Distribution of drug-resistant bacteria and rational use of clinical antimicrobial agents

Aim: With the increasing emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, the need for new antimicrobial agents has become extremely urgent. This work was to develop sulfonyl thiazoles as potential antibacterial agents. Results & methodology: Novel hybrids of sulfonyl thiazoles were developed from commercial acetanilide and acetylthiazole. Hybrids 6e and 6f displayed excellent inhibitory efficacy against clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (minimum inhibitory concentration = 1 μg/ml) without obvious toxicity toward normal mammalian cells (RAW 264.7). The combination uses were found to improve the antimicrobial ability. Further preliminary antibacterial mechanism experiments showed that the active molecule 6f could effectively interfere with MRSA membrane and insert into MRSA DNA. Conclusion: Compounds 6e and 6f could serve as potential DNA-targeting templates toward the development of promising antimicrobial agents.

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Selection and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Agri-food production

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-019-0623-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Guyue Cheng ◽

Jianan Ning ◽

Saeed Ahmed ◽

Junhong Huang ◽

Rizwan Ullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Food Production ◽

Food Industry ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Food Sources ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

Abstract Public unrest about the use of antimicrobial agents in farming practice is the leading cause of increasing and the emergences of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria that have placed pressure on the agri-food industry to act. The usage of antimicrobials in food and agriculture have direct or indirect effects on the development of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by bacteria associated with animals and plants which may enter the food chain through consumption of meat, fish, vegetables or some other food sources. In addition to antimicrobials, recent reports have shown that AMR is associated with tolerance to heavy metals existing naturally or used in agri-food production. Besides, biocides including disinfectants, antiseptics and preservatives which are widely used in farms and slaughter houses may also contribute in the development of AMR. Though the direct transmission of AMR from food-animals and related environment to human is still vague and debatable, the risk should not be neglected. Therefore, combined global efforts are necessary for the proper use of antimicrobials, heavy metals and biocides in agri-food production to control the development of AMR. These collective measures will preserve the effectiveness of existing antimicrobials for future generations.

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Tackling Antibiotic Resistance with Compounds of Natural Origin: A Comprehensive Review

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8100405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 405 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez ◽

Enrique Barrajón-Catalán ◽

Vicente Micol

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

New Technologies ◽

Protein Biosynthesis ◽

Natural Compounds ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Compounds ◽

Natural Antimicrobial ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

Drug-resistant bacteria pose a serious threat to human health worldwide. Current antibiotics are losing efficacy and new antimicrobial agents are urgently needed. Living organisms are an invaluable source of antimicrobial compounds. The antimicrobial activity of the most representative natural products of animal, bacterial, fungal and plant origin are reviewed in this paper. Their activity against drug-resistant bacteria, their mechanisms of action, the possible development of resistance against them, their role in current medicine and their future perspectives are discussed. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect were used to search scientific contributions until September 2020, using relevant keywords. Natural compounds of heterogeneous origins have been shown to possess antimicrobial capabilities, including against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The most commonly found mechanisms of antimicrobial action are related to protein biosynthesis and alteration of cell walls and membranes. Various natural compounds, especially phytochemicals, have shown synergistic capacity with antibiotics. There is little literature on the development of specific resistance mechanisms against natural antimicrobial compounds. New technologies such as -omics, network pharmacology and informatics have the potential to identify and characterize new natural antimicrobial compounds in the future. This knowledge may be useful for the development of future therapeutic strategies.

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Bacteriophage therapy: a potential solution for the antibiotic resistance crisis

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.3573 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (02) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 182

Author(s):

Zhabiz Golkar ◽

Omar Bagasra ◽

Donald Gene Pace

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Bacteriophage Therapy ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant ◽

History Of

The emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria has prompted interest in alternatives to conventional antimicrobials. One of the possible replacement options for antibiotics is the use of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents. Phage therapy is an important alternative to antibiotics in the current era of drug-resistant pathogens. Bacteriophages have played an important role in the expansion of molecular biology and have been used as antibacterial agents since 1966. In this review, we describe a brief history of bacteriophages and clinical studies on their use in bacterial disease prophylaxis and therapy. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bacteriophages as therapeutic agents in this regard.

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Synthesis Ruthenium complexes Functionalized with Benzothiophene and their Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/d0dt04258g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiangwen Liao ◽

lianghong liu ◽

yanhui Tan ◽

guijuan jiang ◽

haihong fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ruthenium Complexes ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

New effective antimicrobial agents with novel mode of action are urgently need due to the continued emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Here, three ruthenium complexes functionalized with benzothiophene: [Ru(phen)2(BTPIP)](ClO4)2 (Ru(II)-1), [Ru(dmp)2(BTPIP)](ClO4)2...

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Mechanistic Study of Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects between Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) Oligomer and Polyethylene Glycol

10.20944/preprints202010.0231.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ziheng Zhang ◽

Jun Li ◽

Linlin Ma ◽

Xingxing Yang ◽

Bin Fei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Mechanistic Study ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

We reported previously that poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) oligomer is an effective antimicrobial agent against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, fungi and multi-drug resistant bacteria. In this work, it was further found that polyethylene glycol (PEG) can promote the antimicrobial effect of PHB oligomer synergistically. Three hypothetic mechanisms were proposed, that is, generation of new antimicrobial components, degradation of PHB macromolecules and dissolution/dispersion of PHB oligomer by PEG. With a series of systematic experiments and characterizations of HPLC-MS, it was deducted that dissolution/dispersion of PHB oligomer dominated the synergistic antimicrobial effect between PHB oligomer and PEG. This work demonstrates a way for promoting antimicrobial effect of PHB oligomer and other antimicrobial agents through improving hydrophilicity.

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Current Mechanism of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobials

SAMRIDDHI A Journal of Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology ◽

10.18090/samriddhi.v10i01.8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 55-64

Author(s):

Sonali Gangwar ◽

Keerti Kaushik ◽

Maya Datt Joshi

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Hospital Environment ◽

Health Concern ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Pathogenic Variants ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

Serious infectious diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens that represents a serious public health concern. Antimicrobial agents are indicated for the treatment bacterial infections.Various bacteria carries several resistance genes also called multidrug resistant (MDR). Multidrug resistant organisms have emerged not only in the hospital environment but are now often identified in community settings, suggesting the reservoirs of antibiotic resistant bacteria are present outside the hospital. Drug resistant bacteria that are selected with a single drug are also frequently multi-drug resistant against multiple structurally different drugs, thus confounding the chemotherapeutic efficacy of infectious disease caused by such pathogenic variants. The molecular mechanisms by which bacteria have common resistance to antibiotics are diverse and complex. This review highlights the mechanism of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials.

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Bacteriocins: An Overview of Antimicrobial, Toxicity, and Biosafety Assessment by in vivo Models

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.630695 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Francisco Benítez-Chao ◽

Angel León-Buitimea ◽

Jordy Alexis Lerma-Escalera ◽

José Rubén Morones-Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Key Factors ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

The world is facing a significant increase in infections caused by drug-resistant infectious agents. In response, various strategies have been recently explored to treat them, including the development of bacteriocins. Bacteriocins are a group of antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, capable of controlling clinically relevant susceptible and drug-resistant bacteria. Bacteriocins have been studied to be able to modify and improve their physicochemical properties, pharmacological effects, and biosafety. This manuscript focuses on the research being developed on the biosafety of bacteriocins, which is a topic that has not been addressed extensively in previous reviews. This work discusses the studies that have tested the effect of bacteriocins against pathogens and assess their toxicity using in vivo models, including murine and other alternative animal models. Thus, this work concludes the urgency to increase and advance the in vivo models that both assess the efficacy of bacteriocins as antimicrobial agents and evaluate possible toxicity and side effects, which are key factors to determine their success as potential therapeutic agents in the fight against infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms.

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