scholarly journals SHORT VERSION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE "SCALE OF DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE"

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
В. П. Шейнов
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Validity Criteria ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Corporate Information Systems ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Зависимость от смартфона - это новое явление, одна из наиболее распространенных немедицинских зависимостей, которая по своей массовости уже оставила позади интернет-зависимость и игроманию, образовав с ними опасный конгломерат. Отрицательные последствия зависимости от смартфонов могут включать психологические и поведенческие проблемы и проблемы с само-эффективностью у жертв этой зависимости. В статье показано, что предложенная автором сокращенная версия опросника «Smartphone Addiction Scale» (SAS) надежна и валидна. Она удовлетворяет стандартным требованиям к опросникам относительно надежности: на внутреннюю согласованность, надежность частей теста и ретестовую надежность. Опросник валиден, удовлетворяя ключевым критериям валидности: валидизации в процессе конструирования опросника; валидности содержательной; «очевидной»; текущей и прогностической; конструктной и конвергентной валидности; валидности по полу. Опросник стандартизован: приведены нормы, позволяющие выразить отличие индивидуального результата от среднего в единицах стандартного отклонения. Диагностируемая опросником зависимость от смартфона положительно коррелирует с тревожностью, депрессией, стрессом и отрицательно связана с самоконтролем и с удовлетворенностью жизнью. Зависимость от смартфона женщин, диагностированная опросником, статистически значимо превосходит зависимость от смартфона мужчин. Обнаружена значимая положительная связь тяги к курению у мужчин с зависимостью от смартфона. The article discusses the psychological concept of involvement and its significance in the design of corporate information systems. Traditionally, the concept of engagement is used to Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which, by its massiveness, has already left behind Internet addiction and gambling addiction, forming a dangerous conglomerate with them. The negative consequences of smartphone addiction can include psychological, behavioral and self-efficacy problems in victims of this addiction. The article shows that the short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) questionnaire proposed by the author is reliable and valid. It meets the standard requirements for reliability questionnaires: internal consistency, test portions reliability, and retest reliability. The questionnaire is valid, meeting the key validity criteria: validation in the process of designing the questionnaire; substantive validity; "obvious"; current and prognostic; construct and convergent validity; gender validity. The questionnaire is standardized: norms are given that allow expressing the difference between an individual result and the mean in units of standard deviation. Smartphone addiction diagnosed by the questionnaire is positively correlated with anxiety, depression, stress and is negatively associated with self-control and life satisfaction. The dependence on the smartphone of women, diagnosed by the questionnaire, statistically significantly exceeds the dependence on the smartphone of men. A significant positive relationship was found between smoking cravings in men and smartphone addiction.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL STATES AND PROPERTIES OF THE PERSONALITY HAVING DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Виктор Павлович Шейнов ◽  
Наталья Васильевна Дятчик
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Work

Зависимость от смартфона стала распространенным явлением, особенно в молодежной среде. В предыдущих исследованиях установлены большая распространенность данной зависимости и то, что жертвы этой зависимости испытывают страдания от плохого качества сна (а то и от бессонницы), депрессии, тревожности, стресса, а также отрицательные эмоции, характеризуются значительным снижением физической активности. Распространенность зависимости от смартфона и ее отрицательные последствия диктуют необходимость ее всестороннего исследования. Изучаются проявления феномена зависимости от смартфонов у учащихся медицинского колледжа. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с одиночеством, агрессивностью, плохим настроением и отрицательно – с коммуникативной компетентностью, настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, а также с возрастом. В большей степени она проявляется у представителей женского пола. Выявленные корреляции зависимости от смартфонов с одиночеством, агрессивностью, саморегуляцией, коммуникативной компетентностью в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных исследованиях. Новыми как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных исследований являются установленные авторами отрицательные связи зависимости от смартфона респондентов с настойчивостью и самообладанием. Smartphone addiction has become common, especially among young people. Previous studies have established a high prevalence of this addiction and the fact that the victims of this addiction experience suffering: from poor sleep quality (and even insomnia), depression, anxiety, stress, experience negative emotions, and are also characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity. The prevalence of smartphone addiction and its negative consequences dictate the need for a comprehensive study. The article examines the manifestations of the phenomenon of smartphone addiction in medical college students. It is shown that the psychological mechanism of the emergence of addictions is described by a general model of psychological impact. It was found that that smartphone addiction is positively associated with loneliness, aggressiveness, bad mood, with the female gender, and negatively – with communicative competence, persistence, self-control, self-regulation, as well as with age. The connections identified in the article with loneliness, aggressiveness, self-regulation, and communicative competence generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies. New for both domestic and foreign studies are the negative links of dependence on smartphones with persistence and self-control revealed in the article. Based on the results of this study, recommendations were developed (based on the obtained empirical data) for college students to minimize the negative impact of smartphones on their mental and physical health. It is recommended in the process of educational work with students to explain the negative consequences of dependence on smartphones and the value of direct, live communication with their environment.

scholarly journals Smartphone Addiction and Personality: Review of International Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-253
Author(s):  
Viktor P. Sheinov
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
International Research ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
International Studies

Mobile phones are perhaps the most popular digital devices that accompany us all the time. Smartphones certainly provide us with many conveniences but at the same time these devices are the reason why many users develop a pathological condition known as nomophobia or smartphone addiction, i. e., fear of losing phone contact or being away from network coverage. Many people, especially teenagers and children, cannot imagine their life without smartphones and try never to part with them. Phone addicts, due to the fact that their attention is constantly riveted to the smartphone screen, cannot efficiently study, do work thoughtfully and productively, establish relationships with others and, in general, live a full-fledged life. Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which in its scale has already left behind Internet addiction and addiction to gambling, forming a dangerous conglomerate with them. Numerous studies show that smartphone addiction has a detrimental effect on many important aspects of modern life. The purpose of this article is to provide an analytical review of international studies on the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological and socio-psychological characteristics of personality. The choice of international studies as the initial data for the analysis was made due to the fact that it was in them (much earlier than in Russian ones) that the largest number of empirical results were obtained, which are of significant theoretical and practical interest. The number of Russian studies on this topic is much smaller, while many of them were carried out on small samples or were only discussions of international research results. Thus, it can be stated that the extensive information accumulated by international researcher on the dependence on smartphones is used insufficiently in Russian scientific community. The smartphone addiction is positively associated with such negative factors as depression, anxiety, stress, decreased self-esteem and self-control, sleep and health problems, low quality of life and dissatisfaction with it, family problems, poor school performance and the danger of becoming a victim of cyberbullying. Much higher smartphone addiction is typical of younger users. Assessments of smartphone dependence are positively correlated with being female, with smoking and consuming alcohol. A serious obstacle to relevant Russian research was the lack of Russian-language measuring instruments. To eliminate this obstacle, the author adapted and validated The Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) by M. Kwon et al. for the Russian-speaking society, and developed a reliable and valid Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Questionnaire. In Russian studies on smartphone addiction, the results obtained on international samples can serve as basis for working hypotheses as well as initial data in cross-cultural research.

scholarly journals The Italian Version of Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-I) for Adolescents: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Relation with Self-Control and Internalized-Externalized Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Bassi ◽  
Adriana Lis ◽  
Tatiana Marci ◽  
Silvia Salcuni
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe increased smartphone use in adolescence has led clinicians and researchers to carry out in-depth studies on the matter. Adolescents seem to be at risk of smartphone addiction because they are yet to develop self-control in smartphone use. This psychometric study aimed at examining the levels of validity evidence for the Smartphone Addiction Inventory-Italian (SPAI-I) version for adults, among adolescents. Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the factor structure of the SPAI-I version for adults among adolescents but not the exploratory factor structure for adults of the original Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI). Convergent validity was assessed by examining the relationship between SPAI-I, self-control, and internalized and externalized problems. A total of 446 Italian adolescents (mean age = 16.04, SD = 1.72, 36.3% males) completed the Self-Restraint Subscale of the Adolescent Self-Consciousness and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires—with a specific focus on the subscales of internalized and externalized problems. Present findings suggested that the SPAI-I version could be used to assess smartphone overuse among adolescents according to a multidimensional perspective.

scholarly journals PERSONAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH STATE OF VICTIMS OF DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
В.П. Шейнов ◽  
А.С. Девицын
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Health State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Average Value

Зависимость от смартфона - это новое явление, однако успевшее стать одной из наиболее распространенных немедицинских зависимостей, которая по своей массовости уже оставила позади интернет-зависимость и игроманию. Ее отрицательные последствия включают психологические и поведенческие искажения и проблемы с само-эффективностью у ее жертв. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с женским полом и переживанием чувства одиночества и отрицательно - с настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, привычкой читать, здоровым образом жизни и состоянием здоровья. Зависимость от смартфона только у женщин отрицательно коррелирует с возрастом, компетентностью, комплементарностью, провокационностью, наличием семьи, наличием детей, хорошим настроением и положительно - с зависимым поведением и проблемами со сном. Средние значения зависимости от смартфона женщин по данным разных исследований статистически значимо превосходит средние значения зависимости от смартфона мужчин. Часть связей, выявленных в настоящем исследовании в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных работах, при этом конкретизируя и уточняя их в гендерном аспекте. Пересекающиеся результаты показывают, что многие взаимосвязи, совпадая по направленности, имеют место только у женщин. Другая часть полученных результатов является новой как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных изысканий. С целью разрешения возникшей в условиях пандемии проблемы сбора информации создана авторская автоматизированная система сбора и накопления информации, которая осуществляет также обработку тестов и рассылку респондентам в анонимном режиме результатов их тестирования. Эта система универсальна и может быть использована в других исследованиях. Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which in its massiveness has already left behind Internet addiction and gambling addiction. Its negative consequences include psychological and behavioral distortions and self-efficacy problems in its victims. It has been found that smartphone addiction is positively associated with female gender and feelings of loneliness, and negatively with perseverance, self-control, self-regulation, reading habit, healthy lifestyle and health. Smartphone addiction only in women negatively correlates with age, competence, ability to accept compliments, resist provocations, having family, having children, good mood, and positively - with addictive behavior and sleep problems. The average value of smartphone dependence among women is statistically significantly higher than the average value of smartphone dependence among men. Some of the relationships identified in the study generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies, while concretizing and clarifying them in the gender aspect. Overlapping results show that many relationships, while coinciding in direction, do not occur for all individuals, but only for women. Another part of the results obtained is new for both domestic and foreign studies. To resolve the problem of collecting information that arose in the context of a pandemic, an author's automated system for collecting and accumulating information was created, which also processes tests and sends the results of their testing to respondents in anonymous mode. This system is universal and can be used in other studies.

scholarly journals Difficulties in Establishing “Truth” Conditions in the Assessment of Addictive Smartphone Use in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Javier García-Manglano ◽  
Claudia López-Madrigal ◽  
Charo Sádaba-Chalezquer ◽  
Cecilia Serrano ◽  
Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Behavioral Addictions ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Truth Conditions ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Scale Range ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Definition Of

The smartphone revolution has placed powerful, multipurpose devices in the hands of youth across the globe, prompting worries about the potential negative consequences of these technologies on mental health. Many assessment tools have been created, seeking to classify individuals into problematic and non-problematic smartphone users. These are identified using a cutoff value: a threshold, within the scale range, at which higher scores are expected to be associated with negative outcomes. Lacking a clinical assessment of individuals, the establishment of this threshold is challenging. We illustrate this difficulty by calculating cutoff values for the Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) in 13 Spanish-speaking samples in 11 countries, using common procedures (i.e., reliability, validity, ROC methodology). After showing that results can be very heterogeneous (i.e., they lead to diverse cutoff points and rates of addiction) depending on the decisions made by the researchers, we call for caution in the use of these classifications, particularly when researchers lack a clinical definition of true addiction—as is the case with most available scales in the field of behavioral addictions—which can cause an unnecessary public health alert.

scholarly journals A META-ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 103-125
Author(s):  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Syed Imad Shah ◽  
Javeria Andleeb Qureshi ◽  
Anees Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Behavioral Outcome ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Though smartphones have become the icon of the 21st century, they are possibly the biggest source of non-drug addiction. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify behavioral outcomes associated with smartphone addiction, and to evaluate their overall and individual relationships with smartphone addiction. This metaanalysis conducted a preliminary review of 6115 studies which investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction and behavioral outcomes. Fifty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria developed for this study and their review identified thirteen behavioral outcomes of smartphone addiction. Meta-analytical tests confirmed a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addition and overall behavioral outcome. However, the combined effects were significantly heterogeneous and this could be attributed to the diverse nature of behavioral outcomes, dispersion of studies across the globe, and varying demographics of samples. The results showed the prevalence of the following eight behavioral outcomes: anxiety, depression, loneliness, mental health, self-control, self-regulation, stress; and withdrawal that had a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction, while only self-esteem had a significant and negative relationship with smartphone addiction. Finally, depression was identified as the behavioral outcome that has a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction irrespective of global geographic and demographic variations. This article has elaborated on smartphone addiction criteria similar to that established for researches in substance abuse and addiction. Furthermore, the article has been able to show that smartphone addiction and its problematic use has become an emerging problem with grave consequences.

scholarly journals Emotional intelligence in the structure of a person’s intellectual and personal potential: trait or ability? (adaptation of the short version of the TEIQue-SF questionnaire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Ekaterina А. Kryukova ◽  
Maria А. Shestova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Language Version ◽  
The Russian Language

Background. One of the debated issues of modern psychology is the characteristics of the emotional sphere in the structure of a person’s intellectual and personal potential. Its most important component is emotional intelligence (EI), which can be studied from different methodological standpoints. It makes it urgent to develop appropriate diagnostic techniques. The objective: based on testing of the Russian-language version of the questionnaire “Trait Emotional Intelligent Questionnaire” (TEIQue-SF), the problem of understanding EI as an ability or personality trait, and the relationship of EI with uncertainty tolerance (UT) and emotional creativity (EC) is considered. Design. EI as a trait was measured using the approved TEI questionnaire (N= 482); as ability — using the EI questionnaire (N= 230); as attitude to uncertainty — using the new uncertainty tolerance questionnaire (N= 61); as emotional creativity — using the OEC questionnaire (N= 231). Research results. For the TEI questionnaire, a four-factor structure, similar to the original English version was confirmed. It included the following scales: “well-being”; “emotionality”; “sociality” and “self-control”. Their convergent validity with the scales of the EmIn questionnaire has been demonstrated. Relationship between tolerance to uncertainty and emotional creativity has been established, which makes it possible to talk about the positive role of emotional intelligence in personal and style self-regulation. Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to consider the psychometric characteristics of the Russian-language version of the TEI questionnaire satisfactory. The revealed positive relationship between the characteristics of EI according to the methods of TEI and EmIn, as well as links with EC, suggests the possibility of a broader interpretation of EI as a trait but also does not allow to deny its interpretation as an ability. Differences in methodological approaches regarding understanding the construct of EI do not prevent the possibility of measuring it as a variable of a person’s intellectual and personal potential interconnected with the attitude towards uncertainty and with the creative potential of a person.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Smartphone Addiction Scale--Short Version

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kwon ◽  
Dai-Jin Kim ◽  
Hyun Cho ◽  
Soo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version

Inhibition tasks are not associated with self-regulation outcomes in healthy college students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis David Von Gunten ◽  
Bruce D Bartholow ◽  
Jorge S. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Variable Level ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
The Individual

Executive functioning (EF) is defined as a set of top-down processes used in reasoning, forming goals, planning, concentrating, and inhibition. It is widely believed that these processes are critical to self-regulation and, therefore, that performance on behavioral task measures of EF should be associated with individual differences in everyday life outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to test this core assumption, focusing on the EF facet of inhibition. A sample of 463 undergraduates completed five laboratory inhibition tasks, along with three self-report measures of self-control and 28 self-report measures of life outcomes. Results showed that although most of the life outcome measures were associated with self-reported self-control, none of the life outcomes were associated with inhibition task performance at the latent-variable level, and few associations were found at the individual task level. These findings challenge the criterion validity of lab-based inhibition tasks. More generally, when considered alongside the known lack of convergent validity between inhibition tasks and self-report measures of self-control, the findings cast doubt on the task’s construct validity as measures of self-control processes. Potential methodological and theoretical reasons for the poor performance of laboratory-based inhibition tasks are discussed.

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