Pancreatitis in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: A five-year experience

Introduction: Pancreatitis is a rare complication of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The causative agents of HFRS are hantaviruses, which belong to the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cases of acute pancreatitis (AP) in patients with HFRS at the Service of Infectious Diseases, Tirana, Albania. Methodology: In this retrospective study, clinical and laboratory data was obtained from 36 patients with confirmed HFRS, between January 2011 and December 2016. The diagnosis had been confirmed by a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgM or IgG antibodies to hantavirus. Results: The average patient age was 39.7 ± 14.1 years with a range of 15-59 years. From 36 HFRS patients, four (11.1%) were found to have AP, all were male. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom and an increase in amylase and lipase was observed in all four patients. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) indicated pancreatitis with surrounding edema, necrosis and hemorrhage. In this study, the total mortality was 11.1% (4/36), while mortality in patients with AP was 25% (1/4). Conclusions: The results indicate that AP is a serious complication of HFRS, with a poor prognosis. Increased awareness of AP in clinicians and assessment of amylasemia or lipasemia in patients with HFRS should be considered, especially in endemic areas where a rapid diagnosis is crucial for a positive outcome.

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The Correlation Between IgM and IgG Antibodies With Blood Profile In Patients Infected With COVID 19

10.21203/rs.3.rs-572748/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Alibolandi ◽

Amirreza Ostadian ◽

Saeed Sayyah ◽

Hamed Haddad Kashani ◽

Hassan Ehteram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Virus Exposure ◽

Antibody Levels

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to determine the levels of IgM and IgG antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different disease severity.Methods: IgM and IgG antibody levels were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In total, 100 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study and viral RNA was detected by using Real-time PCR technique. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed after hospital admission for COVID-19 and two months post-admission. Results: The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgG was significantly higher in the severe patients than those in moderate and mild groups, 2 months after admission. Also, level of IgG was positively associated with increased WBC, NUT and LYM counts in sever than mild or moderate groups after admission to hospital.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that patients with severe illness might experience longer virus exposure times and have a stronger antibody response against viral infection. Thus, they have longer time immunity compared with other groups.

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Antigenic Characterization of Hantaan and Seoul Virus Nucleocapsid Proteins Expressed by Recombinant Baculovirus: Application of a Truncated Protein, Lacking an Antigenic Region Common to the Two Viruses, as a Serotyping Antigen

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.36.9.2514-2521.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 2514-2521 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Mayuko Morii ◽

Kumiko Yoshimatsu ◽

Jiro Arikawa ◽

Guizen Zhou ◽

Hiroaki Kariwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recombinant Baculovirus ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Hantaan Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Western Blot Assay ◽

Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽

Seoul Virus ◽

Antigenic Characterization ◽

Causative Agents

Hantaan virus (HTN) and Seoul virus (SEO) are members of the genusHantavirus in the family Bunyaviridae and are causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The complete and truncated nucleocapsid proteins (NP) of HTN and SEO were expressed by a recombinant baculovirus system. Antigenic characterization of the NP using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) indicated that the binding sites for the serotype-specific MAbs were located between amino acids (aa) 155 and 429. A Western blot assay indicated that the serotype-specific epitopes were conformation dependent. An indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay with the truncated NP (aa 155 to 429) was able to distinguish convalescent-phase sera from HTN and SEO patients. However, the antibody titers with the truncated NP were lower than those with the whole NP. The truncated NP of SEO (aa 155 to 429) could be used as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen, but the truncated NP from HTN lost its reactivity when used for ELISA. The IFA assay using baculovirus-expressed truncated NP as an antigen is a rapid, simple, and safe test for distinguishing between HTN and SEO infections by serotype.

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The Correlation between IgM and IgG Antibodies with Blood Profile in Patients Infected with COVID 19

10.21203/rs.3.rs-572748/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Alibolandi ◽

Amirreza Ostadian ◽

Saeed Sayyah ◽

Hamed Haddad Kashani ◽

Hassan Ehteram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Virus Exposure ◽

Antibody Levels

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Clinical and virological characteristics of hantavirus infections in a 2014 Croatian outbreak

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.7987 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek ◽

Alena Furic ◽

Ljubo Barbic ◽

Irena Tabain ◽

Vladimir Stevanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Lumbar Pain ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Clinical Form ◽

Dobrava Virus ◽

Natural Foci

Introduction: Croatia is endemic for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), with both Puumala (PUUV) and Dobrava virus (DOBV) documented. Several large outbreaks were recorded in 1995, 2002, and 2012. We analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and virological characteristics of HFRS cases detected in three geographically close natural foci (Ogulin, Slunj, and the Plitvice Lakes surroundings) during the 2014 outbreak. Methodology: From January to December 2014, 122 patients with suspected HFRS were tested for hantavirus IgM/IgG antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Cross-reactive samples were further tested using a western blot (WB). For hospitalized patients from Ogulin area, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Results: Acute infection was documented in 57 (46.7%) patients, of whom 75.4% were hospitalized. Ten (8.2%) patients were found to be IgG seropositive. Patients were 15–69 years of age and predominantly male (74.5%). The outbreak started in winter months, with most cases recorded from May to July (80.7%). The most frequently reported symptoms were fever (96.3%), chills/shivering (62.9%), and lumbar pain (48.1%). Mild clinical form was found in 66.7% patients, moderate in 18.5%, and severe in 14.8% patients (all but one infected with PUUV). One patient died. Using IFA, 48.8% patients showed monotypic antibody response, while in 51.2%, cross-reactive antibodies were found. PUUV was confirmed in 94.7% and DOBV in 5.3% HFRS cases by WB. Conclusions: Central mountainous Croatian regions are still highly endemic areas for HFRS. A higher percentage of severe PUUV infections could be at least partly associated with a patient’s immune status.

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Prevalence and clinical correlation of hepatitis E virus antibody in the patients’ serum samples from a tertiary care hospital in Thailand during 2015–2018

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-021-01616-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Atiporn Boonyai ◽

Anchalee Thongput ◽

Thidarat Sisaeng ◽

Parisut Phumchan ◽

Navin Horthongkham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Organ Transplant ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies

Abstract Background Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis caused by HEV infection are usually higher in developing countries. This study demonstrated the HEV seroprevalence and incidence of HEV infection in patients with clinical hepatitis in a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Methods A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted using 1106 serum samples from patients suspected of HEV infection sent to the Serology laboratory, Siriraj Hospital, for detecting HEV antibodies during 2015–2018. Prevalence of anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies in general patients, including organ transplant recipients and pregnant women in a hospital setting, were determined using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Comparison of laboratory data between groups with different HEV serological statuses was performed. Results HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 40.82% of 904 serum samples, while HEV IgM antibodies were detected in 11.75% of 1081 serum samples. Similar IgG and IgM antibody detection rates were found in pregnant women. Interestingly, anti-HEV IgM antibodies were detected in 38.5% of patients who underwent organ transplantation. Patients who tested positive for anti-HEV IgM antibodies had higher alanine aminotransferase levels than those who had not. In contrast, patients who tested positive for anti-HEV IgG had more elevated levels of total bilirubin than those who tested negative. Conclusions HEV seroprevalence and incidence in patients with clinical hepatitis were relatively high in the Thai population, including the pregnancy and organ transplant subgroups. The results potentially benefit the clinicians in decision-making to investigate HEV antibodies and facilitating proper management for patients.

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Serological Evidence of Filovirus Infection in Nonhuman Primates in Zambia

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13071283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1283

Author(s):

Katendi Changula ◽

Edgar Simulundu ◽

Boniface Pongombo Lombe ◽

Eri Nakayama ◽

Hiroko Miyamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonhuman Primates ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Vervet Monkeys ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Potential Risks ◽

Reston Virus

Ebolaviruses and marburgviruses are filoviruses that are known to cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs). While some bat species are suspected to be natural reservoirs of these filoviruses, wild NHPs often act as intermediate hosts for viral transmission to humans. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we screened two NHP species, wild baboons and vervet monkeys captured in Zambia, for their serum IgG antibodies specific to the envelope glycoproteins of filoviruses. From 243 samples tested, 39 NHPs (16%) were found to be seropositive either for ebolaviruses or marburgviruses with endpoint antibody titers ranging from 100 to 25,600. Interestingly, antibodies reactive to Reston virus, which is found only in Asia, were detected in both NHP species. There was a significant difference in the seropositivity for the marburgvirus antigen between the two NHP species, with baboons having a higher positive rate. These results suggest that wild NHPs in Zambia might be nonlethally exposed to these filoviruses, and this emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of filovirus infection in wild animals to better understand the ecology of filoviruses and to assess potential risks of outbreaks in humans in previously nonendemic countries.

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Safety and immunogenicity of an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift ◽

10.1007/s00508-021-01922-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter G. Kremsner ◽

Philipp Mann ◽

Arne Kroidl ◽

Isabel Leroux-Roels ◽

Christoph Schindler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Receptor Binding Domain ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Phase 1 Study ◽

S Protein ◽

Dosage Escalation

Summary Background We used the RNActive® technology platform (CureVac N.V., Tübingen, Germany) to prepare CVnCoV, a COVID-19 vaccine containing sequence-optimized mRNA coding for a stabilized form of SARS-CoV‑2 spike (S) protein encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP). Methods This is an interim analysis of a dosage escalation phase 1 study in healthy 18–60-year-old volunteers in Hannover, Munich and Tübingen, Germany, and Ghent, Belgium. After giving 2 intramuscular doses of CVnCoV or placebo 28 days apart we assessed solicited local and systemic adverse events (AE) for 7 days and unsolicited AEs for 28 days after each vaccination. Immunogenicity was measured as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV‑2 S‑protein and receptor binding domain (RBD), and SARS-CoV‑2 neutralizing titers (MN50). Results In 245 volunteers who received 2 CVnCoV vaccinations (2 μg, n = 47, 4 μg, n = 48, 6 μg, n = 46, 8 μg, n = 44, 12 μg, n = 28) or placebo (n = 32) there were no vaccine-related serious AEs. Dosage-dependent increases in frequency and severity of solicited systemic AEs, and to a lesser extent local AEs, were mainly mild or moderate and transient in duration. Dosage-dependent increases in IgG antibodies to S‑protein and RBD and MN50 were evident in all groups 2 weeks after the second dose when 100% (23/23) seroconverted to S‑protein or RBD, and 83% (19/23) seroconverted for MN50 in the 12 μg group. Responses to 12 μg were comparable to those observed in convalescent sera from known COVID-19 patients. Conclusion In this study 2 CVnCoV doses were safe, with acceptable reactogenicity and 12 μg dosages elicited levels of immune responses that overlapped those observed in convalescent sera.

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Risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in populations of children from nine cities in southern Brazil

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x14000212 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 428-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A.A. Marchioro ◽

C.M. Colli ◽

É.C. Ferreira ◽

B.M. Viol ◽

S.M. Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Parasite Control ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Positive Serology ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Epidemiological Factors

AbstractThis study investigated the epidemiological factors that contribute to the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. in children from Paraná state, Brazil. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to T. gondii were detected using indirect immunofluorescence, and IgG antibodies to Toxocara were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For each individual, a questionnaire was completed that contained epidemiological and clinical data. The data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Of the 544 children investigated, 3.2% presented co-infection with T. gondii and Toxocara spp. Of this total, 7.4% were positive for antibodies to T. gondii, and 25% were positive for antibodies to Toxocara spp. The presence of antibodies to Toxocara spp. increased the risk of T. gondii infection (P= 0.029). Children who were 1–8 years of age were less infected by T. gondii than those who were 9–12 years of age. The variables that influenced positivity for anti-Toxocara spp. were the origin of the children and contact with sand. Children with positive serology for Toxocara spp. presented more eosinophilia compared with those with non-reactive serology. Infection with both parasites reveals the need for preventive measures, such as guidance about modes of infection, parasite control and monitoring recreational areas.

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Fiber-Optic Immunosensor for Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever IgG Antibodies in Patients

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01728 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (16) ◽

pp. 8394-8398 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Fairoz Algaar ◽

Evgeni Eltzov ◽

Marina M. Vdovenko ◽

Ivan Yu. Sakharov ◽

Luka Fajs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Optic ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

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Development and Validation of 13-plex Luminex-Based Assay for Measuring Human Serum Antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharides

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.00128-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. e00128-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Danka Pavliakova ◽

Peter C. Giardina ◽

Soraya Moghazeh ◽

Shite Sebastian ◽

Maya Koster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Serum ◽

Lower Limit ◽

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Correlate Of Protection ◽

Immune Correlate ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Limit Of Quantitation

ABSTRACT A Luminex-based direct immunoassay (dLIA) platform has been developed to replace the standardized pneumococcal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay platform. The multiplex dLIA simultaneously measures the concentration of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies specific for pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PnPS) serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, and 23F. The assay uses poly-l-lysine (PLL)-conjugated PnPS, chemically coupled to spectrally distinct Luminex microspheres. Assay validation experiments were performed using residual human serum samples obtained from 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPnC) clinical studies. Assay results are expressed as IgG antibody concentrations in micrograms per milliliter using the international reference serum, 007sp. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for all serotypes covered in the 13-plex dLIA fell within the range of 0.002 to 0.038 µg/ml serum IgG. The difference between the lower limit and upper limit of the assay range was >500-fold for all serotypes, and assay variability was <20% relative standard deviation (RSD) for all serotypes. IgG antibody measurements were shown to be serotype-specific (some cross-reactivity was observed only between the structurally related serotypes 6A and 6B as well as 19A and 19F), and no interference was observed between the serotypes when the assay was performed in the 13-plex format compared to the singleplex assays. The 13-plex dLIA platform developed by Pfizer Inc. generates up to 143 test results in a single 96-well plate and is a suitable replacement of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) platform for evaluating vaccine clinical trials. IMPORTANCE The pneumococcal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measures IgG antibodies in human serum, and it is an important assay that supports licensure of pneumococcal vaccines. The immune correlate of protection, 0.35 µg/ml of IgG antibodies, was determined by the ELISA method. Pfizer has developed a new Luminex-based assay platform to replace the ELISA. These papers describe the important work of (i) validating the Luminex-based assay and (ii) bridging the immune correlate of protection (0.35 µg/ml IgG) to equivalent values reported by the Luminex platform.

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