scholarly journals DP 0257 - International City’s Networks and Diplomacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-60
Author(s):  
Renato Balbim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
World Order ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Database Research ◽  
City Network ◽  
The City

The internationalization of cities and the constitution of a new international space of power involves a much more expressive number of cities than the usual global cities. Nowadays, dozens of international organizations are composed of regional capitals, medium, and even small cities. With diverse agendas and their own strategies of action, those organizations seek to interfere in global processes and negotiate with large corporations, multilateral organizations, and nation-states. Historically, the internationalization of cities carries strategic values such as peace, culture, and sustainability, among others discussed in this paper. More recently, the notion of the city as merchandise explains this process. Urban requalification and urban space commoditization are treated here under the conception of rugosities (Ribeiro, 2012), local and global rationality (Santos, 1995), and creative destruction (Brenner and Theodore, 2002). By hypothesis, I affirm that city internationalization is directly related to the democratic environment, degree of social participation, and local government’s autonomy. The magnitude of this process is measured confronting original database research to secondary sources and illustrated using the Brazilian scenario. Additionally, a theoretical discussion proposes an innovative classification of those networks according to their constitution, composition, agendas, and spatialization. The characteristics, agents, and means of city diplomacy are debated, and the adequacy of other terms (paradiplomacy, federative diplomacy, and metrodiplomacy). In conclusion, it summarizes notes and indications of further research aiming to deepen the knowledge about this new and important agent of the world order, the city network.

Producing Urban Space

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-112
Author(s):  
Dolly Kikon ◽  
Duncan McDuie-Ra
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Village Level ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This chapter analyses the efforts to make Dimapur more city-like. Beginning with attempts to hold municipal elections with reserved seats for women in 2017, we navigate the deeply contentious politics around the classification and re-classification of space in the city. As the largest city in a tribal state, Dimapur is an experiment in the production of legible urban space in areas with customary law and constitutional protection. At present the experiment is provoking deep anxieties. Producing legible urban space from the collection of settlements, villages, barracks, commercial zones, ceasefire camps, encroached tracts, and wastelands under various socio-legal regimes is rarely coherent and often chaotic. We argue that the city is a space to challenge and transgress customary law in ways unthinkable at the village level. However, transgression was a catalyst for crisis, a scenario likely to remain constant in urban politics for the conceivable future.

Analysis of the Cadastral Assessment of Lands, Taking into Account Zoning of Lands at a Prestige in Krasnoyarsk

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Ruslan V. Romanov ◽  
Gennady S. Varaksin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
The City ◽  
The Prestige

The analysis of the state cadastral assessment of land based on the data of zoning of lands according to their prestige in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The need for assessing the prestige of territories of settlements is stated. On the territory of Krasnoyarsk, 3 zones were conditionally allocated in different districts of the city, where plots intended for the construction of individual residential buildings are located. The main parameters of the cadastral assessment of the lands of such territories are considered. A list of parameters is outlined by which the prestige of individual housing construction lands is estimated. The prestige of each zone is determined. Four indicators are identified that form the prestige of the zones in the cadastral assessment of land. The parameters that determine the level of land value depending on their prestige are identified. A tendency has been established to determine the prestige of zones as a result of the classification of the population of these zones by income level and the desire to live on this territory of people of equal social status. The territory of urban space must be divided into zones, according to the criteria of prestige. A comparison is made between the market and cadastral value of land plots. The comparative analysis method revealed that in the most prestigious areas of urban space, the market value of individual housing construction sites exceeds the cadastral value several times. Conclusions are drawn about the dependence of the price of land for individual housing construction on the level of prestige of the territory of urban space and location.

scholarly journals RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM AND RADICALISATION OF MUSLIMS IN MALAYSIA:

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmira Akhmetova ◽  
Muhammad Izzuddin Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
World Order ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
Extremist Groups

This study discusses the reasons behind the rise of religious extremism in Malaysia within the framework of international politics and the world order by highlighting the ties of Malay Muslims with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) over the last four decades. For that purpose, a qualitative analytical approach is used, referencing secondary sources such as academic journal articles and scholarly books. In understanding the situation, online newspaper articles were also considered as secondary sources to extract the data to understand the destructive situation in Malaysia, which has gradually become a fertile ground for the sowing of radical ideas. The paper highlights that since the 1970s, religious extremism and radicalism have intensified due to the Cold War politics, the conflict between Palestine and Israel, and, later, foreign invasions of Muslim nation-states, giving rise to many local religious extremist groups with their relations to international extremist groups. Analysis of the secondary sources reveals the existence of a radical understanding of Islam by a substantial portion of the population, thus suggesting that the authorities should pay attention to extremist influences on the moderate nature of social relations in multi-ethnic and multi-religious Malaysia. At the same time, the paper argues that this negative transformation cannot be explained by external factors alone, as the internal factors have played an important role in the radicalisation of Malay society. The paper concludes with several practical recommendations such as improvisation of religious education that emphasises on peaceful cohesion, and discontinuation of foreign intervention policies and overgeneralisations. These recommendations are to regulate the escalation of extremism and radical understanding of Islam in Malaysia, which considerably threatens national security and citizens’ wellbeing.   Keywords: Al Qaeda, ISIS, Islamic radicalism in Malaysia, mujahidin, religious extremism.   Cite as: Jaafar, M. I., & Akhmetova, E. (2020). Religious extremism and radicalisation of Muslims in Malaysia: The Malay ties with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and ISIS.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 104-123. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp104-123

scholarly journals Reflexões sobre o desenvolvimento em cidades pequenas: o caso de Esperança, estado da Paraíba

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
João Paulo Gomes de Vasconcelos Aragão ◽  
Caroline Oliveira Porto Souza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Local Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
The City

The Aim of this research is to debate the apparent dissociation between the development discourse and its effectiveness in the internal context of small cities, aiming to identify its peculiarities from the case of the city of Esperança, located at the Agreste region of the State of Paraíba. This city represents in its socio-spatial dynamics the dilemmas and contradictions of development in small cities. The deductive hypothetical method was used to analyze the socio-spatial dynamics from its configurations in scales beyond the local area, to those of materialization in the intra-urban dimension. As a result, the scientific scope of the subject was verified in relation to the contribution of sciences, such as Geography, Economics and Sociology. In addition, it was observed the need of enlargement and balance between public policies that drive to the reproduction of urban space and the implementation of development, as a practice of humanity and sustainability, for all who live in small cities. The study of the city of Esperança exemplified the contradiction. First of all, between policies that restricts the perspective of development to the economic dimension of social and political life and, secondly, the mismanagement of the state on periurban spaces (urban fringes) that expose the urgency of Actions to mitigate the lack of public services, especially, to the social groups of low income.

scholarly journals Realization of smart city concept through media technology in architecture and urban space: from utopia to reality

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 02013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Adonina ◽  
Elena Akhmedova ◽  
Alla Kandalova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
The City ◽  
Communicative Space

This article describes the realization of smart city concept in architectural and urban media spaces. Considerable attention is paid to studying the influence of some parameters of the “smart city”, such as adaptability, mobility, intellectualization, sustainability, security and some others. The article also analyses the elements of utopianism and realism in the application of high technologies in urban reality. The connection is studied between utopian models of ideal city and realized strategy of smart urban development, in which the integration of digital technologies leads to the formation of high-hume communicative space that serves as the locomotive of global changes. The study also identifies four theoretical models of media space and classification of urban screens according to compositional-planning implementation methods. As a result of the research, a hypothesis is suggested that there are some key factors and conditions furthering the implementation of the “smart city” concept, as exemplified by the creation of media spaces in urban environment. In addition, a conclusion is made about the prospects of using media technologies in the city on the example of Samara.

Urban access

Focaal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (72) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Ufer
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
The Political ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
Activist Art ◽  
City Network ◽  
The City

The global Right to the City network challenges exclusionary effects of neoliberal urbanization by claiming citizens' rights for access to urban space and to the benefits of urban culture. Artists belong to one of the most vulnerable groups in the context of gentrification and urban exclusion. At the same time, their creative and expressive capacities put them in a privileged position to voice protest. Oscillating between counterhegemony, accommodation, and strategic collusion, a group of artist-activists from the city of Hamburg in Germany have been employing the means of empowered symbolism, activist art, and emancipatory knowledge in order to implement an alterpolitics of space. Their occupation of the historic Hamburg Gängeviertel has successfully repoliticized questions over urban use value and urban access, which had been purposefully excluded from the realm of the political in the revanchist, neoliberal city.

scholarly journals FORK. URBAN PLANNING AND HUMAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. KOLEVATYKH
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
City Formation ◽  
Architectural Monument ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Illustrative Material

The relationship of the phenomena occurring on our planet is considered. The author suggests looking at the process of city formation as one of them, putt ing it on a par with phenomena of both a biological and physical nature. The article provides a classification of some phenomena occurring in observable reality. A hypothesis is put forward, which is accompanied by a questionnaire study. This hypothesis partially relates to the question of the correctness of the architect’s work regarding the preservation of historical and architectural heritage within urban space. In parallel, it is proposed to rethink the concept of “historical and architectural monument” in the context of the city with respect to its inhabitants. The article is accompanied by illustrative material by the author.

scholarly journals Introduction: Narrating the City and Spaces of Contestation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Claesson ◽  
Pål Brunnström
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Urban Futures ◽  
Heritage Discourse ◽  
The City

While nation states have a disputed status in a globalised world, cities are often regarded as sovereign and global actors. Along with de-nationalising processes of increased privatisation, supranational governing and networks of transnational corporations, city administrations have developed new capabilities of orientation and governing in a global context (Sassen 2006). Inequality, poverty and segregation are some of the pressing issues that city administrations are grappling with – issues of local challenge with global relevance and repercussions, and vice versa. We wonder, if city administrations also address cultural issues that traditionally were of national concern, as fostering and narrating a sense of identity and belonging? If so, we think this shift needs to be further inquired, as we know that narrating and uses of history are not innocent practices. Rather, these are activities which consciously and unconsciously can push developments and futures in specific directions (Sandercock 2003). Further, narrating and history-writing have a spatial dimension and a performative force which may manifest in the physical environment, making changes, or sustaining status quo (De Certeau 1988, Hayden 1997 and Massey 2005). A critical engagement in the making and use of history in urban space is needed to disclose power relations and constructions of categories, such as gender identities (Scott 2011), and to problematize bias perspectives on cultural heritage and an “authorised heritage discourse” (Smith 2006). Processes of narrating the city in urban development and regeneration are often processes where not only urban history, but also urban futures, are negotiated in a very concrete and physical sense.

scholarly journals PEOPLES’ PARTICIPATION AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS URBAN GOVERNANCE: A STUDY OF BARDDHAMAN MUNICIPALITY, WEST BENGAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Dr. Chhanda Karfa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Logical Necessity ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
The City

In urban areas the gap between the resources and expenditure has increased every year. As a result, urban amenities and services have started deteriorating in their standard. Civic life in urban areas has become, on many occasions, painfully intolerable and people have become relatively less involved in matters of urban governance. As a result, the unfulfilled aspirations have kept the citizens and the municipal governments as alien entities to each other in some cases. All-round development of urban space is not possible in such a socio-political situation. So it is essential for urban geographers to study the state-people interrelationship in urban areas to help both the policy-makers and the city-dwellers in a comprehensive way. The municipal government may be viewed as an instrument of institutional interference upon the selectivity of the citizen and also a logical necessity emerging from the incapability of individual citizen to regulate the affairs of the large community. The main focus of this study is to analyse the awareness of the citizens regarding their urban governance as well as to enquire the perception of the city dwellers regarding their municipal governance. This paper is based on the empirical survey done with the help of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The data used in this paper are collected from both the primary and the secondary sources. KEY WORDS: Urban governance, Perception, Transparency, Awareness, Efficiency

scholarly journals The potential of a short tourist route on the example of a single street: tourist attractiveness of urban spaces

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Maria Skivko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Empirical Framework

The subject of this research is tourist attractiveness of the walking rout of a section of a single street in Samara. The object of this research is such characteristics of the route as visual attractiveness, convenience and safety, atmosphere, and uniqueness. This article provides the analysis of urban space and environment on the example of a specific street in the city of Samara. The selected section directly connects the railway station, which is the place of daily arrival and transit tourists, and the Volga promenade – as one of the main symbols of the city and the center of attraction for locals and visitors. The goal of this research consists in the analysis of the existing conditions for the tourist route, which can be improved and extended for increasing the overall assessment of tourism infrastructure. The empirical framework of this research synthesizes the approaches towards interpretation of the psychogeography of the city and towards the analytics of individual experience in the urban environment. The field notes and information analysis allow examining the potential of a tourist route in this section, as well as making recommendations for increasing tourist attractiveness and development of tourism infrastructure of the city. Such pattern can be applied in the research of large and small cities for assessing the current situation and efficient planning of tourism infrastructure in the future. The author formulates the categories of tourist attractiveness that reflect physical, psychological and emotional characteristics of feasibility of urban environment for local tourism. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the development of categories for the analysis based on the key approaches of Paul Kidwell and Colin Ellard towards studying psychogeography of the city and architecture of the urban environment.

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