scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON CYCLONES WITH CYLINDRICAL AND SPIRAL SHELLS / CIKLONŲ SU CILINDRINIU IR SPIRALINIU KORPUSAIS EKSPERIMENTINIŲ TYRIMŲ ANALIZĖ

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandras Chlebnikovas ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Flow Parameters

The conducted investigation is aimed at providing information on air flow parameters in the cylindrical and spiral shell (devices are designed for separating solid particles from air flow having tangent flow inlet). Experimental research has employed multi-cyclones created by the Department of Environmental Protection at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. The study is focused on investigating and comparing the distribution of the dynamic pressure of the airflow in six-channel cyclones inside the structures of devices. The paper establishes and estimates the efficiency of air cleaning changing air phase parameters using different particulate matters. The efficiency of the cyclone has been defined applying the weighted method based on LAND 28-98/M-08 methodology. The article presents the results of experimental research on the air cleaning efficiency of cylindrical and spiral shells using 20 µm glass and clay particulate matter under the initial concentration that may vary from 500 mg/m3 to 15 g/m3 using semi-rings with windows at different positions. The obtained results has shown that the maximum efficiency of the cylindrical shell increases up to 87,3 % while the initial concentration of glass makes 15 g/m3. Santrauka Nagrinėjami ir tarpusavyje lyginami oro srauto parametrai, jų kitimas ir valymo efektyvumas cilindriniame ir spiraliniame ciklone (įrenginiai skirti kietųjų dalelių iš oro srauto su tangentinio srauto įtekėjimu atskyrimui). Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu naudojami daugiakanaliai ciklonai, sukurti Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto Aplinkos apsaugos katedroje. Tyrimais buvo siekiama išanalizuoti ir palyginti kanalinių ciklonų oro srauto dinaminių slėgių pasiskirstymą įrenginių konstrukcijos viduje, nustatyti ir palyginti oro valymo efektyvumą, kintant oro fazės parametrams, panaudojant skirtingas kietąsias daleles. Ciklonų efektyvumai nustatyti svoriniu metodu, remiantis LAND 28-98/M-08 metodika. Pateikiami cilindrinio ir spiralinio korpusų ciklonų stiklo ir molio 20 µm kietųjų dalelių atskyrimo tyrimų rezultatai, esant įleidžiamai užteršto oro koncentracijai 500 mg/m3 – 15 g/m3, keičiant skirtingos geometrijos kreivalinijinius pusžiedžius. Nustatyta, kad efektyviausiai atskiriamos yra kietosios stiklo dalelės, esant 15 g/m3 pradinei koncentracijai, maksimalus efektyvumas nustatytas cilindriniame ciklone, jis siekia 87,3 %.

scholarly journals Experimental Research of Gaseous Emissions Impact on the Performance of New-Design Cylindrical Multi-Channel Cyclone with Adjustable Half-Rings

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Aleksandras Chlebnikovas ◽  
Dainius Paliulis ◽  
Kristina Kilikevičienė ◽  
Artūras Kilikevičius
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Channel Type

Cyclones are widely used for separating particles from gas in energy production objects. The efficiency of conventional centrifugal air cleaning devices ranges from 85 to 90%, but the weakness of many cyclones is the low collection efficiency of particles less than 10 μm in diameter. The novelty of this work is the research of the channel-type treatment device, with few levels adapted for precipitation of fine particulate matter, acting by a centrifugal and filtration principle. Many factors have an impact on cyclone efficiency—humidity, temperature, gas (air) composition, airflow velocity and etc. Many scientists evaluated only the effect of origin and size of PM on cyclone efficiency. The effect of gas (air) composition and temperature, and humidity on the multi-channel cyclone-separator efficiency still demands contributions. Complex theoretical and experimental research on air flow parameters and the efficiency of a cylindrical eight-channel system with adjustable half-rings for removing fine-dispersive particles (<20 μm) was carried out. The impact of air humidity and temperature on air flow, and gaseous smoke components on the removal of wood ashes was analyzed. The dusty gas flow was regulated. During the experiment, the average velocity of the cyclone was 16 m/s, and the temperature was 20–50 °C. The current paper presents experimental research results of wood ash removal in an eight-channel cyclone and theoretical methodology for the calculation of airflow parameters and cyclone effectiveness.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL REEARCH ON APPLYING LAVSAN IN THE AIR BIOFILTRATION PROCESS / LAVSANO TAIKYMO ORO BIOFILTRACIJOS PROCESE EKSPERIMENTINIAI TYRIMAI

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvydas Zagorskis ◽  
Aleksandra Milaknytė
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Cleaning Device ◽  
Rich Solution ◽  
Material Load ◽  
Air Biofiltration

Air cleaning efficiency tests on placing material load into the lavsan biofilter were carried out. Testing included butanol vapour-contaminated air stream pulled during the boot. The studies were conducted by the Department of Environmental Protection at VGTU that developed a biofilter – an experimental biological air cleaning device. Measurements were done using 60 l/min and 90 l/min air volume aspirators under the initial pollutant concentration making 180, 305, 350, 440 and 545 mg/m3. Before measuring the concentrations of butanol lavsan cartridge, loading was periodically irrigated with nutrient-rich solution. In order to evaluate the influence of microorganisms on genus Pseudomonas, cleaning efficiency tests were repeated – Boot was moistened with water only, which allowed measuring butanol vapour concentrations after the cartridge. At the concentration of 180±9 mg/m3, efficiency reached 41% at a speed of 0,07 m/s and 46 % at a speed of 0,10 m/s. Measuring the performance of the initial concentration of 545±67 mg/m3, efficiency was 54% at 0,07 m/s and 53 % at 0,10 m/s respectively. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Atlikti oro valymo efektyvumo tyrimai į lašelinį biofiltrą įkrovus lavsano medžiagos įkrovą. Bandymų metu pro įkrovą buvo traukiamas butanolio garais užterštas oro srautas. Tyrimai atliekami naudojant VGTU Aplinkos apsaugos katedroje sukurtą eksperimentinį biologinį oro valymo įrenginį – biofiltrą. Matavimai atlikti leidžiant 60 l/min. ir 90 l/min. oro kiekį aspiratoriumi. Pradinės teršalo koncentracijos – 180, 305, 350, 440, 545 mg/m3. Prieš matuojant butanolio koncentracijas panaudojant lavsano medžiagos kasetę, įkrova buvo periodiškai drėkinama maistinių medžiagų prisotintu tirpalu. Pseudomonas genties mikroorganizmų įtakai valymo efektyvumui įvertinti tyrimai buvo pakartoti – įkrovos sudrėkinamos tik vandeniu, leidžiami butanolio garai, ir matuojamos koncentracijos panaudojus lavsano medžiagos kasetę. Esant 180±89 mg/m3 koncentracijai biofiltro oro valymo efektyvumas siekė 41 %, kai per įkrovą leidžiamo dujų srauto greitis buvo 0,07 m/s, ir 46 %, kai greitis 0,10 m/s. Nustatyta valymo efektyvumas. Esant 545±55 mg/m3 pradinei koncentracijai jis siekė 54 % (0,07 m/s) ir 53 % (0,10 m/s).

scholarly journals REMOVAL OF SO2 FROM CONTAMINATED AIR USING A PEAT BIOFILTER / SO2 ŠALINIMAS IŠ UŽTERŠTO ORO NAUDOJANT BIOFILTRĄ SU DURPIŲ ĮKROVA

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-387
Author(s):  
Kristina Skemundrytė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Peat Biofilter ◽  
Cleaning Technology

About 64 thousand tons of contaminated air is annually released into ambient air. More than 30% of such pollution includes toxic sulfur compounds. The article discusses the properties of biofiltration - biological air cleaning technology. Research was performed using a biofilter produced in the laboratory at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. During testing, ambient air contaminated with sulfur dioxide was pulled through biomedia with a division of Thiobacillus microorganisms, and calculations of cleaning efficiency were performed. Besides, the efficiency of the charged peat biofilter (changing technical characteristics of the air flow rate, number of layers and value of pollutant concentration), depending on the nature of the investigated sulfur compounds and their concentrations, was determined. The biofilter improves the efficiency of air cleaning when the air flow rate reduces from 0,1 to 0,02 m/s (e.g. when sulfur dioxide is used for treating the air flow rate under the initial concentration C = 15 mg/m³, the efficiency of the filter is equal to E = 96,3%). Santrauka Didžiausia šiais laikais išsivysčiusių ir besivystančių šalių problema yra greitai besiplečiančių pramonės ir energetikos sektorių į aplinkos orą išmetami cheminiai junginiai (apie 64 tūkst. tonų per metus), iš kurių apie 30 % – žmogui nuodingi ir aplinkai neigiamą poveikį darantys sieros junginiai. Trumpai aptariama biologinio oro valymo privalumai, pagrindinės pasirinktõs durpių bioįkrovos charakteristikos, pateikiama taikyta metodika bei sieros dioksido valymo iš oro eksperimentų rezultatai, aprašomas biofiltracijos procesas. Biofiltro oro valymo efektyvumas didėja mažinant valomo oro srauto greitį nuo 0,1 iki 0,02 m/s (valant sieros dioksidu užterštą orą, kai pradinė teršalo koncentracija C = 15 mg/m³), filtro efektyvumas yra E = 96,3 %.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENCY OF AIR CLEANING FROM ACETONE USING A SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION BIOFILTER / ACETONO VALYMO IŠ ORO EFEKTYVUMO TYRIMAI, TAIKANT SEGMENTINĖS KONSTRUKCIJOS BIOFILTRĄ

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Denas Bacevičius ◽  
Alvydas Zagorskis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Acetone Vapor ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Purification Unit

Volatile organic compounds, e. g. acetone, have a direct impact on climate change, decrease of ozone in the air, and on the growth of greenhouse effect. One of the most popular air purifying methods from VOC is a biological air cleaning. Experimental investigations were conducted to determine the efficiency of the new structure of biofilter with polypropylene plates segments. During the investigations the efficiency of segmental construction biofilter of air purification at different initial concentrations of pollutants was determined. Different concentrations of pollutants were estimated during the acetone dilution with water. During the tests the efficiency of biofilter air purification from acetone vapor and its change under different concentrations of vapors was set. Based on test results, the maximum efficiency of biofilter air purification was up to 93%. Studies have shown that increasing the allowable pollutant concentration, the efficiency of air purification unit decreases. Increasing the concentration of supplied acetone vapor into the biofilter from 232 to 701 mg/m3, cleaning efficiency decreased from 92.8 to 82.3%. Since microorganisms fail to oxidize organic compounds, the filter works better at lower initial concentrations of pollutants. Lakieji organiniai junginiai, tokie kaip acetonas, turi tiesioginę įtaką klimato kaitai, ozono kiekio ore mažėjimui, šiltnamio efekto susidarymui. Vienas populiariausių oro valymo nuo LOJ metodų yra biologinis oro valymas. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai atlikti siekiant nustatyti naujos konstrukcijos biofiltro, užkrauto polipropileno plokštelių segmentais, efektyvumą. Tyrimų metu buvo nustatinėjamas segmentinės konstrukcijos oro valymo biofiltro efektyvumas, esant skirtingoms pradinėms teršalo koncentracijoms. Skirtingos teršalo koncentracijos gautos acetoną skiedžiant vandeniu. Bandymų metu nustatytas biofiltro oro valymo nuo acetono garų efektyvumas, jo kaita esant skirtingoms garų koncentracijoms. Remiantis bandymų rezultatais, didžiausias nustatytas biofiltro oro valymo efektyvumas siekė 93 %. Tyrimų metu nustatyta, kad didinant leidžiamo teršalo koncentraciją, įrenginio valymo efektyvumas mažėja. Padidinus į biofiltrą tiekiamų acetono garų koncentraciją nuo 232 iki 701 mg/m3, valymo efektyvumas sumažėjo nuo 92,8 iki 82,3 %. Kadangi mikroorganizmai nespėja oksiduoti organinių junginių, filtras geriau veikia esant mažesnėms pradinėms teršalų koncentracijoms.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES AND COMPARISON ON AERODYNAMIC PARAMETERS AND CLEANING EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-LEVEL MULTI-CHANNEL CYCLONE / DAUGIALYGIŲ DAUGIAKANALIŲ CIKLONŲ AERODINAMINIŲ PARAMETRŲ IR VALYMO EFEKTYVUMO EKSPERIMENTINIAI TYRIMAI IR PALYGINIMAS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandras Chlebnikovas ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Aerodynamic Resistance ◽  
Installation Space ◽  
Channel Cross Section ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Cleaning Device ◽  
Process Operation ◽  
Multi Level

Multi-level multi-channel cyclone – the lately designed air cleaning device that can remove ultra-fine 20 μm particulatematter (PM) from dusted air and reach over 95% of the overall cleaning efficiency. Multi-channel cyclone technology is based on centrifugal forces and has the resulting additional filtering process operation. Multi-level structure of cyclone allows to achieve higher air flow cleaning capacity at the same dimensions of the device, thus saving installation space required for the job, production and operating costs. Studies have examined the air flow parameters change in one–, two– and three–levels multichannel cyclone. These constructions differ according to the productivity of cleaned air under the constant peripheral and transitional (50/50 case) air flow relations. Accordance with the results of air flow dynamics – velocity distribution of multi-channel cyclone, aerodynamic resistance and efficiency can be judged on the flow turbulence, the flow channel cross-section and select the most appropriate application. Cleaning efficiency studies were carried out using fine granite and wood ashes PM. The maximum cleaning efficiency was 93.3%, at an average of 4.5 g/m3, the aerodynamic resistance was equal to 1525 Pa. Nagrinėjami daugialygiai daugiakanaliai ciklonai – naujos kartos oro valymo įrenginiai, galintys pašalinti iš užterštų oro srautų ypač smulkias kietąsias daleles nuo 2 mikronų dydžio bei pasiekti virš 95 % bendrą valymo efektyvumą. Daugiakanalių ciklonų darbas pagrįstas išcentrinių jėgų bei papildomai atsirandančio filtracijos proceso veikimu. Daugialygio ciklono konstrukcija leidžia pasiekti didesnio valomo oro srauto debitą, esant tiems patiems įrenginio matmenims, taip sutaupant įrenginio darbui reikalingą plotą, gamybos bei eksploatacines išlaidas. Atliktuose tyrimuose nagrinėjamas oro srauto parametrų kitimas vieno, dviejų ir trijų lygių daugiakanaliame ciklone, kintant valomo oro debitui, esant tolygiam 50/50 periferinio/tranzitinio oro srauto santykiui. Pagal gautą oro srauto dinamiką, greičių pasiskirstymą daugiakanalio ciklono kanaluose, nustatytą pasipriešinimą bei valymo efektyvumą galima spręsti apie srauto turbulentiškumą, srautų judėjimą kanalų skerspjūviuose ir parinkti tinkamiausią pritaikymą. Valymo efektyvumo tyrimai atlikti panaudojant granito bei medienos pelenų ypač smulkias kietąsias daleles. Didžiausias valymo efektyvumas siekė 93,3 %, esant vidutinei kietųjų dalelių 4,5 g/m3 koncentracijai, kai aerodinaminis pasipriešinimas buvo lygus 1525 Pa.

Investigation of the different particle size dust releases from rigid filter candles during pulse-jet cleaning

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110179
Author(s):  
Xin Luan ◽  
Zhongli Ji ◽  
Longfei Liu ◽  
Ruifeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Cleaning Performance ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Pulse Jet

Rigid filters made of ceramic or metal are widely used to remove solid particles from hot gases at temperature above 260 °C in the petrochemical and coal industries. Pulse-jet cleaning of fine dust from rigid filter candles plays a critical role in the long-term operation of these filters. In this study, an experimental apparatus was fabricated to investigate the behavior of a 2050 mm filter candle, which included monitoring the variation of pressure dynamic characteristics over time and observing the release of dust layers that allowed an analysis of the cleaning performance of ISO 12103-1 test dusts with different particle size distributions. These results showed the release behavior of these dusts could be divided into five stages: radial expansion, axial crack, flaky release, irregular disruption and secondary deposition. The cleaning performance of smaller sized dust particles was less efficient as compared with larger sized dust particles under the same operating conditions primarily because large, flaky-shaped dust aggregates formed during the first three stages were easily broken into smaller, dispersed fragments during irregular disruption that forced more particles back to the filter surface during secondary deposition. Also, a “low-pressure and long-pulse width” cleaning method improved the cleaning efficiency of the A1 ultrafine test dust from 81.4% to 95.9%.

Reduction Effects of Suspended Particulate Matters in Air by Thermal Moisture Swing Method

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagisa Onoda ◽  
Shota Ishiguchi ◽  
Osamu Nakabeppu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Suction Flow ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matters

We are studying the effects of thermal moisture swing air-cleaning method on removal of suspended particulate matter, SPM. This method continuously humidifies sample air with heating and dehumidifies it by cooling, in a channel. It was experimentally demonstrated that the thermal moisture swing method reduces SPM suspended in sample air. The experimental result showed reduction of SPM above 10 nm in particle size, and the removal ratio increased with intensifying the thermal moisture swing. The SPM removal mechanism of this method was theoretically estimated. The estimation suggests that the reasons for the SPM reduction are suction flow accompanying condensation and thermophoresis. These phenomena would transport SPM to cooling wall of the dehumidifier. Also, diffusional deposition and gravitational sedimentation would transport SPM to the wall of the channel. And, the transported particles are separated from the air with adhering on the wall. We estimated the effects of these phenomena on SPM removal using simple model and energy consumption. The estimation qualitatively agreed with the experimental result.

Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Flow Parameters Nonuniformity at the Diffuser Inlet on Characteristics of the GTE Annular Combustion Chamber

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Matveev ◽  
Ivan A. Zubrilin ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Orlov ◽  
Sergey G. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Degree Polynomial ◽  
Flow Dynamic ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Mode Of Operation

Parameters at a combustion chamber’s inlet significantly vary in an aircraft engine’s transient states of operation. At the same time, there is a significant spatial heterogeneity of flow parameters at a diffuser inlet of a combustion chamber, which is defined by nature of flow in a compressor and an individual for each mode of operation of a specific gas generator. In this paper presented a study of an influence of radial and circumferential nonuniformities of flow parameters on characteristics of a combustion chamber. Multi spray for annular combustion chamber with two rows of burner is considered. Z-shaped sector, which contains two nozzles of outer and two nozzles of inner row, was selected as the calculated domain. Calculations were carried out in ANSYS Fluent 14.5 software package with an implementation of cluster analysis. Nonuniformity at a diffuser inlet was set as fifth degree polynomial, which was derived from a numerical simulation of a compressor. As a result it was established, that radial nonuniformity of flow parameters at an inlet of a combustion chamber influences on characteristics of a combustion chamber. A stretched shape of velocity profile contributes to higher air flow dynamic pressure on dome than using uniform profile air velocity. At that, local equivalents ratio excess are changing, and consequently, sizes and location NOx production zones are changing as well. The residual rotation of flow from the compressor leads to a lesser effect on total pressure drop and air distribution in flame tube. The obtained results showed that, during a design of a combustion chamber, it is necessary to take into account nonuniformity of parameters’ distribution at its inlet.

A Study of Air-Jet Texturing Nozzles: The Effects of Nozzle Configuration on the Air Flow

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Demir
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Main Duct ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Nozzle Configuration

A thorough investigation of the existing texturing nozzles will, no doubt, lead to the design of improved nozzles. This paper reports the experimental research carried on the scaled-up versions of the T100 HemaJet with varying geometrical configurations, being the exit shape, situation, and inclination of the inlet holes, and the ratio of the incoming holes area to the nozzle’s main duct area. It has been found that the exit shape has virtually no effect on the airflow whilst other parameters contribute to the formation of the emerging jet which performs the texturing.

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