scholarly journals Simulation of the joint processing of pyrrhotite concentrate and nickeliferous oxidized ore

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Klyushnikov ◽  
◽  
Evgeny N. Selivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Oxidative Roasting ◽  
Nickel Ores ◽  
Oxidized Nickel Ore ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

In this paper the issues of improving the efficiency of processing of pyrrhotite concentrates and magnesia-silicate nickeliferous ores are reviewed. An original technology is proposed, its basic stages are partial oxidative roasting of the concentrate and joint contractile melting the calcine with nickel ores to gain matte. Roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate allows to extract 70-80% of sulfur from the concentrate into gases riched with SO2, reduce desulfurization during melting and extract nickel, copper, cobalt and precious metals from both raw materials into the matte. The implementation of fluxing potential of nickel ore completely eliminates the use of fluxes during smelting and increases the specific productivity of metallurgical units in concern of raw materials. On the laboratory scale, the modeling of the main technological operations is performed to justify the technology. The possibility of separation of slag and matte with joint reagent-free melting (1400 ºC) of the product of partial oxidative roasting and oxidized nickel ore, taken in equal quantities, is theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed. Parameters of the roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate: temperature 800 ºС, desulfurization degree 71.7%. Pyrrhotite concentrate contained (% wt.) 1.9 Ni, 0.2 Cu, and 0.06 Co. Oxidized nickel ore contained (%wt.) 1.2 Ni, and 0.06 Co. The slag basicity module (about 1) provides relatively low content of non-ferrous metals in the slag (% wt.): 0.24 Ni, 0.08 Co, and 0.04 Cu. Matte contained (%wt.) 8.9 Ni, 0.22 Co, 0.5 Cu, 58.7 Fe, 25.0 S, and 6.6 O. Extraction level in the matte was 87.8% nickel, 48.0% cobalt, and 73.3% copper from their content in the initial mixture. High levels of matte enrichment degree with respect to the charge were achieved; their values were 5.5 for nickel, 5.7 for cobalt, and 4.5 for copper. Desulfurization degree during melting and metallization degree of matte were close to zero. The matte was suitable for processing with known routes. The results are expected to be used in the development of technologies aimed to resumption of processing of oxidized nickeliferous ores from the Ural deposits.

scholarly journals The periclase-chromite refractory decomposition by the action of the pulverized coal and gas medium in course of copper-sulfide raw materials processing

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
A. M. Klyushnikov ◽  
E. N. Selivanov ◽  
K. V. Pikulin ◽  
V. V. Belyaev ◽  
A. B. Lebed' ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Refractory Powder ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Refractory Surface ◽  
Gas Medium

The investigating results are given for the periclase-chromite refractories' composition and structure which are in contact with the pulverized coal and gas medium in the coppersulfide smelting furnaces. The high-temperature burnt copper concentrate and the sulfur dioxide gas suspensions combined action changes the surface and deep refractories layers chemical composition, with that the impurities content reach the value in weight percent: Fe 54,0, Cu 7,2, Zn 6,4, S 1,8. The refractory's surface layer saturation with the iron and non-ferrous metals oxides decreases the porosity and gives rise to low-melting compositions and eutectics. The refractory decomposition is induced by the shelling of the refractory surface layers with the filled porous taking place in course of the heating-cooling cycling because of the phase's thermal linear expansion coefficients. When the spent refractory disposal, it is feasible to separate mechanically the surface layer for the non-ferrous metals extracting, the rest part can be used for obtaining the refractory powder of various purpose.

scholarly journals The Results of Studying the Technique of Making Golden Horde Products Made of Non-Ferrous Metals (from the Collection of the Volgograd Regional Museum of Local Lore)

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Kseniya Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Subsequent Processing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Cast Products

Introduction. The article is devoted to the results of tracing research of things made of non-ferrous metals from the collections of Tsarevskoe, Vodyanskoe, and Mechetnoe settlements, stored in the funds of the Volgograd regional museum of local lore. Method. The author used the method of tracing. The digital microscope DigiMicro 2.0. was used to record the results of observation. Analysis. The author studied 63 products and allocated two large groups: 1) cast products and 2) forged products. The study fixed the following operations for cast products: the use of open and closed molds, casting in composite forms, casting by the smelted model, by the impression, liner casting. In group 2, the following methods of forging were singled out: forming forging, punching, drawing and forging of wire, bending, drawing, twisting, hacking, cutting. Soldering was used to connect the elements. After forming, most of the products passed the subsequent processing associated with the removal of defects (primarily post-casting) and the application of decor (hammering, engraving, stamping, polishing). In addition, the decor could be formed during the creation of the mold (cast decor). Results. As a result of the study, it was noted the use of a wide range of techniques and operations with a comparative technological simplicity for most products. It was also noticed that a few things have been specially prepared for the processing, and it demonstrates the use of secondary raw materials.

scholarly journals Assessing possibility of technogenic raw material processing using ultra-low concentrations of sodium cyanide

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1105-1112
Author(s):  
Anastasia Vasilkova ◽  
◽  
Alexander Byvaltsev ◽  
Olga Khmelnitskaya ◽  
Grigory Voiloshnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sodium Cyanide ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Reagent Consumption ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

The purpose of the study is to conduct experiments in order to determine the possibility of technogenic gold-bearing raw material cyanidation using ultra-low concentrations of NaCN. Experiments are carried out on the cyanidation of three samples of technogenic raw materials of different composition. The first sample consists of pyrite cinders (Au - 1.8-2.3 g/t, Ag - 13-22 g/t, Fe - 48.52%, Cu - 0.15-0.30%, Zn - 0.3-0.6%). The second sample is represented by the aged tailings of copper-zinc flotation (sample I) with the content of Au - 0.8 g/t, Ag - 7.0 g/t, Fe - 17.2%, Cu - 0.212%, Zn - 0.207%. The next object is the copper-zinc flotation tailings of a concentration plant (sample II), with the following content of Au - 1.22 g/t, Ag - 15.2 g/t, Cu - 0.13%, Zn - 0.23%. It is recommended to use an aqueous wash from non-ferrous metals with subsequent lime treatment as a preliminary processing of pyrite cinders. Cyanidation is carried out at different consumptions of reagent: from 0.075 to 3 kg/t. The experiments have shown that gold recovery in this range of NaCN consumption varies from 42.9 to 44.2%; moreover, a decrease in the reagent consumption allows to reduce the concentration of non-ferrous metal ions in cyanidation solutions. Before cyanidation sample I has also been subjected to aqueous wash to remove acid and non-ferrous metals. NaCN consumption varies from 0.25 to 2.2 kg/t. In this case the extraction of gold amounts to 36.6-46.4%. Cyanidation of tailings (sample II) is carried out in the range of 0.15-1.2 kg/t of NaCN. Gold recovery varies from 24.1 to 30.9%. The cyanidation technology of technogenic raw materials in the field of ultra-low concentrations of sodium cyanide is promising, since it provides acceptable gold recovery under low reagent consumption. For further research in the field of development of an extraction technology of valuable components, the flotation tailings of copper-zinc production (sample II) are chosen as a promising object. It is planned to carry out semi-industrial tests, calculate technical and economic indicators and develop process regulations.

scholarly journals Applied WEEE pre-treatment methods: Opportunities to maximizing the recovery of critical metals

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Critical Metals ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
General Recommendation ◽  
Recovery Treatment ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Pre Treatment

<p>WEEE is a fast-growing waste stream that includes potentially hazardous substances, but also valuable secondary raw materials, which can be recovered by adequate recycling and recovery treatment. In the last years, the research interest has moved from the conventional recycling (recovery of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, plastic, glass and other “mass relevant” fractions presented in WEEE), to the innovational recycling, aimed to recover trace elements, such as critical metals (CMs) and rare earth elements (REEs). Currently, the majority of CMs and REEs are lost during the pre-treatment processes. In this paper, an overview of the most relevant e-waste categories and products in terms of CMs and REEs presence, a description of currently applied pre-treatment methods and fate of the observed group of metals during pre-processing phase, as well as general recommendation in order to avoid losses of CMs and REEs within the WEEE treatment chain, are elaborated.</p>

scholarly journals Components’ Characterization of End-of-Life Dishwashers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Eirini Evangelou ◽  
Georgios N. Anastassakis ◽  
Spyridon Dionysios Karamoutsos ◽  
Athanasios Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
Magnetic Separator ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Hand Sorting

The treatment of Wastes of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is a significant source of secondary raw materials. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals, electronic equipment, and plastics are among these materials. One of the most common metals sourced out of WEEE is stainless steel. Dishwashers are common sources of stainless steel, so large amounts of stainless steel can be recovered from them. In this project, dishwashers were submitted to size reduction via shredding, and the shredded products went through a magnetic separator (which separates all the magnetic ferrous components), an eddy current sensor (which separates all the non-ferrous components) and an induction sorting sensor (which removed all the metallic fractions). This procedure led to the following two streams: one with stainless steel, boards, and cables and another stream mainly including plastic. In the next stage, the stainless-steel stream passed through a high-intensity magnetic separator, leading to a magnetic and a non-magnetic stream. Thereafter, hand sorting was applied to both streams which aimed to increase the recovery from each stream.

Review Lecture - The winning of non-ferrous metals, 1974

1974 ◽  
Vol 338 (1615) ◽  
pp. 419-437 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Extractive Metallurgy ◽  
Process Engineering ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Platinum Metals ◽  
Primary Metal ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

The primary-metal-producing industry, which is concerned with making metal from ore rather than from waste materials and scrap, is at present undergoing major changes in the technological processes and methods which are used. In both ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, application of the concepts and techniques generally described as ‘process engineering’ is having important effects on the design and operation of new manufacturing capacity. In non-ferrous extractive metallurgy there are, in addition, more fundamental changes taking place. Metals are being produced by using chemical reactions which have never before been employed for this purpose. There are several reasons why new processes and the new technology associated with their use are now being accepted by an industry which is by tradition extremely conservative. These reasons must be separately identified if the relative advantages of traditional and new methods of treating a particular ore are to be understood. It is convenient to outline first the kind of process generally referred to as ‘pyrometallurgical’ taking as an example an ore containing nickel, copper and platinum metals with gold.

Flotation and magnetic methods to recover non-ferrous metals from low grade technogenic raw materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
E. V. Chernousenko ◽  
◽  
G. V. Mitrofanova ◽  
I. N. Vishnyakova ◽  
Yu. S. Kameneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Magnetic Methods ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Guideline for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 5—Repair Welding for Specific Materials - Heat Resistance Alloy and Non-Ferrous Metals

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Watanabe ◽  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Atsushi Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Resistance Alloy ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

It has been recognized that repair welding takes an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. Responding to the needs in petroleum and chemical industries, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published Guideline for repair welding of pressure equipment at 2009. This paper describes the key points of repair welding for heat resistance alloy and non-ferrous metals such as Nickel, Copper, Titanium and their alloys, based on JWES’s guidelines. Before implementing repair welding, it is important to understand the features of damaged materials, because these materials have been used at severe environment in plants.

Review Lecture: Metal recycling from scrap and waste materials

1976 ◽  
Vol 351 (1665) ◽  
pp. 151-178 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Precious Metals ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Metal Recycling ◽  
Copper Refining ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

Out of a total U. K. consumption of 2.5 million tonnes per annum (Mt/a) of non-ferrous metals with a value of about £1300 M, as much as 33% with a value of £300-400 M, is recovered from scrap. The structure of the industry which makes this important contribution to the economy is briefly outlined and the paper describes the technology by which the various non-ferrous metals are recovered in re-usable form from waste materials. Sections dealing with the following metals provide data on tonnages treated, descriptions of scrap arisings and the processes oper­ated for metal extraction and refining - copper, aluminium, lead, zinc, tin and precious metals. Reference is made to difficulties encountered and the efficiency of reclamation, such as the small amount of zinc recycled as metal. Under future developments, the possible wider use of oxygen in copper refining and hydrometallurgical processing of high value and complex scrap are discussed. Mention is made of the potential for metal recovery for domestic refuse and the rôle of the Waste Management Advisory Council is described.

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