scholarly journals Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Alhasnawi ◽  
Basil Jasim ◽  
Bayadir Issa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Message Queue

The scarcity of clean water resources around the globe has generated a need for their optimum utilization. Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, based on the application-specific sensors’ data acquisition and intelligent processing, are bridging the gaps between the cyber and physical worlds. IoT based smart irrigation management systems can help in achieving optimum water-resource utilization in the precision farming landscape. This paper presents an open-source technology-based smart system to predict the irrigation requirements of a field using the sensing of ground parameters like soil moisture, soil temperature, and environmental conditions along with the weather forecast data from the Internet. The sensing nodes, involved in the ground and environmental sensing, consider soil moisture, air temperature, and relative humidity of the crop field. This mainly focused on wastage of water, which is a major concern of the modern era. It is also time-saving, allows a user to monitor environmental data for agriculture using a web browser and Email, cost-effectiveness, environmental protection, low maintenance and operating cost and efficient irrigation service. The proposed system is made up of two parts: hardware and software. The hardware consists of a Base Station Unit (BSU) and several Terminal Nodes (TNs). The software is made up of the programming of the Wi-Fi network and the system protocol. In this paper, an MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transportation) broker was built on the BSU and TU board.

scholarly journals Desarrollo de un sistema inalámbrico escalable de medición de humedad del suelo en un cultivo de vid

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Ortega-Corral César ◽  
B. Ricardo Eaton-González ◽  
Florencio López Cruz ◽  
Laura Rocío, Díaz-Santana Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Different Depths

We present a wireless system applied to precision agriculture, made up of sensor nodes that measure soil moisture at different depths, applied to vine crops where drip irrigation is applied. The intention is to prepare a system for scaling, and to create a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that communicates by radio frequency with a base station (ET), so that the gathered data is stored locally and can be sent out an Internet gateway.

Monitoring of Soil Moisture and Atmospheric Sensors with Internet of Things (IoT) Applied in Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Dutra Coelho ◽  
Bruno Guilherme Dias ◽  
Wanderson de Oliveira Assis ◽  
Fernando de Almeida Martins ◽  
Rogerio Cassares Pires
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture

scholarly journals DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SENSOR DE UMIDADE DO SOLO UTILIZANDO O PRINCÍPIO DA RESISTÊNCIA ELÉTRICA

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Francisco Aécio de Lima Pereira ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Suedêmio de Lima Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Irrigation Planning ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Marble Powder

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SENSOR DE UMIDADE DO SOLO UTILIZANDO O PRINCÍPIO DA RESISTÊNCIA ELÉTRICA     FRANCISCO AÉCIO DE LIMA PEREIRA1; JOSÉ FRANCISMAR DE MEDEIROS2; NILDO DA SILVA DIAS2; FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ2; SUEDÊMIO DE LIMA SILVA3 E MIGUEL FERREIRA NETO2   1Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Campus Caraúbas, (Avenida Universitária Leto Fernandes, Sítio Esperança II, CEP: 59780-000, Caraúbas/RN – Brasil), [email protected]. 2Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Campus Mossoró (Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Bairro Costa e Silva, CEP: 59.625-900, Mossoró/RN, Brasil), [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 3Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Campus Mossoró (Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Bairro Costa e Silva, CEP: 59.625-900, Mossoró/RN, Brasil), [email protected]     1 RESUMO   A determinação do teor de água do solo é usada para decisões de manejo de irrigação. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar tipos de eletrodos e materiais de enchimento e encapsulamento no desempenho de sensores de umidade do solo. Com base no princípio da resistência elétrica, diferentes sensores foram confeccionados e avaliados em um delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial de 2 x 5, com dois eletrodos (20 x 5 e 15 x 5 mm) e cinco materiais de enchimento e encapsulamento (areia grossa + gesso com 30% pó de mármore, areia fina + gesso com 30% pó de mármore, lã de vidro + gesso com 30% pó de mármore, areia fina + gesso com 30% areia fina e areia grossa + gesso com 30% areia fina), com quatro repetições. Os resultados indicaram que os eletrodos de anéis concêntricos de tela de inox fixados com resina de poliéster mantêm uniforme as leituras de condutividade elétrica na medição da tensão da água no solo. Os eletrodos de 20 x 5 preenchidos com areia fina e encapsulado com gesso + pó de mármore foram mais sensíveis às baixas tensões e com leituras mais precisas da umidade do solo.   Palavras-chave: agricultura de precisão, eficiência do uso da água, manejo da irrigação.     PEREIRA, J. A. L; MEDEIROS, J. F.; DIAS, N. S.; SÁ, F. V. S.; SILVA, S. L.; FERREIRA NETO, M. DEVELOPMENT OF SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR USING THE PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRIC RESISTANCE     2 ABSTRACT   The determination of soil water content is used for irrigation planning decisions. This study aimed to evaluate electrode types and filling and encapsulation materials on the performance of soil moisture sensors. Based on the principle of electric resistance, different sensors were made and evaluated in a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with two electrodes (20 x 5 and 15 x 5 mm) and five filling and encapsulation materials (coarse sand + gypsum with 30% marble powder, 30% fine sand + 30% marble sand, 30% sand and gypsum with 30% sand) with four replicates. The results indicated that the concentric stainless steel mesh ring electrodes fixed with polyester resin keep the electrical conductivity readings uniform in the measurement of soil water tension. The 20 x 5 electrode filled with fine sand and encapsulated with gypsum + marble powder were more sensitive to low voltages and with more accurate readings of soil moisture.   Keywords: precision agriculture, water use efficiency, irrigation management.

scholarly journals INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) APPLICATIONS USING THE LORAWAN PROTOCOL FOR MONITORING IRRIGATED LAND

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
V. P. Kovalchuk ◽  
T. V. Matіash ◽  
V. V. Knysh ◽  
O. P. Voitovich ◽  
A. V. Kruchenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Signal ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Terminal Units ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article analyzes available information on the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for agriculture. It is pointed out that for large areas remote from cities and power supply sources for fields and farms, the construction of traditional communication channels is expensive enough, and classical mobile technologies for solving business problems are only partially suitable. Therefore, the article analyzes the practical approaches to using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor irrigated lands. The possibility of connecting soil moisture, temperature, pressure, direction and speed wind sensors based on LoRaWAN protocol to Internet gateways (base stations) without payment for cellular communication, additional power supply, deployment of complex Wi-Fi networks in the field was studied. Practical results on the characteristics of the sensors in the field, setting up a guaranteed LoRaWAN base station (gateway) connection, technical characteristics and causes of possible equipment malfunction were obtained. That is, the purpose of the study was to develop a budget solution for practical research and use of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol to monitor weather and soil moisture on irrigated lands. Among the main results of the study are the following. Equipment features and the specifics of sensors allocation and their terrain settings based on LoRaWAN protocol were studied, in particular: technical characteristics (operating frequencies, material, length, connection types and antenna placement height, radio signal transmission range and quality); use of different power sources (different types of batteries and solar panels surfaces); features of field operation (possible interference with radio signal propagation, dependence on the effect of pests, temperature fluctuations); encryption when exchanging data. A budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands was developed. A wireless monitoring network based on the LoRaWAN protocol was deployed in the irrigated fields of the SE ES of Askaniye of Kakhovsky District State in the Kherson region, consisting of 1 base station and 5 terminal units up to 2 km away. It was found that LoRa technology enables to control the channel expansion coefficient by determining the data transmitted over a period of time. It is determined that for the successful operation of wireless systems, an important issue is the proper radio planning and designing solutions for specific customer tasks. When deploying wireless networks, basic requirements for the reliability of the base stations and terminal units were identified and investigated. The developed budget solution for practical research and application of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol was compared with the Pessl Instruments GmbH and Davis Instruments Co brand developments to monitor weather, soil moisture on irrigated lands were. Among the most important findings are the development of a budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands consisting of 1 base station (gateway) of and 5 terminal units (monitoring stations). The coverage area of the base station with a base antenna for LoRaWAN was 0.6 km, with augmented and refined antenna - 2 km. Sensor data is advisable to transmit in 30-40 bytes per a send, with an expansion factor of SF = 12 without loss of quality. The best signal quality was ensured in the line of sight from the base station to the monitoring station.

scholarly journals Towards a Low-Cost Precision Viticulture System Using Internet of Things Devices

IoT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Spachos
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Precision Viticulture ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Precision Agriculture (PA) is an ever-expanding field that takes modern technological advancements and applies it to farming practices to reduce waste and increase output. One advancement that can play a significant role in achieving precision agriculture is wireless technology, and specifically the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Small, inch scale and low-cost devices can be used to monitor great agricultural areas. In this paper, a system for precision viticulture which uses IoT devices for real-time monitoring is proposed. The different components of the system are programmed properly and the interconnection between them is designed to minimize energy consumption. Wireless sensor nodes measure soil moisture and soil temperature in the field and transmit the information to a base station. If the conditions are optimal for a disease or pest to occur, a drone flies towards the area. When the drone is over the node, pictures are captured and then it returns to the base station for further processing. The feasibility of the system is examined through experimentation in a realistic scenario.

scholarly journals An Agile AI and IoT-Augmented Smart Farming: A Cost-Effective Cognitive Weather Station

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Amine Faid ◽  
Mohamed Sadik ◽  
Essaid Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Set Up

Internet of Things (IoT) can be seen as the electricity of 21st century. It has been reshaping human life daily during the last decade, with various applications in several critical domains such as agriculture. Smart farming is a real-world application in which Internet of Things (IoT) technologies like agro-weather stations can have a direct impact on humans by enhancing crop quality, supporting sustainable agriculture, and eventually generating steady growth. Meanwhile, most agro-weather solutions are neither customized nor affordable for small farmers within developing countries. Furthermore, due to the outdoor challenges, it is often a challenge to develop and deploy low-cost yet robust systems. Robustness, which is determined by several factors, including energy consumption, portability, interoperability, and system’s ease of use. In this paper, we present an agile AI-Powered IoT-based low-cost platform for cognitive monitoring for smart farming. The hybrid Multi-Agent and the fully containerized system continuously surveys multiple agriculture parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure to provide end-users with real-time environmental data and AI-based forecasts. The surveyed data is ensured through several heterogeneous nodes deployed within the base station and in the open sensing area. The collected data is transmitted to the local server for pre-processing and the cloud server for backup. The system backbone communication is based on heterogeneous protocols such as MQTT, NRF24L01, and WiFi for radio communication. We also set up a user-friendly web-based graphical user interface (GUI) to support different user profiles. The overall platform design follows an agile approach to be easy to deploy, accessible to maintain, and continuously modernized.

QoS Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Vinay Rishiwal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
End To End

Background & Objective: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consist of huge number of tiny senor nodes. WSN collects environmental data and sends to the base station through multi-hop wireless communication. QoS is the salient aspect in wireless sensor networks that satisfies end-to-end QoS requirement on different parameters such as energy, network lifetime, packets delivery ratio and delay. Among them Energy consumption is the most important and challenging factor in WSN, since the senor nodes are made by battery reserved that tends towards life time of sensor networks. Methods: In this work an Improve-Energy Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Hierarchy (I-EAMMH) QoS based routing approach has been proposed and evaluated that reduces energy consumption and delivers data packets within time by selecting optimum cost path among discovered routes which extends network life time. Results and Conclusion: Simulation has been done in MATLAB on varying number of rounds 400- 2000 to checked the performance of proposed approach. I-EAMMH is compared with existing routing protocols namely EAMMH and LEACH and performs better in terms of end-to-end-delay, packet delivery ratio, as well as reduces the energy consumption 13%-19% and prolongs network lifetime 9%- 14%.

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