scholarly journals Intellectual Property in an Innovative Economy: Methodological Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
M. A. Sazhina ◽  
A. V. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Mental Abilities ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
High Degree

The article reveals the economic content of intellectual property as a ratio of the appropriation and alienation of property. It is shown that intellectual property acts as a unity of a person’s mental abilities, which are expressed in his ability to solve various kinds of problems, and the result of these abilities is the net income of the owner obtained as a result of alienation. The role of intellectual property as the most important changing factor in the development of an innovative economy is considered. The participation of the state and business in the use of intellectual property and the intensification of innovation is shown. The article discloses modern trends in the development of innovations aimed at a high degree of automation and the use of new technologies for continuous self-replicating economic growth, improving the welfare and standard of living of society, and the development of the human person.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

1996 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 267-285
Author(s):  
FRANCIS W. RUSHING ◽  
MARK A. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

This paper brings together the importance of intellectual property protection (IPP) and entrepreneurship in economic growth. The paper surveys the economic literature on what factors are important to growth. The focus is on recent models of endogenous growth which reflect on the role of investment, technological change and education. Secondly, publications, which measure the impact of IPP on some of the growth elements identified are reviewed. The third section deals with IPP and the entrepreneur as an important agent and facilitator of growth. It discusses the nature of IPP as an incentive in not only stimulating the development of new technologies and processes but also the dissemination of existing technologies. Using the surveys as background, short case studies for India and Brazil are presented on IPP as a stimulus and application of research and development. The last section summarizes the previous sections and draws some conclusions with respect to policy.

scholarly journals Review of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Third Baskin Readings. Law and State of the Information Era: New Challenges and Prospects” (St. Petersburg, April 28, 2021)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Razuvaev ◽  
◽  
Irina K. Shmarko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Characteristic ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Conference

In the review of the conference “The Third Baskin Readings. Law and State of the Information Era: New Challenges and Prospects” presents a summary of the main theses of the speakers on the problems of digitalization, the concept and protection of human rights and freedoms in a digital society, the role of artificial intelligence, transformation of law as such and other issues. The speakers generally concluded that there was no special change in the legal system for the needs of digitalization, concluded that law as a social phenomenon has a high degree of adaptability to changing conditions, and the use of new technologies should not affect the content of legal regulation as a whole. However, during the discussion, it is proposed to consider new signs of law, for example, “seriousness of law” in relation to the theory of the game. The participants come to the conclusion that the world is multipolar and at the same time there can be various structures of law and state, characteristic of different stages of socio-economic development of societies.

scholarly journals Methodological Aspects of the Commercialization of Intellectual Property as a Form of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Innovation Sphere

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Hanna Bratus
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article is devoted to the research of methodological aspects of commercialization of intellectual property objects as a form of entrepreneurial activity in the innovation sphere. The modern tendencies of development of the entrepreneurial environment of Ukraine in the conditions of knowledge economy are characterized and the role of intellectual property in the modern economy is defined. The importance of commercialization of intellectual property objects at the macro, meso and macro levels has been substantiated and the main dominant strategic development priorities have been established: speed of business processes and compliance with the target group of consumers on the basis of innovative development. The study identified differences in the commercialization of intellectual property objects from the commercialization of ordinary goods. The role of the state in the process of commercialization of intellectual property objects is argued and the process of transfer of intellectual property objects is constructed, as the main consecutive stages of which are defined: business incubator of ideas of intellectual property objects — creation of intellectual property objects — high-tech products (innovative services). Focusing on the economic aspect, the forms of commercialization of intellectual property under different conditions of use are defined and characterized — in own production, introduction of intellectual property rights in the authorized capital and transfer of ownership and use rights. Drawing on the experience of industrialized countries, there are certain benefits to the commercialization of intellectual property through the purchase of patents and licenses, including the most valuable foreign technology. The traditional approach to the identification of the stages of the life cycle of an intellectual property object has been improved, each of which graphically depicts the change in the economic effect (cash receipts and cash expenditures). In order to ensure high efficiency of the process of commercialization of intellectual property objects and increase their innovative activity at each stage of promotion of intellectual property objects on the market, the need to reorganize (transform) individual components of business models of subjects of managing the consumer market is argued. Considering the interdependence of the process of commercialization of intellectual property objects with strategic resources, as the key ones, the importance of the competencies, opportunities, and abilities of all participants of the process of commercialization have been identified and argued.

scholarly journals The Role of Farmers’ Social Networks in Adopting Climate Smart Agriculture; Case of Horticultural Farmers in Nyeri County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Joram Ngugi Kamau ◽  
Ibrahim Nyariki Kiprop ◽  
Geoffrey Kosgei Kipruto
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
High Degree

This paper aimed at depicting how farmers use their informal networks to share information on climate smart agriculture especially on conservation agriculture. The study used social network analysis (SNA) in UCINET to depict the pattern of information sharing on conservation agriculture among individual farmers and farmers groups. The study identified thestructural importance of various actors in the farmers’ social networks.Power and centrality measures of various farmers were identified. Values for ego betweenness, coordinator and gatekeeper brokerage roles were normalized so that differences in network sizes were accounted for. The study identified several farmers who were identified to be critical in information sharing among horticultural farmers in Nyeri County. Farmers’social networks were found to play a pivotal role in the dissemination of information with key farmers identified as central actors in the network.Social network theory examines social structure from the perspective thatrelationships between two parties or more are partly influenced by the external ties possessed by each other with the degree of influence varying among the actors. This research demonstrates the need for agricultural research institutions to identify and liaise with actors with high degree of centrality in the jurisdiction of information and resource dissemination toguarantee maximum adoption of new technologies by the target groups.

scholarly journals ROLE OF EXTRACTIVE AND INCLUSIVE INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (34) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A.G. Shestakovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Voice

The article considers the institutions that influence the development of an innovative society, in which the main profit is generated by the creation and development of new technologies and inventions. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the institutions that determine the formation and development of social capital in the country. Based on comparison, analysis, and analytical modeling, the paper identifies the problem of the existence of institutions in Russia that determine the passive attitude of citizens to the existing order of things and are unable to influence public authorities in order to improve the welfare of society. Based on the author's concept of economists D. Acemoglu, George. A. Robinson, which indicates a high degree of influence in the process of development of institutions in society (inclusive or extractive), the hypothesis was proposed that in Russia with large reserves of energy resources, mostly are extractive political and economic institutions, which entails a low level of self-organization of society. The hypothesis is confirmed by data from a study by the world Bank and the Levada center. In Russia, the Voice and Accountability index, which reflects the degree to which the population is provided with political rights and civil liberties, is 18,96 in a rating from 0 to 100, for comparison in the United States – 83,89. Data from the Yearbook "Public opinion" for 2019, confirm that in Russia, informal attitudes inherent in a society with extractive institutions prevail. The majority of society does not participate in self-government, 71 % of the population is not ready to take part in the work of public and political organizations in order to achieve changes for the better, 40 % of citizens believe that they are completely unable to influence the current phenomena and processes in the country. Having considered the points of view of economists whose work is devoted to the transformation of institutions, proposals were formulated to change the current situation, the essence of which is to diversify the economy.

scholarly journals WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTORS: THE EXAMPLE OF ARMENIA

2022 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Vahram Abramyan ◽  
Mariam Poghosyan
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Telecommunications Market ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Loyal Customers

Both worldwide and in Armenia, the telecommunications market is saturated. In order to understand the role of services offered by telecom operators, determine the availability of innovative technologies and identify problems that arise among subscribers, we conducted an anonymous sociological survey among the population of Armenia and also developed a system consisting of several indicators to measure the effectiveness of the sector. The results of the sociological survey prove once again that innovations and new technologies ensure customer loyalty. From the answers, it can be concluded that the reforms carried out in different years: the expansion of the network, the import of new technologies and their implementation contribute to the formation of loyal customers. To measure the effectiveness of the sector, the elasticity of various indicators in relation to each other was measured. As a result, the elasticity of real imports of innovative equipment in relation to real revenue is considered the most elastic of these indicators, which means that equipment imports are sensitive to a decrease in revenue. The results obtained indicate that the sector is in a fairly high degree of saturation, further growth of subscribers is accompanied by a decrease in revenue, since their attraction mainly occurs in the case of lower prices for the services provided. And the only way to be competitive is to provide new services by importing innovative equipment, especially by offering Internet services to consumers at affordable prices, thanks to increasing their loyalty.

scholarly journals Technological lag as a threat to Russia's economic security

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzhela Mikaeva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
World Development

For Russia the rethinking of the role of modern industrial development and the production of high technologies - the creation of a material basis for sustainable development and overcoming the technological gap within the existing global trend of world development - an innovative economy, is of fundamental importance. To skip this moment means to consolidate the role of a country that subsequently cannot not only compete in the global markets for high-tech products, but also perceive new technologies.

Meiotic CENP-C is a shepherd: bridging the space between the centromere and the kinetochore in time and space

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Fellmeth ◽  
Kim S. McKim
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Prophase ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Kinetochore Assembly ◽  
M Phase ◽  
In Vivo Analysis ◽  
Meiosis I

Abstract While many of the proteins involved in the mitotic centromere and kinetochore are conserved in meiosis, they often gain a novel function due to the unique needs of homolog segregation during meiosis I (MI). CENP-C is a critical component of the centromere for kinetochore assembly in mitosis. Recent work, however, has highlighted the unique features of meiotic CENP-C. Centromere establishment and stability require CENP-C loading at the centromere for CENP-A function. Pre-meiotic loading of proteins necessary for homolog recombination as well as cohesion also rely on CENP-C, as do the main scaffolding components of the kinetochore. Much of this work relies on new technologies that enable in vivo analysis of meiosis like never before. Here, we strive to highlight the unique role of this highly conserved centromere protein that loads on to centromeres prior to M-phase onset, but continues to perform critical functions through chromosome segregation. CENP-C is not merely a structural link between the centromere and the kinetochore, but also a functional one joining the processes of early prophase homolog synapsis to late metaphase kinetochore assembly and signaling.

Economic and Legal Support for Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Russia

2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
The West ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Legal Context

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.

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