only some of the respondents mentioned scratches and licking as the method of transmission. This could due to lack of complete acuity of the disease rabies. In our community rabies is well-known as mad dog (halkaer houn) which is allied through aggression. Aggression was thus known by most of the respondents (35.20%) which is in stroke amid the verity that furious form of rabies is widespread in animals. Regarding about the treatment, the majority were aware that the SMHS (95.31%) hospital provides vaccines and the respondents didn’t choose any traditional methods. Some respondents knew about the need of prompt washing of the wound by water and soap (25%). Victims would seek medical attention, potentially due to fear of rabies. Conclusion: The good level of knowledge amongst the non-victims may be due to numerous reports of dog’s bites in Srinagar plus they were more educated. Factors influencing enhanced awareness and practices incorporated elevated socioeconomic rank and education signifying that the maximum menace of rabies is probable to fall on the mainly susceptible sectors of society, particularly poor members with slight or no proper education.

The genus Synura (Synurales, Synurophyceae) in small urban rivers of Nizhniy Novgorod

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Gusev ◽  
O. S. Perminova ◽  
N. A. Startseva ◽  
A. G. Okhapkin
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Special Studies ◽  
The City

The latest special studies of the genus Synura in Russia were conducted in the 1970s. In the last decade, 14 new species of the genus were described based on molecular and morphological data. The total number of valid taxa of the genus has increased to 49. Only 18 taxa of Synura are known in Russia up to date, and the diver sity of the genus on this huge territory is strongly underestimated. Previous studies of the genus were focused mainly on large lakes or reservoirs. To reveal a more complete flora, it is necessary to include other habitats into account. Small urban rivers can be prospective habitats for interesting taxa including synuralean algae. Our study focuses on the taxonomic composition of the genus Synura in four small rivers in Nizhniy Novgorod (European Russia): Chyornaya, Levinka, Borzovka and Rzhavka. All the rivers flow in the city and fall under strong anthropogenic impact. The genus Synura was studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy during 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015. In total, eight species and one form of Synura have been found: S. conopea, S. curtispina, S. echinulata, S. glabra, S. macropora, S. petersenii, S. spinosa f. spinosa, S. spinosa f. longispina, S. uvella. All nine taxa were observed in the river Chyornaya. Five taxa were found in the rivers Levinka, Borzovka and Rzhavka. One species (Synura conopea) is a new record to the flora of Russia. It was found in all studied rivers. Four taxa (S. conopea, S. glabra, S. macropora, S. spinosa f. longispina) are new records to the Middle Volga river basin.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Potato Growers About Improved Potato Production Technology in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Aibanroy Lyngkhoi ◽  
Dipak Kumar Bose ◽  
Jahanara Jahanara
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

The study was conducted in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya to measure the knowledge level of potato growers about improved production technology. A total number of 120 respondents were selected randomly from ten villages under Mylliem block because productivity, production and area under potato cultivation were found to be maximum. The data were collected by personnel interview method by using pre- tested interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful results. The findings of the study revealed that majority (61.67%) of the respondents belonged to the middle- aged group, 67.50 per cent of the respondents mainly depended on agriculture as their main occupation and 47.50 per cent of the respondents had an educational attainment up to primary level. The findings also revealed that majority (50.83%) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge towards improved potato production technology followed by 30% and 19.17% of the respondents with low and high levels of knowledge respectively.

scholarly journals Preventing Dog Bites: It Is Not Only about the Dog

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Reese ◽  
Joshua J. Vertalka
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Feral Dogs ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The City

Background: Dog bites can have an array of negative health impacts on victims. Research focusing on the correlates of bites focused on limited sets of variables and produced conflicting findings. Objective: To expand knowledge about the correlates of dog bites by exploring a comprehensive set of variables related to the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite not commonly explored in extant research. Methods: Data were drawn from police department reports of dog bites in the city of Detroit between 2007–2015; 478 dog bites were reported. Multiple regression was used to determine the significant correlates of dog bites, focusing on the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite. Results: Bites were caused by a neighborhood dog. Thirty-two percent of the reports involved dogs running loose; 25% dogs that had escaped from a fenced or unfenced yard; 9% escaped from their home; and 8% had broken off a chain, were being walked, or were in their own home. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Breed of dog was not correlated with bites in multiple regression. Conclusions: The greatest risk of bites does not come from wandering feral dogs. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Human error often contributes to bites.

The Mediating Effects of Community Support For Sustainable Tourism, Community Attachment, Involvement, and Environmental Attitudes

2020 ◽  
pp. 109634802098012
Author(s):  
Francisco Orgaz-Agüera ◽  
Mario Castellanos-Verdugo ◽  
José Alberto Acosta Guzmán ◽  
Mar Cobeña ◽  
María de los Ángeles Oviedo-García
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Community Attachment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Tourism Community ◽  
The City ◽  
New Framework

Community attachment is a key factor for both the perceptions and the attitudes of residents including the tourism activities within it. Besides, residents’ participation in the tourism development process influences their support for the development of tourism activities. Finally, the environmental attitudes of residents are essential for the sustainability of natural resources. A total of 722 structured questionnaires to residents of the city of Santiago de los Caballeros gathered information about community attachment, environmental activity, support for tourism, perceptions, and involvement toward the natural resources of the Yaque del Norte River (the longest of the Dominican Republic). The results, using partial least squares, showed the relevant relations between the variables researched and offer a new framework on which to reflect, for the assessment of the relations between community attachment and support for sustainable tourism, together with the involvement and the attitudes of the community.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Chagas disease in a bolivian population living in Valencia, Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Salvador-Gil ◽  
Ana I. Usero-Ruiz ◽  
Julio Muñoz-Miguel ◽  
Rafael Manuel Ortí-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Fundamentals: Migration movements between countries have enabled the extension of Chagas disease to non-endemic countries such as Spain, where only recently there has been awareness of this emerging global disease and procedures have been put in place for its management. The objective of this study is to determine the level of knowledge of Chagas disease, its symptoms, means of transmission and places where seropositive residents in Valencia (Spain) may seek medical assistance. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of 96 Bolivian migrants living in Valencia (Spain). The sample was randomly selected and taking advantage of the bolivian elections in 2014. A specific epidemiological survey was conducted and screening blood tests were carried out using ELISA and confirmatory diagnosis by indirect immunofluorescence. After the bivariate analysis, logistic regression models were created to determine the variables that accounted for the lack of knowledge of the disease.Results: The prevalence of Chagas was 35.4%. However, 24% of the total sample and 26.1% of seropositive participants do not know about the disease and 70.8% of participants do not know about the symptoms of the disease. While 58.3% (41.1% of seropositive participants) ignore what the means of transmission in non-endemic countries are and 47.1% do not know where to seek medical attention. This ignorance is predominant in participants over 45 years of age and with lower levels of education.Conclusions: There is an important lack of knowledge of the disease which, along with the issue of a high prevalence, elevates Chagas disease into being a potential public health problem which requires specific control and preventive measures.

Knowledge and skills for accessing agricultural information by rural farmers in South-East Nigeria

IFLA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 034003522095183
Author(s):  
Ugonna B Fidelugwuowo
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Frequency Counts

Rural farmers make up the majority of crop producers in any developing economy. Their level of access to agricultural information stems from the knowledge and skills they possess. This article aims to identify the sources of agricultural information and the level of knowledge and skills rural farmers possess for accessing such information in South-East Nigeria. A structured interview schedule and focus group discussions were used to collect relevant data. The method of analysis involves frequency counts, percentages and means. The study reveals that 41.7% of the respondents were between the ages of 41 and 50, while 62.6% were married, 84.8% were Christians and 29.8% had no formal education. The major source of agricultural information was through friends and co-workers, while the knowledge and skills they possessed for accessing agricultural information were generally low. The work provides an objective framework and measure of the existing competencies, and identifies the need for further skills acquisition.

Development of strategic water reserve for the Holy City of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Water Reserve ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Subsurface Dam ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural Recharge

This contribution presents part of the work that had been done to develop the water resources in Wadi Naman east of Makkah City to form a strategic water reserve for the city of Makkah and the nearby holy shrines. The aim of the strategic water reserve is to be used as water supply in emergencies when the desalination plant or the pipelines from the desalination plant to the city have to be out of the service for a considerable amount of time due to planned or unplanned shutdowns. The development plan calls for a constructing of a subsurface dam across the Wadi at a prescribed location. The proposed subsurface dam will extend from 3 m below the natural ground surface to a depth of 2–3 metres inside solid bedrock. The suggested dam may be constructed using plain plastic concrete and utilizing the diaphragm wall technique for construction. The crest of the subsurface dam can serve as a buried spillway to convey access water downstream and the overflow freeboard will provide a room for utilities that passes through the wadi to serve cities and villages upstream. The alluvium thickness upstream of the proposed dam location is ranging from 20–70 m and the total volume of the alluvium behind the dam that can store water is 218 × 106 m3. Pumping test revealed that the transmissivity is 1,376 m2/day and the yield storage coefficient is 0.15. The safe water yield that can be stored in the alluvium behind the dam due to natural recharge of 6.53 × 106 m3/year and interception of the groundwater flow by the dam can reach an amount of 32.7 million cubic metres of water in a period of about 5 years from the date of completion of the dam. This amount of water can serve the city and the nearby holy shrines for a period of up to four months with a good demand management program. However, to maintain the desired levels of water quality and quantity in the reservoir and to minimize the adverse effect of the dam on the downstream area a very strict management program of the basin has to be followed. This management program can be used to control the urban and rural development in the area upstream of the dam and enhancing artificial and natural recharge in the upstream and downstream sides of the dam.

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY OF VEHICLE MONITORING LOCATIONS FOR A VOLUNTARY TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonho Ko ◽  
Daejin Kim ◽  
Heung Gweon Sin ◽  
Seungjae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Travel Demand Management ◽  
Vehicle Monitoring ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The City

As many people are concerned about sustainable urban transportation systems, Travel Demand Management (TDM) is getting more attention as a viable option to reduce automobile dependency on an efficient way. Especially, voluntary participation-based TDM by offering incentives has been applied in many cities in recent years. The city of Seoul with 10 million population is offering incentives including an annual vehicle tax discount to increase the participation of Weekly No-driving Day (WND) program, a voluntary TDM program encouraging drivers to leave their cars home at least one weekday a week. The compliance of the program rule is monitored by Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) systems. In this study, to check the efficiency of the RFID monitoring system, the flow capturing location model is utilized to evaluate the adequateness of the RFID reader locations. Also, this paper proposes an optimal detection rate for the WND program based on economic evaluation results in consideration of costs and benefits of the program.

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