scholarly journals URBANISTIKOS MOKSLO IR STUDIJŲ VIETOS LIETUVOS KLASIFIKATORIUOSE PARADOKSAI/PARADOXES OF POSITIONING URBAN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN THE LITHUANIAN CLASSIFICATORS

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigmas J. Daunora
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Engineering Management ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Urban Science

Urban Design and Planning, being a significant field of architect’s professional activity, science and education, in the Lithuanian classificators of science (1998) and education (2001) is replaced by Land Management which is concerned with another field closely related to engineering management of rural territories. The paper discusses diferences in the conception of these disciplines, and need of correcting the classificators is suggested with intention to create reasonable development conditions for the science and education of urban design and planning corresponding to those existing in the other EU countries. Some of the conceptions and incorrectly used concepts of the Law on Territory Planning requiring changes are indicated. It is stated that during 11–19 years an inadequate approach to a complex and socially urgent matter, related with culture, science and art, has brought the urban development of the country to a situation having evident attributes of chaos. Most damage is done to the architecture of towns, where the role of urban design activity, defining the conceptions of built-up morphostructure, urban complexes and the architecture of public spaces, is essential. Sustainable compositional development of a town defining its individual image and aesthetic attraction also depends on the qualification of a participating architect urbanist and his role in a team of planners. A model of positioning urban design and planning in the systematic conception of architect’s professional activity, science and education as well as possibilities of supplementing the classificators are proposed. Santrauka Lietuvoje priimtuose mokslo (1998 m.) ir studijų (2001 m.) klasifikatoriuose reikšmingos architekto profesinės veiklos, mokslo ir studijų kryptys – urbanistinis projektavimas ir planavimas (Town and Country Planning) – pakeistos į kraštotvarką (Land Management) – kitos srities dalyką, artimą inžinerinio kaimo teritorijų tvarkymo vadybai. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami šių disciplinų sampratos skirtumai ir iškeliama klasifikatorių tikslinimo reikmė, siekiant atkurti urbanistikos mokslui ir studijoms priimtinas plėtojimo sąlygas, adekvačias egzistuojančioms kitose ES šalyse. Nurodomos su tuo susijusios kai kurios keistinos Teritorijų planavimo įstatymo nuostatos, pateikiamas urbanistikos vietos architekto profesinės veiklos, mokslo bei studijų sisteminėje sampratoje modelis ir klasifikatorių papildymo galimybės.

scholarly journals The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7461
Author(s):  
Mohammad Paydar ◽  
Asal Kamani Fard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Different Levels

More than 150 cities around the world have expanded emergency cycling and walking infrastructure to increase their resilience in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. This tendency toward walking has led it to becoming the predominant daily mode of transport that also contributes to significant changes in the relationships between the hierarchy of walking needs and walking behaviour. These changes need to be addressed in order to increase the resilience of walking environments in the face of such a pandemic. This study was designed as a theoretical and empirical literature review seeking to improve the walking behaviour in relation to the hierarchy of walking needs within the current context of COVID-19. Accordingly, the interrelationship between the main aspects relating to walking-in the context of the pandemic- and the different levels in the hierarchy of walking needs were discussed. Results are presented in five sections of “density, crowding and stress during walking”, “sense of comfort/discomfort and stress in regard to crowded spaces during walking experiences”, “crowded spaces as insecure public spaces and the contribution of the type of urban configuration”, “role of motivational/restorative factors during walking trips to reduce the overload of stress and improve mental health”, and “urban design interventions on arrangement of visual sequences during walking”.

scholarly journals Incidental great public spaces and the role of urban design in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Dario Schoulund ◽  
◽  
Karina Landman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces

scholarly journals Mixing Oil with Water: Framing and Theorizing in Management Research Informed by Design Science

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
A. Georges L. Romme ◽  
Dimo Dimov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Design Research ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Engineering Management ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Herbert Simon ◽  
Normative Knowledge

Design science (DS) approaches have been emerging in engineering, management and other disciplines operating at the interface between design research and the natural or social sciences. Research informed by DS is challenging because it involves “mixing oil with water”, using a famous phrase of Herbert Simon. A key challenge here is the dual role of theory: one can develop a “theory of” any empirical phenomenon to explain its characteristics and outcomes, or alternatively, develop a “theory for” generating this phenomenon, focused on solving problems and enlarging possibilities. To clearly distinguish these two perspectives, we talk about theorizing in relation to theory-of and framing related to theory-for. A state-of-the-art review of how DS is applied by management researchers results in two main findings. First, explicit (re)framing efforts appear to be highly instrumental in challenging a given theoretical paradigm and thereby reduce the risk of being constrained to it; these findings confirm the generative nature of design activity. Moreover, many studies reviewed draw on knowledge formats that synthesize descriptive-explanatory and prescriptive-normative knowledge. Our main findings are subsequently integrated into a DS methodology, which may especially be of interest to design-oriented disciplines that tend to adopt a rather intuitive (undefined) notion of theory.

Interakcje z architekturą. Społeczne sprawstwo zabudowy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (52) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Magdalena Łukasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
Architecture And Design

The article describes the role of urban design in the theoretical prospect of the sociology of architecture. I argue that the architecture and design select people (user and tenants) using aesthetic parameter. The process of social segregation as a result of gentrification and modernization is often hidden behind the discourse around design and serves the contemporary elites. I present the point of view elaborated by Project for Public Spaces as an example of place-centered (and not design-centered) approach.

scholarly journals The Role of Urban Design in Achieving Sustainability through Promotion of Sustainable Behaviors (Case Study: Mellat Park in Tehran, Iran)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khabazi ◽  
Hooman Foroughmand Araabi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
The Government ◽  
Physical Changes

Sustainability is debated in social and economic aspects of urban design but there are few studies on behavioral aspect of it. People with their behavioral patterns have the most significant role in achieving sustainability. The promotion of Behavioral pattern is considered a down-top planning in a country thus any lack in governmental activities enhance the importance of this approach. It means in developing countries where the government does not succeed to achieve sustainability through its top-down planning, considering down-top planning could be efficient. Behavioral patterns shape people consumption of energy and resources and finally determine the consumption rate of city resources. Urban design is one of the branches of knowledge that can obtain the possibility of some circumstances in public spaces of cities for better behaviors so in this article we can suggest some strategies to achieve this target. This article tries to survey how we can achieve patterns of sustainable behavior through some physical changes in urban spaces in the case study of Mellat Park in Tehran, Iran.

Urban Design, Public Spaces, and Social Cohesion : Evidence from a Virtual Reality Experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Llopis Abella ◽  
Anna Fruttero ◽  
Emcet O. Tas ◽  
Umar Taj
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Public Spaces

MEDIA AND MODERNITY: THE ROLE OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN THE MODERNIZATION OF WESTERN SOCIETY

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Yuyun Sunesti
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Western Society ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Information Media ◽  
Printing Method ◽  
Important Milestone

One of the influential factors in the formation of modern society in the Westernworld and subsequently spread to over the world has been the discovery of printing presswhich can be found in the form of printing method, printing company and print media.Since it was firstly used by Gutenberg in about 15th century AD, information which waspreviously delivered through oral medium with a limited audience, then through a methodof printing can be reproduced in large quantities and can be read by more audience, acrossdistance and time. Printing method which encourages the emergence of large printingcompanies and then print media has contributed in transforming modern cultural life ofsociety.In addition, the advent of the printing industries which has transformed intotransnational corporations as well as the emergence of journals and regular newspapersalso contributes significantly in raising public spaces as a medium for discussion andcritical thinking amidst society. Ultimately, this information media transformation brings achange in the state system which is more open and leads to the emergence of ideas ofnationalism which becomes an important milestone in transforming traditional societiesinto modern societies.

Queering Gender Identity Work: A Life History of a Black Transgender Woman

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esethu Monakali
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This article offers an analysis of the identity work of a black transgender woman through life history research. Identity work pertains to the ongoing effort of authoring oneself and positions the individual as the agent; not a passive recipient of identity scripts. The findings draw from three life history interviews. Using thematic analysis, the following themes emerge: institutionalisation of gender norms; gender and sexuality unintelligibility; transitioning and passing; and lastly, gender expression and public spaces. The discussion follows from a poststructuralist conception of identity, which frames identity as fluid and as being continually established. The study contends that identity work is a complex and fragmented process, which is shaped by other social identities. To that end, the study also acknowledges the role of collective agency in shaping gender identity.

Health and social problems associated with HIV infection and AIDS in the professional activity of specialists with secondary medical education

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
L. Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

The article considers urgent problem of modern society – progressive increase in the number of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Epidemiological characteristics of the pathogen are given, clinical signs of the disease and a modern strategy aimed at reducing the number of infected people are presented. The role of specialists with secondary medical education in the implementation of the Strategy aimed at combating the spread of HIV infection epidemic in the Russian Federation is emphasized.

Development of paediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region (in memory of Litovkina L. S.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
E. E. Maslak ◽  
I. V. Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Educational Program ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Important Health

Relevance. The role of pediatric dentistry in younger generation health improvement is undeniable; therefore, developing pediatric dental service is an important health care issue.Purpose. To present the contribution of Lubov Sergeevna Litovkina to paediatric dental service development in connection with her death on December, 23, 2019.Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of professional activity and scientific works of L.S. Litovkina the achievements that have contributed to the development of pediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region were identified.Results. Public, clinical and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina were highlighted. Special attention was paid to such areas of her work as the organization of epidemiological dental examinations of children’s population, the implementation of milk fluoridation program for prevention of dental caries in preschool children, school dentistry improvement and applying the dental educational program for the elementary schoolchildren.Conclusions. The organizational and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina contributed to the development of the paediatric dental service and oral health improvement of children’s population.

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