scholarly journals EXPLORING THE BOTTLENECK OF IRAN'S NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM BY TOC THINKING PROCESS

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Abdi ◽  
Alireza Hasanzadeh ◽  
Ali-Asghar Fani ◽  
Seyed Hassan Ghodsi Poor
Keyword(s):  
Technology Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Diffusion Mechanisms ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Research And Education

This paper contributes to identify systematic problems in NIS using Thinking Process (TOC-TP) and to eliminate the bottlenecks, which results in improving the innovation process and efficiency of NIS. The Case study in this research is the NIS of Iran. The national documents of the innovation system were studied and all problems of NIS mentioned in documents were gathered. The causal relationships between the systematic problems were identified by the survey and grouped into 6 components by Exploratory Factor Analysis: weakness in technology diffusion mechanisms, the lack of centralized governance on science and technology policy, the government's pivotal role as an executor in education and research, weak laws and regulations in the field of research and technology, the lack of adequate financial resources in R&D and the lack of any perspective on the creation of wealth and entrepreneurship among the actors of research and technology. Finally the bottleneck of Iran's NIS was recognized by Thinking Process tools: the small participation of private sector in research and education system as the result of government's pivotal role as an executor of Iran's national innovation system. So the researchers could diagnose the policy gaps related to the identified bottlenecks.

scholarly journals ABOUT DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF NATIONAL INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
А.П. Фомина ◽  
Р.А. Дрозд ◽  
М.И. Гайченя
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The Many ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Push Model

Для достижения необходимого уровня конкурентоспособности экономики страны, развития национальной инновационной системы, требуется идентификация и актуализация факторов, оказывающих влияние на национальную инновационную систему, ее успешное функционирование. Из множества факторов, влияющих на инновационное развитие, необходимо выделить основные и второстепенные. В статье рассматриваются основные характеристики инновационного процесса, механизмы взаимодействия субъектов экономики и науки. Рассматриваются модели эндогенного роста и имитационного инновационного развития и интенсивного инновационного роста. При рассмотрении двух подходов к природе зарождения инновации: модель technology – push и модель market-pull, авторами выдвигается и подтверждается гипотеза о том, что фактором развития национальной инновационной системы является, прежде всего, реализация технологических инноваций. Авторами доказывается, что особое внимание необходимо уделить развитию научно-технической инновационной инфраструктуры. Развитие национальных инновационных систем может иметь секторальный характер: применение соответствующей экономической политики, стимулирующей развитие науки, технологий, инноваций в отдельных секторах экономики и кластерах, в которых под влиянием различных факторов сложились наиболее благоприятные условия для развития в сфере технологий. To achieve the required level of competitiveness of the country's economy, the development of a national innovation system, identification and updating of factors that influence the national innovation system and its successful functioning is required. Of the many factors affecting innovative development, it is necessary to distinguish the main and secondary. The article discusses the main characteristics of the innovation process, the mechanisms of interaction between economic entities and science. The models of endogenous growth and imitation innovative development and intensive innovative growth are considered. When considering two approaches to the nature of the origin of innovation: the technology-push model and the market-pull model, the authors put forward and confirm the hypothesis that the factor of development of the national innovation system is, first of all, the implementation of technological innovations. The authors prove that special attention should be paid to the development of scientific and technical innovation infrastructure. The development of national innovation systems can be of a sectoral nature: the application of appropriate economic policies that stimulate the development of science, technology, innovation in individual sectors of the economy and clusters, in which under the influence of various factors the most favorable conditions for development in the field of technology have developed.

scholarly journals CONSTRUÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES DA INOVAÇÃO: EFEITOS SOCIOPOLÍTICOS DO ZENIT PARQUE DA UFRGSBUILDING INNOVATION INSTITUTIONS: SOCIO-POLITICAL EFFECTS OF ZENIT PARK AT UFRGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Sandro Ruduit Garcia ◽  
Tamirez Galvão da Silva Paim ◽  
Figueiredo Artur Muinge
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Political Effects

Os parques tecnológicos têm envolvido uma diversidade de situações que reclama considerações sobre a sua capacidade de contribuir para a redução do déficit institucional que assola o “sistema nacional de inovação” no Brasil. Com base no detalhamento de um estudo de caso, tentamos avançar o argumento de que esse tipo de institucionalidade envolve, mais do que uma resposta às novas demandas do sistema produtivo e econômico, processos indeterminados de construção sociopolítica conduzidos pela ação estratégica em meio a diferentes formas de resistência, a limitações de recursos econômicos e sociais, e a quadros regulatórios pré-existentes. A estratégia do parque pode, desse modo, construir uma institucionalidade que avança na direção de certos vínculos, mas deixa de integrar diferentes esferas e atores relevantes (parques de modelo acadêmico). A conjectura é discutida tomando-se como referência a recente experiência do “Zenit Parque da UFRGS”.AbstractTechnology parks have involved a variety of situations that call for considerations on their capacities to contribute to reducing the institutional deficit that plagues the “national innovation system” in Brazil. Based on the details of a case study, we try to advance the argument that this type of institutional framework involves more than a response to the new demands of the productive and economic system, undetermined processes of sociopolitical construction driven by strategic action amid different ways resistance, limitations of economic and social resources, and pre-existing regulatory frameworks. The park’s strategy can thus build an institutionality that advances in the direction of certain links but fails to integrate different spheres and relevant actors (academic model parks). The conjecture is discussed with reference to the recent experience of “Zenit Park at UFRGS.

scholarly journals Science for Russia: Innovative Tuning of the Econom

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Svetlana Demidenko ◽  
Evgeny Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Dominant Point ◽  
Deep Integration

The discussion revealed the main positions of researchers on the lines of “state – market” and “national – global”. The dominant point of view is the recognition of the irreplaceability of the market and, above all, the demand for science and innovation on the part of the hightech industry, as well as the recognition of the special role of the state in the development of the institutional environment and the fear of bureaucratization. For all the tempting idea of connecting the country to the global innovation mechanism, the formation of an effective national innovation system (ecosystem) is recognized as more realistic under current conditions. In this regard, the development of human capital and the institutional environment, as well as the digital transformation of the main spheres of the life of society, including the scientific, technological and innovation spheres, are of particular importance. Deep integration of science into the national innovation system is required, which implies the participation of science in the innovation process at all its stages and the connection of science with all types of innovations from technological to organizational.

A Framework to Analyse the Role of Government in Promoting Quality Innovation in Developing Economies

2014 ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
Dilupa Nakandala ◽  
Tim Turpin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Systemic Support

This chapter analyses the role of government in promoting quality innovation in developing economies. The emphasis is on the importance of understanding firms as main actors of innovation that form the central core of the national innovation system framework. The authors discuss the importance of recognising the range and diversity of innovation firm-level actors in the world’s developing economies and their broad requirements for systemic support in order to capitalize on existing resources within the economy. Using the Sri Lankan national innovation system as a case study, the authors discuss the limited ability of traditional systemic approaches to account for diverse firm requirements in the innovation process. In order to promote quality innovation in firms, it is important that governments in developing economies where resources are scarce build on existing capabilities in innovation and technology.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN TURKESTAN REGION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (388) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Kokenova A.T., ◽  
◽  
Maulenkulovа G.E., ◽  
Samenova N., ◽  
Turdalieva U., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Innovation Activities

The importance of innovation in ensuring the development of a modern economy has been recognized in Kazakhstan not only in the works of specialists, but also in the position stated by the state. However, from understanding the importance of innovation in the context of economic development to understanding its real significance in the economic development of the country, and even more so - to develop an effective policy that ensures the active use of innovation to ensure economic and social progress, a very difficult path runs. Regulation of innovation in a modern market economy is a complex system of state, public and corporate institutions that serve and regulate innovation processes in order to ensure the fullest use of their potential. A set of institutions and organizations that cover all stages and areas of the innovation process, and currently forms a national innovation system in developed market economies. The trend of transition to an innovative way of development and the formation of a national innovation system is currently an important direction in economic science. This makes it particularly important to theoretically understand the essence of the innovation process in the economy and ways to improve the effectiveness of state regulation of innovation. Thus, the development of a mechanism for activating innovation activities within the framework of the state regulation system is one of the most acute socio-economic problems. The obvious relevance, great practical significance and lack of development of the indicated problem led to the choice of the topic of the dissertation research, its goals and objectives. In the scientific article, the conditions for effective innovation activity of economic entities are identified and based on them, recommendations are developed to improve the mechanism for increasing innovation activity within the system of state regulation of innovation activity of the Kazakh economy.

National Innovation System of India: The Dynamics of Science and Technology Indicators and Empirical Considerations

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Baldev Singh SHERGILL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Technology Indicators

<p>The present paper is an attempt to explore changing national innovation system of India in the context of conventional measure of national innovation system, science and technology indicators during pre-reform period, 1980-1992 and post reform period, 1993-2006 which reflects the policy change, liberalize license system and science and technology policy in 1991 while extensive economic reforms initiated. The paper undertakes a detailed sketch out of R&amp;D activities across industries, laboratories and institutions. R&amp;D expenditure growth rate in industrial sector, R&amp;D intensity, R&amp;D expenditure by major scientific agencies, growth rates of basic research, applied research, experimental research and other related S&amp;T activities, growth rates of advertising expenditure, new plant and machinery in public and private sector, faculty-wise enrolment in higher education, estimated stock of science and technology personnel, patent filed by different states and patent granted in different fields, subject area-wise research papers, books and technical reports published in different fields from India and comparative trends in IPR granted in India analyzed in a comparative approach. R&amp;D input indicators growth rate turned down in the post reform period as comparative to pre reform period. R&amp;D output indicators boosted during post reform period as relative to pre reform period. It is argued that increase in patent filed and IPR granted over time is basically due to the introduction of IPR regime. </p>

scholarly journals Inovasi pada Organisasi Pemerintah: Tahapan dan Dinamika

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ridlowi Ridlowi ◽  
Fathul Himam
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Service Agency ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Or Methodology ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Developing System

Innovation has been identical with the use of new ways to gain the effectiveness and efficiency of a product, service, or methodology by a profit organization in order to face the business competition. The aim of this research is to see the dynamics that happen on innovation process run by government organization by taking case study on Computer Assisted Test (CAT) based employee selection system in National Civil Service Agency. The data are gathered through deep-interview to five research respondents by using qualitative approach. The results show that there are three main dimensions in the development proses of CAT system innovation: building the base of organization knowledge, designing innovation system, and developing system of continuity. The dimension of developing continuity system has become the unique characteristic in this study in comparison with the other results in regard to the process and innovation steps. Innovation in CAT system is a self-actualization of government organization to acquire and maintain its programs and authorities.

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