scholarly journals Determination of cadmium and lead in milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Zhitar ◽  
◽  
Natalia N. Yasсhenko ◽  
Anatoly N. Lyschikov ◽  
Elena G. Zinovieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

This paper presents the results of quantitative determination of cadmium and lead in milk, the quality of which is regulated by the Federal Law "Technical Regulations for Milk and Dairy Products" No. 88-FL of 12.06.2008, which indicates permissible levels of toxic substances in milk and basic dairy products. Cadmium and lead, as well as their compounds, are highly toxic substances of cumulative action and pose a serious danger to human and animal health, which makes regular monitoring of the content of these heavy metals in food, in particular milk, relevant. Eight samples of milk sold in the territory of the Chuvash Republic were selected as subjects of the study. Among them are six samples from popular shops of Cheboksara (trademarks “Just”, “Fresh tomorrow”, “From Krasuli”) and two samples of raw cow milk of private farms of Yadrin district (village of Grand Sundyr and village of Persirlana). The analysis of the crude, pasteurized and ultra heat-treated milk of various producers on the content of lead and cadmium at their joint presence was carried out by methods of an inversion voltamperometriya (GOST P 51301-99) and atomic and absorbing spectrometry (MU 01-19/47-11-92 “Methodical instructions by atomic and absorbing methods of definition of toxic elements in foodstuff”) and also in accordance with GOST 26932-96 “By raw materials and foodstuff. Lead Determination Methods” and GOST 26933-86 “Raw Materials and Food Products. Cadmium definition methods”. The minimum lead and cadmium content is found in “Just” brand milk samples of 0.0052±0.0016 and 0.0011±0.0013 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum lead content is found in samples of raw milk of Yadrin district (0.0262±0.0017 mg/kg), and cadmium – in milk of the manufacturer of the trademark “Just” from factory “Semisovsky” (0.0049±0.0007 mg/kg). It has been found that all the samples studied contain a very small amount of heavy metals, which does not exceed the MPC value, which makes it possible to highly assess the quality of milk and dairy products sold in Chuvashia.

scholarly journals Bees: bioindicators of the environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Literature Information ◽  
Heavy Metals Accumulation ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Metals Accumulation ◽  
Methodological Approaches

It is well-known that melliferous bees are the most sensitive indicators of ecologic conditions of natural environment. Researches in recent years show that bees and bee products can accumulate selectively some heavy metals, radioactive substances, pesticides and other polluters. Scales of heavy metals accumulation on the territory of Ukraine, as toxins of technologic origin unfortunately increase. Environmental pollution by heavy metals leads to their accumulation in plant and animal raw materials and production, consequently their quality decreases. It was proved that apiary accommodation in heavy metal polluted territories leads to their accumulation in pollen, honey bee-comb and wax. But the questions concerning study of peculiarities of sources, ways of pollution and heavy metals content in bee products are not enough lightened, and that was the purpose of our work. Generalized we present in literature information and results of our researches about the use of bees and bee products in quality of bioindicator contamination of environment by heavy metals. Dependence of content of heavy metals is set in the organism of bees in relation intensity of greening to contamination of environment. It is marked on the necessity of lead through of systems research in relation to determination of content of heavy metals in fabrics of bees and bee products with the purpose of search of new methodological approaches for authentication these toxicant of objective environment of contamination and him apimonitoring. Methodological elements of the researches of regularities of heavy metals and lipids content in the tissues of different anatomic sections of the organism and bee products were elaborated.

scholarly journals Determination of the content of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in dairy products from various regions of Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 694-702
Author(s):  
Monika Sujka ◽  
Urszula Pankiewicz ◽  
Radosław Kowalski ◽  
Artur Mazurek ◽  
Katarzyna Ślepecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

AbstractThe toxicity of heavy metals and their capacity for accumulation in the human organism make it necessary to conduct monitoring of their concentration in food. The objective of the study was to determine the content of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc in milk and dairy products from various regions of Poland: the Lublin Region, Podlasie, Podkarpacie, and Silesia. The study showed the presence of the analysed heavy metals in most of the products. The content of lead was related to the level of industrialisation of a region. Higher levels of Pb were found in products from Silesia than in those from the other regions. The study revealed the presence of cadmium in 50% of the samples. Its content varied in range from 0.0067 to 0.0058 mg/kg. The levels of Cu and Zn concentration in the analysed products were within broad ranges, from 0.0015 to 4.94 mg/kg and from 0.01 to 56.44 mg/kg, respectively. In the case of all analysed elements an increase in their concentration was noted in cheese spreads and cottage cheeses. No relationship was found between the content of heavy metals in the analysed products, and the region of their origin.

scholarly journals Determination of heavy metals in sunflower seeds by atomic absorption spectroscopy based on fractional mineralization

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Demchenko ◽  
A. D. Tsikunib
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The actual problem of food chemistry is the contamination of food raw materials and food products with heavy metals. Modern physico-chemical methods for the quantification of heavy metals are highly accurate and allow even trace amounts of elements to be determined, but the complexity of the sample preparation procedure is one of the most time-consuming steps, requiring high costs of reagents and time, especially for analysis of fat-containing samples. In this regard, development of new ways of determination of content of heavy metals in olive raw materials is relevant. Sunflower seeds in which they established the maintenance of toxic elements with use of different ways of sample preparation have acted as an object of a research: dry combustion and a wet mineralization and the developed new way of a fractional mineralization which distinctive features are: preliminary decomposition of test on fatty (oil) and fat-free (oilcake) of fraction with their independent mineralization. Oilcake is exposed to combustion at the maximum temperature 400 ?С for two full cycles, with convertion of the mineralizat in background solution and definition of metals by AAS-ETA method, oil – is dissolved in bipolar solvent in the ratio 1:6:2 from the mass of oil, with the subsequent direct input of mix in an analytical cell of the graphite tubular furnace of an electrothermal atomizer where there is a mineralization and simultaneous atomization of test. The use of fractional mineralization makes it possible to improve the metrological characteristics of the atomic absorption method of sunflower seeds: to increase the average openability of the investigated elements to 90.8%, to reduce the error of convergence (by 4.5%) and the reproducibility (by 4.9%) of the results of the study of cadmium and lead, and also to reduce the total time of sample preparation for 4–6 hours as compared with the test methods.

scholarly journals Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Soils and Vegetables Samples from Kericho West Sub-county, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Bett ◽  
Ongera Gilbert ◽  
Wangila Phanice ◽  
Shadrack Mule
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The present study was carried out to investigated the presence of heavy metals (essential and non- essential); Pb, Fe, Cu, Mn and Cd in soils and vegetables such as Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea Acephala and Amaranthus palmeri. These soils and vegetables were collected randomly from local farms in Kericho West Sub-County. The samples were analysed for heavy metal by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrophotometer (ICPE 9000) to determine the levels of the heavy metals. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals ranged in vegetables:- Manganese (86.33-113.00 mg/kg), Copper (15.67-36.00 mg/kg), Iron (319.33-977.67 mg/kg), Cadmium (10.33-29.00 mg/kg) and Lead (31.67-53.67 mg/kg) as well as in the soils; Mn (172.33-201.00 mg/kg), Cu (1.33-3.33 mg/kg), Fe (63.67-98.00 mg/kg), Cd (3.67-5.33 mg/kg) and Pb (5.00-5.67 mg/kg). The data obtained was analysed by using SPSS version 20.0 for descriptive statistics and one- way ANOVA. From the analysis of heavy metals in vegetables, from Sosiot the concentration of Manganese and copper were significantly different at p-value < 0.05, while Iron, Cadmium, Lead and Manganese were not significantly different at p-value > 0.05; from Kabianga Division, Manganese and Iron were significantly different at p-value < 0.05. Copper, Lead and Cadmium were not significantly different at p-value > 0.05; from Kiptere Division, Manganese, Iron and Copper had no significant difference at p-value < 0.05. Cadmium and lead were significantly different at p-value > 0.05. Manganese had the lowest transfer factor between 0.42 and 1.15. The highest ratios were observed from copper ranging from 15.67 to 36.00 in all vegetables.

Determination of Traces Heavy Metals from Solid Residues Formed by Combustion of Lignite in Relation to Degree of Accessibility in Soil and Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2363-2366
Author(s):  
Delia Nica Badea
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
Risk Potential

The paper evaluates the presence and content of traces of heavy metals Hg, Pb, Ni, Cd (total forms) from coal and solid combustion products, the degree of transfer and accessibility in the area of influence of a lignite power plant. The content of toxic heavy metals in residues are characterized by RE Meiji [ 1 (Pb and Hg) and REMeij �1 (Ni and Cd) for the filter ash. Pb and Ni content in the soil exceeds normal values, and Pb exceeds and alert value for sensitive soils around the residue deposit (70.20 mg.Kg-1). The degree of accessibility of the metals in plants (TF), reported at the Khan reference value (0.5), indicates a significant bioaccumulation level for the metals: Cd (1.9) and Hg (0.6) inside the deposit; Cd (0.39) at the base of the deposit, Hg (0.8) in the area of the thermal power plant. The trace levels of heavy metals analyzed by GFAAS and CVAAS (Hg), indicates a moderate risk potential for food safety and quality of life in the studied area.

scholarly journals Proteomic Advances in Milk and Dairy Products

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3832
Author(s):  
Rubén Agregán ◽  
Noemí Echegaray ◽  
María López-Pedrouso ◽  
Radwan Kharabsheh ◽  
Daniel Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Proteins And Peptides ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Proteomics is a new area of study that in recent decades has provided great advances in the field of medicine. However, its enormous potential for the study of proteomes makes it also applicable to other areas of science. Milk is a highly heterogeneous and complex fluid, where there are numerous genetic variants and isoforms with post-translational modifications (PTMs). Due to the vast number of proteins and peptides existing in its matrix, proteomics is presented as a powerful tool for the characterization of milk samples and their products. The technology developed to date for the separation and characterization of the milk proteome, such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) technology and especially mass spectrometry (MS) have allowed an exhaustive characterization of the proteins and peptides present in milk and dairy products with enormous applications in the industry for the control of fundamental parameters, such as microbiological safety, the guarantee of authenticity, or the control of the transformations carried out, aimed to increase the quality of the final product.

Determination of Bisphenol A in Milk and Dairy Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1439-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEONG-HUN KANG ◽  
FUSAO KONDO
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
Oasis Hlb ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

This study was conducted to develop a selective and sensitive method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) levels in milk and dairy products. A method based on solvent extraction with acetonitrile and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the analysis of BPA in milk, yogurt, cream, butter, pudding, condensed milk, and flavored milk, and a method using two SPE cartridges (OASIS HLB and Florisil cartridge) for skim milk was also developed. The developed methods showed good recovery levels (77 to 102%) together with low detection limits (1 μg/liter for milk, yogurt, pudding, condensed milk, flavored milk, and skim milk and 3 μg/liter for cream and butter). These methods are simple, sensitive, and suitable for the analysis of BPA in milk and dairy products. When 40 milk and dairy products were analyzed by the proposed methods, BPA was not identified in noncanned products, but its levels ranged from 21 to 43 μg/kg in canned products, levels that were 60- to 140-fold lower than the migration limits in the European Union and Japan.

Determination of Lead and Cadmium Content in the Rice Consumed in Maracaibo, Venezuela

1997 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Buscema ◽  
A. Prieto ◽  
L. Araujo ◽  
G. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Lead And Cadmium
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