HUMAN NATURE AND THE NATURE ITSELF: NATURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE HUMAN NATURE / ŽMOGAUS PRIGIMTIS IR NATŪRA KAIP TOKIA: GAMTINIAI IR SOCIALINIAI ŽMOGAUS PRIGIMTIES ASPEKTAI

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Béla Mester
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Historical Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Rationality

This paper offers a historical contribution for understanding of the relationship between nature and culture, based on an analysis of a highly influential text of the European philosophical tradition, About the Ends of Goods and Evils of Cicero. Human morality has three different roots on the Ciceronian pages: 1) a human can be an animal – a part of the live nature – in the concept of oikeiōsis; 2) a human has obligations as a cosmopolitēs, a part of the cosmos; and 3) social obligations rooted in human rationality, in other words – human being is a part of the society. Analyzing these three roots of the Stoic ethics in a Roman interpretation, we can understand their contradictory consequences. By the analysis of the relevant texts it will be demonstrated that the Stoic philosophers and their interpreters were unconscious of the ambiguity of the roots of human morality offered by them. A tension in our anthropological thinking about the human nature as a natural or a social phenomenon has its roots partly in this ancient ambiguity, hidden and unconscious. The rise of this conceptually confused ambiguity has several consequences in our today thought as well. Santrauka Šiame straipsnyje pateiktas istorinis indėlis suprasti gamtos ir kultūros santykį, pagrįstą labai įtakingo europietiškosios filosofinės tradicijos Cicerono teksto Apie gėrio ir blogio ribas analize. Žmogiškoji moralė Cicerono puslapiuose turi tris skirtingas šaknis: 1) oikeiōsis sampratoje žmogus gali būti gyvūnas – gyvosios gamtos dalis; 2) žmogus kaip cosmopolitēs, kaip kosmo dalis, turi įsipareigojimų; 3) socialiniai įsipareigojimai yra įšaknyti žmogiškajame racionalume, kitais žodžiais tariant, žmogiškoji būtybė yra visuomenės dalis. Analizuodami šias tris stoikų etikos šaknis romėniškojoje interpretacijoje, galime suprasti prieštaringas jų pasekmes. Remdamiesi svarbių tekstų analize parodysime, kad stoikų filosofai ir jų interpretatoriai nesuvokė savo pasiūlytosios žmogiškosios moralės šaknų dviprasmiškumo. Mūsų antropologinio mąstymo apie žmogaus prigimtį kaip gamtinį ar socialinį fenomeną įtampa turi savąsias šaknis iš dalies šiame paslėptame ir nesuvoktame antikiniame dviprasmiškume. Šio konceptualiai painaus dviprasmiškumo iškilimas turi tam tikrų pasekmių taip pat ir mūsų nūdienėje mintyje.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF LABOR EMIGRATION FROM THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Adriana Grenčiková ◽  
Ilona Skačkauskienė ◽  
Jana Španková
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Population Composition ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Relationship

Migration is historically a social phenomenon that not only has a significant effect on politics, economics, and social aspects but also presents challenges to the security of states and alters population composition in countries. Labor migration and its investigation are becoming a society-wide phenomenon because of the labor force shortage as well as the aging population. The Slovak Republic is a country that faces the outflow of qualified workers abroad, and the country’s index of aging is one of the most dynamic in Europe. The current study aims at examining the relations and the reasons for emigration to work from the Slovak Republic. To identify the causes of labor emigration in the Slovak Republic, a survey was conducted to explore the decisions of people to emigrate for work, the duration of the stay abroad and the possibility of returning to Slovakia. This study also analyses the relationship between GDP growth and improvement of the economic situation in Slovakia, the number of labor emigrants, as well as the relationship between the minimum wage and the number of labor migrants.

scholarly journals Spriritual Metode Spiritual Penghayat Kapribaden Dalam Menjalin Hubungan Dengan Sang Pencipta

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-351
Author(s):  
Satria Adhitama
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Collection Methods

There are hundreds of beliefs in Indonesia, one of which is Kapribaden. The essence of Kapribaden's teachings is a spiritual practice by starting to know yourself as a human being and after that you can only know God. Before knowing God, Kapribaden followers must understand human nature first. This study aims to dig deeper into how Kapribaden believers establish a relationship with the Creator. This study uses a constructivist paradigm with interview data collection methods and literature study. There is a method or method known as Panca Gaib or Sarana Gaib to connect Kapribaden followers with God, namely Kunci, Asmo, Mijil, Singkir, and Paweling. By understanding this, it is hoped that the public can get a clear picture of the relationship between Kapribaden followers and God, so that acts of discrimination can be minimized.

scholarly journals Buddhist Literature: A Cosmopolitan Philosophy

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Giri
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Buddhist Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Close Family

This article argues that literature of Buddha's philosophy has cosmopolitan nature. Buddhists do not believe in a personal creator God. In this sense, Buddhism is more than a religion; it is not centered only on the relationship between humans and a high God. Buddhism is a philosophical tradition that believes and centers on personal spiritual development. It is a humanistic way of life which can be understood as motivated to lead a moral life; it is also conscious of one's thoughts and actions as well as in developing wisdom and compassion. Both Buddhism and cosmopolitanism assert the dignity of every human being; these ideals aim at improving the condition of life. Philanthropy, empathy, and compassion can be considered as synonyms for Buddhism and cosmopolitanism. Service to fellow human beings is at the center for a cosmopolitan. When humans ascend the material concerns like pleasure and material desire, they are free to fulfill responsibilities to fellow human beings so that they can go up and beyond the close family members to all human beings, which is the philosophy of both Buddhism and cosmopolitanism. In both the Buddhist and cosmopolitan philosophy there is basic consideration of humanity. Buddhist social thought offers something to cosmopolitan ethics that cosmopolitanism’s desire to enhance ‘human interconnectedness’ is truly helpful to minimize the human sufferings. In this article, my goal is to explore and show Buddhism as a cosmopolitan philosophy.

Herder and the Jewish Question

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick C. Beiser
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Natural Order ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Language History ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Herder brings the entire human being into focus by tracing its connections with the natural, cultural, and historical world. The first part of the volume examines the various dimensions of Herder’s philosophical understanding of human nature through which he sought methodologically to delineate a genuinely anthropological philosophy. This includes his critique of traditional metaphysics and its revision along anthropological lines; the metaphysical, epistemological, and physiological dimensions of his theory of the soul-body relationship; his conception of aesthetics as the study of the sensuous basis of knowledge; and the relationship between the human and natural sciences. The second part then examines further aspects of this understanding of human nature and what emerges from it: the human-animal distinction; how human life evolves over space and time on the basis of a natural order; the fundamentally hermeneutic dimension to human existence; and the interrelatedness of language, history, religion, and culture.

Is Being Human Being Rational? Otto Duintjer’s Critique of A Philosophical Tradition

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-253
Author(s):  
René van Woudenberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Alternative Conception ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Essential Property ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Intellectual

Throughout the history of Western philosophy there has been a remarkable consensus that the unique and distinctive feature of human nature lies in the human capacity to think — that is, to think rationally. Being rational is conceived of as being an essential property of human beings. The Amsterdam philosopher Otto Dirk Duintjer2 has made an impressive attempt to analyze this dominant intellectual tradition for the purpose of furnishing hints for an alternative conception of what goes into the essence of being human. This alternative is presented not as another, more promising route within, but as a way out of our Western intellectual cul-de-sac, as Duintjer sees it. In this essay I first want to give a brief exposition of Duintjer’s analysis of our philosophical tradition because, I think, it is worth our serious consideration. Secondly, I will review his alternative for the traditional conception of what it means to be a human being. And thirdly I will discuss the viability of his alternative by comparing it with Dooyeweerd’s transcendental philosophy.

SWAZI ORAL LITERATURE, ECO-CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL APOCALYPSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enongene Mirabeau Sone
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Western Concept ◽  
Critical Resource ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

The main objective of this paper is to show how oral literature is engaged by Swazis with regards to environmental sustainability. It demonstrates the relationship between nature and culture as reflected in Swazi oral literature and how indigenous knowledge embedded in this literature can be used to expand the concepts of eco-literature and eco-criticism. The paper argues that the indigenous environmental expertise among the Swazi people, encapsulated in their oral literature, can serve as a critical resource base for the process of developing a healthy environment. Furthermore, the paper contends that eco-criticism, which is essentially a Western concept, can benefit by drawing inspiration from the indigenous knowledge contained in Swazi culture and expressed in their oral literature. The paper concludes by recommending the need to strengthen traditional and customary knowledge and practices by protecting and recognising the values of such systems in the conservation of biodiversity for sustainable development.

Neography and Word of the Year

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
T. N. Butseva ◽  
Yu. S. Ridetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article deals with the relationship between the terms «word of the year» and «neologism of the year», and the examples are the words, annually nominating as «word of the year», and neologisms of the last few years. The main research methods are statistical, comparative, and lexicographic description. Usually nomination «Word of the year» presents words, long-existing in the Russian language, borrowings, as well as author’s occasionalisms. The cultural and social aspects prevail in this campaign, while linguistic aspects are not involved. It seems that the verbal image of the year is a more complex and mosaic phenomenon. It can be reconstructed with the help of representative linguistic data scrupulously collected by lexicographers.

سؤال العلاقة بين الفطرة والشريعة: قراءة معرفية (The Question of the Relationship between Shariah and Human Nature/fitrah: An Epistemological Review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
المختار الأحمر
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Interconnected Systems ◽  
Evolutionary Aspect ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Shed Light

الملخّص يتناول البحث علاقة الفطرة بالشريعة في التفكير الإسلامي، وما تطرحه هذه العلاقة سواء على مستوى بيان الجوانب المتعلقة بخَلْق الإنسان وما فُطِر عليه ابتداء، وهذا البعد يمثّل الجانب التكوني في مفهوم الفطرة، أو على المستوى المتعلق بالشريعة وفطريتها، أي أنها جارية وفق ما يدركه العقل وتشهد به الفطرة، وهذا البعد يمثّل الجانب التشريعي الذي يطرحه مفهوم الفطرة. لقد زخرت أغلب الكتابات بتناول جانبا واحدا مما يتيحه أو يعكسه مفهوم الفطرة، لكن البحث في العلاقة التناسبية بين الفطرة والشريعة، وما يتيحه هذا النظر المتلازم بين المفهومين على مستوى الإمكانات المتعلقة بقدرات الإنسان الفطرية في فهم وتعقّل الخطاب الشرعي والأحكام التكليفية، والوقوف على غاياته ومقاصده، يبقى في حاجة إلى البحث والاستقصاء. ولذلك تأتي هذه الدراسة لتسليط الضوء على الجانب التشريعي والتكويني في علاقة الشريعة بالفطرة، باعتبارهما نظامين متلازمين يتيحان فهم طبيعة الشريعة وأحكامها ومقاصدها من جهة، وتحديد جوهر وماهية الإنسان الفطرية وإمكاناته في تعقّل هذه الشريعة من جهة ثانية.                  الكلمات المفتاحية: الفطرة، الشريعة، الدين، التكاليف، العقل. Abstract This research addresses the relationship between premordial human nature (fitrah) and Islamic law (SharÊÑah) within the frame of Islamic thought, while exploring the questions it raises at two levels. The first level explains the aspects related to the creation of man and what has initially been bestowed upon him, which represents the evolutionary aspect of the concept of fiÏrah. The second level is related to SharÊÑah and its nature, which evolves according to what is percieved by reason and witnessed by fiÏrah; this represents the legislative aspect presented by the concept of fiÏrah. The majority of studies to date address a single aspect of the illustrations of the concept of fiÏrah. However, research on the dialectic relationship between fiÏrah and SharÊÑah and what its relevant concurrent view provides at the level of potentials related to human innate capacities in understanding and realizing SharÊÑah discourse and mandatory provisions as well as understanding its objectives  remains scarce and requires further research and investigation. Therefore, this study intends to shed light on the legislative and evolutionary aspects of the relationship between SharÊÑah and fiÏrah as two interconnected systems that allow for the understanding of the nature of SharÊÑah, its provisions and purposes, as well as identifying the essence of human innate nature and its potential in perceiving SharÊÑah. Keywords: human nature (fiÏrah), Islamic law (SharÊÑah), religious mandates (TakÉlif), religion, intellect (ÑAqal).

QUALITY OF LIFE PROBLEMS OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Olga Churuksaeva ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Due to improvements in short- and long-term clinical outcomes a study of quality of life is one of the most promising trends in oncology today. This review analyzes the published literature on problems dealing with quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer. Data on quality of life with respect to the extent of anticancer treatment as well as psychological and social aspects are presented. The relationship between quality of life and survival has been estimated.

THE ONTOLOGICAL ROOTEDNESS OF COGNITIVE PRACTICES LINGUISTIC FORMS IN RELIGIOUS SOCIO-CULTURAL TRADITIONS: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
NATALIA MALSHINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Fundamental Ontology ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
The World ◽  
True Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the ontological problems in the aspect of the ratio of different cognitive practices and their mutual conditionality in the context of communication and their socio-cultural prerequisites, which is possible only if the traditional approach to the distinction between epistemology and faith is revised. Based on the idea of identity of common grounds of cognitive practices “belief” is included in the understanding of interpretation in the communicative situation for true knowledge in each of the modes of being. Belief in the philosophical tradition reveals the ontological foundations of hermeneutics. Three reflections are synthesised: the hermeneutic concept of understanding, the structuralist concept of language, and the psychoanalytic concept of personality. It is necessary to apply the method of phenomenological reduction to the ontological substantiation of hermeneutics in the Christian Orthodox tradition. Hence, the very natural seems the meeting of semantics, linguistics, and onomatodoxy, with the ontology language of Heidegger, the origins of which resides in in Husserl phenomenology. Fundamental ontology and linguistics, cult philosophy - both in different ways open the horizons of substantiation of hermeneutics. The beginning of this justification is the hermeneutic problem in Christianity, which has appeared as a sequence of the question of the relationship between the two Covenants, or two Unions. In the paper, the author attempts to identify the stages of constructing the philosophical concept of Pavel Florensky. As a result, the substantiation of the birth of the world in consciousness by the cult is revealed. Ontological tradenote words can be seen in Florensky through symbols. The symbol makes the transition from a small energy to a larger one, from a small information saturation to a greater one, acting as a lumen of being - when by the name we hear the reality. The word comes into contact with the world that is on the other side of our own psychological state. The word, the symbol shifts all the time from subjective to objective. The communicative model acts as a common point uniting these traditions. The religious approach as part of semiotic approach reveals the horizons of ontological conditionality of language and words, and among the words - the name, as the name plays a central role in the accumulation and transmission of information, understanding of the commonality of this conditionality in the concepts of phenomenology and Christian, Orthodox tradition.

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