scholarly journals Right Hemispheric Leukoencephalopathy as an Incidental Finding Following a Lightning Strike

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jera Kruja ◽  
Altin Kuqo ◽  
Serla Grabova ◽  
Arben Rroji ◽  
Gentian Vyshka
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Diffuse White Matter

BACKGROUND: Lightning injuries may produce a variety of medical conditions, and specific neurological complications have been identified, with the character of immediate aftershock effects or even long-term consequences.AIM: The authors describe the incidental finding following a routine unenhanced brain MRI performed to a young female patient, suffering from a headache.CASE REPORT: Diffuse white matter changes with the character of a leukoencephalopathy were seen, which strictly interested only the right cerebral hemisphere. The parents referred that she suffered from an indoor lightning strike at age of seven months, although she survived with almost no external burns or signs, and recovered uneventfully at that time. A discussion over the effects of electrocution and lightning strike on the human body in general, and over the nervous system, is made. Particular attention must be shown when making the differential diagnosis of leukoencephalopathies with a strictly one-hemisphere extension since several other conditions might resemble each other under the radiological aspect, here including brain viral infections, genetic disorders, and so on.CONCLUSION: The particularity of the long-term aftershock effects of the lightning strike on the central nervous system raise again the necessity of collecting data and duly reporting every electrical accident, lightning events included.

Neurological symptoms of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-296
Author(s):  
Adriana Wawer ◽  
Agnieszka Piechal
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Acute Respiratory Disease ◽  
Neurological Damage ◽  
Impaired Consciousness ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Brain

Objective. Some viral infections can have a harmful effect on the functioning of the nervous system and can even cause serious neurological damage. This work aims to review the results of studies published so far concerning neurological complications in people infected with coronaviruses, especially SARS-CoV-2, and possible mechanisms responsible for nervous system damage. Literature review. Recently, there have been reports that coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), cause acute respiratory disease, exhibit neurotropic properties and can also cause neurological symptoms. There are studies published showing that these viruses may penetrate to the brain and cerebrospinal fluid. Conclusions. Coronaviruses are still poorly understood, so it seems important to study the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the nervous system. It seems appropriate that patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be early evaluated for neurological symptoms, including headache and impaired consciousness.

scholarly journals The Other Side of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Neurological Sequelae in Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido ◽  
Sara Bachiller ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez ◽  
Luis Cruz-Hernández ◽  
Emilio Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Taste And Smell

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread around the globe causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Because it affects the respiratory system, common symptoms are cough and breathing difficulties with fever and fatigue. Also, some cases progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The acute phase of COVID-19 has been also related to nervous system symptoms, including loss of taste and smell as well as encephalitis and cerebrovascular disorders. However, it remains unclear if neurological complications are due to the direct viral infection of the nervous system, or they appear as a consequence of the immune reaction against the virus in patients who presented pre-existing deficits or had a certain detrimental immune response. Importantly, the medium and long-term consequences of the infection by SARS-CoV-2 in the nervous system remain at present unknown. This review article aims to give an overview of the current neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19, as well as attempting to provide an insight beyond the acute affectation.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection and Neurological Complications: Present Findings and Future Predictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Beghi ◽  
Valery Feigin ◽  
Valeria Caso ◽  
Paola Santalucia ◽  
Giancarlo Logroscino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immune Mediated

The present outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2, an influenza virus with neurotropic potential, presents with neurological manifestations in a large proportion of the affected individuals. Disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system are all present, while stroke, ataxia, seizures, and depressed level of consciousness are more common in severely affected patients. People with these severe complications are most likely elderly with medical comorbidities, especially hypertension and other vascular risk factors. However, postinfectious complications are also expected. Neurological disorders as sequelae of influenza viruses have been repeatedly documented in the past and include symptoms, signs, and diseases occurring during the acute phase and, not rarely, during follow-up. Postinfectious neurological complications are the result of the activation of immune mechanisms and can explain the insurgence of immune-mediated diseases, including the Guillain-Barré syndrome and other diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system that in the past occurred as complications of viral infections and occasionally with vaccines. For these reasons, the present outbreak calls for the introduction of surveillance systems to monitor changes in the frequency of several immune-mediated neurological diseases. These changes will determine a reorganization of the measures apt to describe the interaction between the virus, the environment, and the host in areas of different dimensions, from local communities to regions with several millions of inhabitants. The public health system, mainly primary care, needs to be strengthened to ensure that research and development efforts are directed toward right needs and directions. To cope with the present pandemic, better collaboration is required between international organizations along with more research funding, and tools in order to detect, treat, and prevent future epidemics.

scholarly journals Olfactory bulb - gateway for COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Jovanovic ◽  
Jelena Nikovic ◽  
Nikola Boban ◽  
Radoslav Pejin ◽  
Filip Samardzic
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
To Come

Introduction: Anosmia and ageusia are one of the most common and characteristic symptoms of SARS-Cov-2 infection, with frequency of almost 50% in patients in Western countries. There are more and more hypotheses of potential central nervous system (CNS) affection by the virus. It is supposed that virus enters via nasal mucosa, and then via cribriform plate enters olfactory bulb, with further dissemination to the CNS. Case report: A 34-year old female patient experienced loss of smell and taste in July 2020, about two months before testing Covid-19 positive. Covid-19 presented with minor pneumonia, and worsening of anosmia and ageusia. After treatment, the patient recovered well, but anosmia and ageusia appeared again, varying in intensity, and since January 2021 became persistent. The case was evaluated by otorinolaryngologist, pulmologist, and finally neurologist. In the meantime, patient was tested Covid-19 negative and received two doses of Sputnik V vaccine. Brain MRI was performed and it clearly shows severe bilateral olfactory bulb atrophy. Thre patient has anosmia and ageusia up to this day, and future MRI follow-up is planned. Conclusion: Loss of smell and taste may be a predictor of further central nervous system dissemination of the virus, and possible neurological complications (which is still a subject of consideration). Olfactory bulb could be a gateway to Covid-19 intrusion into CNS, and its atrophy could be an indicator of that. Further investigation on this topic is required, including wide application of MR imaging in order to come to definite conclusions.

scholarly journals Infection Mechanism of SARS-COV-2 and Its Implication on the Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Estefan Reza-Zaldívar ◽  
Mercedes Azucena Hernández-Sapiéns ◽  
Benito Minjarez ◽  
Ulises Gómez-Pinedo ◽  
Ana Laura Márquez-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Olfactory Pathway ◽  
Infection Mechanisms ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In late December 2019, multiple atypical pneumonia cases resulted in severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a pathogen identified as a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The most common coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms are pneumonia, fever, dry cough, and fatigue. However, some neurological complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection include confusion, cerebrovascular diseases, ataxia, hypogeusia, hyposmia, neuralgia, and seizures. Indeed, a growing literature demonstrates that neurotropism is a common feature of coronaviruses; therefore, the infection mechanisms already described in other coronaviruses may also be applicable for SARS-CoV-2. Understanding the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms in the nervous system infection and the neurological involvement is essential to assess possible long-term neurological alteration of COVID-19. Here, we provide an overview of associated literature regarding possible routes of COVID-19 neuroinvasion, such as the trans-synapse-connected route in the olfactory pathway and peripheral nerve terminals and its neurological implications in the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Seizures Related to Influenza in Pediatric Patients: A Comparison with Seizures Associated with Other Respiratory Viral Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3088
Author(s):  
Ji Yoon Han ◽  
Seung Beom Han
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Although febrile seizures are the most common neurological complications of influenza, there are few studies comparing seizure characteristics and outcomes between patients with influenza and those with other respiratory virus (RV) infections. Medical records of pediatric patients presenting with seizures accompanied by fever, in whom RV infections were identified, were retrospectively reviewed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of seizures with fever due to influenza (n = 97) to those due to other RV infections (n = 113). Patients with influenza were older than those with other RV infections (p < 0.001), and 22.7% of them were aged ≥5 years. Seizure characteristics of complex febrile seizures were observed more frequently in patients with other RV infections than in those with influenza; however, the frequency of epilepsy was comparable between the two groups. For patients with influenza, children aged <5 years and those aged ≥5 years showed similar seizure characteristics and outcomes. Further neurological evaluations should not be based solely on patient age in children with influenza who experience late-onset seizures at ≥5 years of age. Long-term sequelae should be further investigated in these patients.

Neonatal Escherichia coli Meningitis, Complications, and Neurological Outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Wèli ◽  
Fatma Charfi ◽  
Amal Elleuch ◽  
Rim Charfi ◽  
Lamia Gargouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture ◽  
Neonatal Ward

AbstractNeonatal bacterial meningitis represents a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns worldwide. It leads to immediate and long-term neurological complications. We report a case of a term newborn with an unremarkable pregnancy and delivery, who was admitted to our neonatal ward on the fifth day of life for fever. Cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive for Escherichia coli. The infant had neurological deterioration and continued fever despite adequate antibiotic therapy. Brain MRI showed multiple subdural abscesses with ventriculitis. Antibiotic therapy was maintained for 90 days with total resolution of the abscesses. The child has a normal physical examination and appropriate psychomotor development at 9 months of age.

scholarly journals Motor rehabilitation for spinal pathology

1997 ◽  
Vol XXIX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
М. E. Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Motor Rehabilitation ◽  
All Diseases

One of the urgent and difficult problems of modern vertebral neurology is the treatment of neurological complications in osteochondrosis of the spine. This pathology accounts for 70-80 cases out of 100 temporary or long-term disability among all diseases of the peripheral nervous system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document