EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SALINITY AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON THE GROWTH OF PORPHYRIDIUM CRUENTUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Leyla USLU
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Porphyridium Cruentum ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Density Values

In the study, Porphyridium cruentum was cultured under laboratory conditions at 20±2°C, 16:8 (light:dark) photoperiod and continuous aeration to different salinity (20‰, 30‰, 40‰) and two different light intensities (37 µmol m-2s-1 photon and 110 µmol m-2s-1 photon) and growth was determined. Dry matter, optical density and chlorophyll a parameter were used to determine growth. The best growth was determined in culture with a salinity of 30‰ at 110 µmol m-2s-1 photon light intensity. In this group, the optical density (OD) was 1.504±0.003 and the dry matter amount was 1.327gl-1. In the case of 37µmol µmol m-2s-1 photon light intensity, the optical density values were found to be similar in groups with 30‰ and 50‰ salinity and were found to be 1.234±0.004 and 1.215±0.002, respectively. The amounts of dry matter were also similar; 1.168gl-1 and 1.159gl-1, respectively. While the lowest growth was in the culture at 37 µmol m-2s-1 photon light intensity and 20‰ salinity. The optical density obtained on the last day of this group was 1.165±0.004 and the dry matter amount was determined as 0.986gl-1. The amount of chlorophyll a was determined in the cultured groups at the best 37 µmol m-2s-1 photon light intensity.

scholarly journals Phaeodactylum Trıcornutum Kültürlerinde Biyomas Tahmini

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Burcu Ak ◽  
Gökhan Tamer Kayaalp ◽  
Oya Işık ◽  
Melis Çelik Güney
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Phaeodactylum tricornutum is the microalgae that is known to produce lipid. In this study, it was aimed to estimate the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum dry matter cultured in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency as a stress factor, in outdoor, in photo bioreactors, by using multiple regression analysis method. In this study, diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin) was cultured medium of which N was reduced by 50% and with 20% inoculation ratio. The light intensity, temperature, optical density and chlorophyll a, were measured daily. The mathematical model was formed for control group and 50 % of the N applied to the group using optical density, temperature, light intensity, chlorophyll a and without chlorophyll a. The regression equation of control group was estimated. The R2 value of control group was found 95.1% and statistically significant. Then, the regression equation was estimated for control group without chlorophyll a. The R2 value of this equation was found 94.0% and statistically significant. And then, the regression equation was estimated in 50% nitrogen. The R2 value of control group was found 92.4% and statistically significant. Finally, the regression equation was estimated in 50% nitrogen deficiency without chlorophyll a. The R2 value of this equation was found 91.7% and statistically significant.

scholarly journals On the Minimum Quantum Requirement of Photosynthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzeir Zeinalov
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Quantum Requirement ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Maximum Quantum Efficiency

An analysis of the shape of photosynthetic light curves is presented and the existence of the initial non-linear part is shown as a consequence of the operation of the non-cooperative (Kok’s) mechanism of oxygen evolution or the effect of dark respiration. The effect of nonlinearity on the quantum efficiency (yield) and quantum requirement is reconsidered. The essential conclusions are: 1) The non-linearity of the light curves cannot be compensated using suspensions of algae or chloroplasts with high (>1.0) optical density or absorbance. 2) The values of the maxima of the quantum efficiency curves or the values of the minima of the quantum requirement curves cannot be used for estimation of the exact value of the maximum quantum efficiency and the minimum quantum requirement. The estimation of the maximum quantum efficiency or the minimum quantum requirement should be performed only after extrapolation of the linear part at higher light intensities of the quantum requirement curves to “0” light intensity

AN ANALYSIS OF DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF DOUGLAS-FIR SEEDLINGS IN RELATION TO TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT INTENSITY

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2063-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Brix
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Distribution ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Net Assimilation

Seedlings of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were grown in growth chambers under all combinations of three temperatures (13, 18, and 24 °C) and three light intensities (450, 1000, and 1800 ft-c). Dry matter production of leaves, stem, and roots was determined at 65 and 100 days after germination. The leaf area produced per unit of leaf dry weight and the dry matter distribution to the plant organs was measured. Net assimilation rates between the ages of 65 and 100 days were calculated. Rates of photosynthesis per unit of leaf were determined at different light intensities and temperatures, and rates of respiration of plant top and of roots were found for different temperatures.Increasing light intensity affected dry matter production in two opposing ways: (i) it increased the rate of photosynthesis per unit leaf area, and (ii) it decreased the leaf area added per unit of dry matter produced. A pronounced increase in growth with increase in temperature from 13 to 18 °C was a result of a temperature influence on production of leaf area rather than the effect of photosynthesis per unit of leaf. Net assimilation rates decreased with increase in temperature at all light intensities.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT INTENSITY AND FERTILIZER RATE ON THE ACCLIMATIZATION POTENTIAL OF CHAMAEDOREA ELEGANS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 583b-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinidad Reyes ◽  
Terril A. Nell ◽  
Charles A. Conover ◽  
James E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Compensation Point ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Light Compensation Point ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Chamaedorea Elegans ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Effects of three light intensities (564, 306 and 162 μmol m-2 s-1) and three fertilizer rates (220, 440 and 880 mg/15 cm pot, weekly) were evaluated on acclimatization potential of Chamaedorea elegans. Treatments were applied during four months under greenhouse conditions after which plants were placed indoors (20 μmol m-2 s-1, 21±2C and 50% RH) for two months. Light compensation point (LCP) was significantly reduced by decreasing light intensity and increasing fertilizer rates. Leaf and root fresh and dry weights increased with irradiance while shoots were not affected. Chlorophyll a levels were higher in plants grown under the lowest light intensity. Carbohydrate content is being analyzed and anatomical examination of leaves studied. Plant performance indoors will be discussed. These studies demonstrate that Chamaedorea, a monocot, acclimatizes similarly to dicots.

scholarly journals Growth, biomass, and chlorophyll-a and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17 under different light intensities

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fakhri ◽  
Nasrullah Bai Arifin ◽  
Anik Martina Hariati ◽  
Ating Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Effect Of Light

<p class="Pa3"><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p> </p><p class="Pa5"><em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. has been identified as sources of live feed and pigment in aquaculture. To increase the production, the optimal environmental conditions for microalgae are required. Light intensity is one of the important factors that significantly affects the biomass and pigment of microalgae. The study aimed to determine the effect of light intensity (1,500; 3,000; and 4,500 lux) on growth, biomass production, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. The results showed that different light intensities significantly affected the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Increasing light intensity resulted in the increase of the growth rate, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid contents of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. The cell achieved the highest specific growth rate of 1.729 %/day and the cell concentration of 43.333×106 cell/mL at a light intensity of 4,500 lux. The highest chlorophyll-a and carotenoid concentrations of algae were obtained at 4,500 lux (8.304 μg/mL and 3.892 μg/mL, respectively). This study suggested that increasing light intensity led to the increase in the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17.</p><p> </p><p class="Pa5">Keywords: carotenoid, chlorophyll, biomass, growth rate, light intensity</p><p> </p><p> </p><p class="Pa3"><strong>ABSTRAK </strong></p><p> </p><p class="Pa5"><em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. diketahui sebagai sumber pakan alami dan pigmen pada budidaya perikanan. Budidaya pada kondisi lingkungan yang optimal diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi mikroalga. Intensitas cahaya merupakan salah satu faktor esensial yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi biomassa dan pigmen mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh intensitas cahaya yang berbeda (1.500, 3.000, and 4.500 lux) terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya yang berbeda berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan, biomassa dan klorofil-a dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Semakin tinggi intensitas cahaya maka laju pertumbuhan, biomassa, kandungan klorofil-a dan total karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17 semakin tinggi. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi 1,729%/hari dan konsentrasi sel maksimum tertinggi 43,333×106 sel/mL dihasilkan pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Konsentrasi klorofil-a (8,304 μg/mL) dan karotenoid (3,892 μg/mL) tertinggi juga diperoleh pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan intensitas cahaya berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17.</p><p> </p><p>Kata kunci: karotenoid, klorofil, biomassa, pertumbuhan, intensitas cahaya</p>

scholarly journals Growth reactions of carnation, measured by net photosynthesis, on different air contents of the soil.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
A.L.M. Van Wijk ◽  
J. Buitendijk
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Constant Level ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Matter Production

In pot experiments, Dianthus caryophyllus plants grown for 2 1/2 months at soil-air levels of 20, 10 or 5% (v/v) produced approx. equal amounts of dry matter, but fresh-matter production at 5 and 10% soil air was 13 and 2% lower than at 20% soil air. The effect of aeration on growth (photosynthesis) increased with increasing light intensity. Decreasing content of soil air from 20, 10 and 5% to 5 and 2.5% respectively was accompanied by an immediate reduction of photosynthesis to a fairly constant level. This reduction increased with increasing light intensity. An increase in soil air from 2.5 to 20, 10 or 5% gave a recovery of photosynthesis which at the two lowest light intensities was complete within 1-3 days when the period of low air content was not >14 days. At the highest light intensity the recovery of photosynthesis was slower. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

EFFECTS OF LIGHT INTENSITY AND CUPPING ON HERBAGE YIELDS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
The Other ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Yield Determination

An established mixture of three herbage species was grown in 18-inch square boxes in the greenhouse for 100 days and cut at approximately 11-day intervals for yield determination. Light intensities of 1800-, 600- and 200-foot candles were supplied by combinations of natural daylight, shading, and incandescent light. Dry matter yields of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) and common white clover (Trifolium repens) decreased as light intensities were decreased but creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra) yields, although low in comparison with the other species, remained relatively constant. Clover and fescue yields were not affected significantly by the height of stubble left after harvest at any of the light intensities, but at 1800 foot-candles orchardgrass yields were lower when cutting was to a 4-inch rather than to a 2-inch stubble. Clover comprised 50 to 60 per cent of the herbage mixture under all light and stubble treatments even though liberal applications of nitrogenous fertilizer were made.

scholarly journals Effect of light intensity and nutrient concentration on growth and pigments of the green microalga Tetraselmis suecica

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-441
Author(s):  
Omar Montes-González ◽  
Adriana González-Silvera ◽  
Enrique Valenzuela-Espinoza ◽  
Eduardo Santamaría-del-Ángel ◽  
Jorge López-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Pigment Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Tetraselmis Suecica ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Β Carotene

Tetraselmis suecica is a green microalga that thrives under a wide range of conditions, used in the commercial culture of fish, mollusk, and crustacean larvae for supplementing the demand for fertilizers. Its pigments have applications in human health care as drug products, vitamins, and cosmetics. Growth and pigment concentration of T. suecica were evaluated in experimental cultures with different nutrient concentrations and light intensities to determine the most appropriate culture conditions to optimize the production of biomass and pigments. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, lutein, violaxanthin, α, β-carotene, and neoxanthin concentrations were evaluated under three different nutrient conditions (441.5/18.1, 883/36.3, and 1766/76.2 μM of NaNO3/NaH2PO4) and four light intensities (50, 150, 300, and 750 μmol quanta m-2 s-1). Increases in either or both of these factors lead to increases in the concentration of all pigments. Chlorophyll-a reached up to 5×103 mg m-3, chlorophyll-b up to 2500 mg m-3, lutein 600 mg m-3, violaxanthin 300 mg m-3, α, β-carotene 500 mg m-3, and neoxanthin 400 mg m-3. Growth rate (μ) attained values of 1.6 d-1. An index to evaluate the efficiency of pigment production by light intensity (called LER) was computed. The highest LER was recorded at 50 μmol quanta m-2 s-1 and a nutrient concentration of 1766/76.2 μM (NaNO3/NaH2PO4); this treatment optimizes pigment production with the lowest light intensity. Our results show that the optimum light intensity should be selected according to the objective of the culture, either maximizing pigment concentration for harvesting at higher concentrations or reducing production costs regarding light consumption.

scholarly journals Effect of chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes on the leaf color in Hosta (Hosta plantaginea Aschers) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingying Zhang ◽  
Changhai Sui ◽  
Huimin Liu ◽  
Jinjiao Chen ◽  
Zhilin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Structure Changes

Abstract Background ‘Regal Splendour’ (Hosta variety) is famous for its multi-color leaves, which are useful resources for exploring chloroplast development and color changes. The expressions of chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes (HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO) in Hosta have been demonstrated to be associated with leaf color. Herein, we isolated, sequenced, and analyzed HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO genes. Subcellular localization was also performed to determine the location of the corresponding enzymes. After plasmid construction, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was carried out to reduce the expressions of those genes. In addition, HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO-overexpressing tobacco plants were made to verify the genes function. Changes of transgenic tobacco were recorded under 2000 lx, 6000 lx and 10,000 lx light intensity. Additionally, the contents of enzyme 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), chlorophyll a and b (Chla and Chlb), carotenoid (Cxc), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline (Pro) and catalase (CAT) under different light intensities were evaluated. Results The silencing of HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO genes can induce leaf yellowing and chloroplast structure changes in Hosta. Specifically, leaves of Hosta with HrCAO silencing were the most affected, while those with HrPOR silencing were the least affected. Moreover, all three genes in tobacco were highly expressed, whereas no expression was detected in wild-type (WT). However, the sensitivities of the three genes to different light intensities were different. The highest expression level of HrHEMA and HrPOR was detected under 10,000 lx of illumination, while HrCAO showed the highest expression level under 6000 lx. Lastly, the 5-ALA, Chla, Cxc, SOD, POD, MDA, Pro and CAT contents in different transgenic tobaccos changed significantly under different light intensities. Conclusion The overexpression of these three genes in tobacco enhanced photosynthesis by accumulating chlorophyll content, but the influential level varied under different light intensities. Furthermore, HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO- overexpressing in tobacco can enhance the antioxidant capacity of plants to cope with stress under higher light intensity. However, under lower light intensity, the antioxidant capacity was declined in HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO- overexpressing tobaccos.

Factors affecting the hydrogen cyanide potential of forage sorghum.

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Wheeler ◽  
C Mulcahy ◽  
JJ Walcott ◽  
GG Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Selection For

The effect of seven factors, namely genotype, plant maturity, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, water stress, light intensity and temperature, on the hydrogen cyanide potential (HCNp) of forage sorghum was studied in three pot experiments. Fivefold differences occurred between genotypes in HCNp, with a breeder's line, X45106, selected for low HCNp having a maximum of 520 mg HCN kg-1 DM (dry matter) compared with 2300 and 2450 mg kg-1 DM for cvs Zulu and Silk respectively. In X45 106, HCNp (mg HCN kg-1 DM) declined curvilinearly with age d (days from sowing) (HCNp=8460- 320d+ 3.1d2) and linearly in Silk (HCNp = 9020 - 110d), but the decline in Zulu was not statistically significant. Nitrogen (equivalent to 200 kg ha-1 of N) increased HCN, (P< 0.001), but more so in full light (100 mg kg-1 compared with 1430 mg kg-1) than in 50% shade (190 mg kg-1 compared with 690 mg kg-1). In one experiment, acute water stress appeared to reduce HCNp, but this was confounded with the strong decline due to aging. In another study, acute water stress had no effect on HCNp. Neither the application of superphosphate nor change in light intensity, nor change in temperature had a direct significant effect on HCNp in these studies. Breeding and selection for low HCNp appears a promising approach to ensuring that sorghum plants will provide non-toxic forage from an early stage of growth.

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