Effect of dietary lipid levels on growth, body composition, and enzyme activities of larvae of butter catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Siluridae)

The Indian butter catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1794), is a high-value catfish that has gained immense consumer preference in South-East Asia. However, information on the nutritional requirements of this species is scanty. Hence, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of varying dietary lipid levels on growth, body composition, and activities of digestive and metabolic enzymes in larvae. Three isonitrogenous (40% crude protein) diets were formulated by supplementing fish and vegetable oil (1:1) at 4.5% (D1), 7% (D2), and 9.5% (D3) levels (containing crude lipid 5.7%, 8.0%, and 10.45%, respectively in diets D1–D3) to a fish meal- and oilcake-based formulated diet. Experimental diets were fed to butter catfish larvae (0.15 ± 0.01 g) in triplicate groups for a period of 42 days. Proximate compositions of the experimental diets, as well as fish carcass, were analyzed using standard procedures (AOAC 2005). Digestive and metabolic enzyme activities were analyzed at the completion of the experiment by standard methodology. Butter catfish larvae fed the diet D2 (8% crude lipid) resulted in the best performance in terms of weight gain (final weight 1.40 ± 0.07 g), net weight gain (1.31 ± 0.06 g), specific growth rate (5.50 ± 0.05% · day−1), and protein efficiency ratio (2.39 ± 0.17). The highest lipid deposition (2.90 ± 0.12%) in the carcass was also recorded in fish reared on diet D2. The final weight, net weight gain, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in D2 having 8% lipid. Moisture and lipid contents of the whole body were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in larvae fed diet D2. Amylase activity in fish significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with increasing dietary lipid levels. The maximum alkaline protease, pepsin, and lipase activities were noticed in the larvae fed diet D2. Progressive decrease in liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and significant increase (P < 0.05) in the activities of neoglucogenic enzymes (glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bis phosphatase) were noticed with an increase in dietary lipid levels. Significantly lower (P < 0.05) activities of LDH, ALT, and AST were recorded in the group fed diet D2. Results of the study indicated that 8% crude lipid in the diet could assure optimum growth and survival of butter catfish larvae during early development. An appraisal on growth, body composition, and digestive as well as metabolic function in the butter catfish larvae recorded in the study might provide some important information to consider application of formulated diets for the larviculture of Ompok bimaculatus.

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Effect of dietary lipid levels on growth, body composition, and enzyme activities of larvae of butter catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Siluridae)

Acta Ichthyologica Et Piscatoria ◽

10.3897/aiep.51.67079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 289-298

Author(s):

Baidya Nath Paul ◽

Debnarayan Chowdhury ◽

Arabinda Das ◽

Rathindra Nath Mandal ◽

Puja Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Crude Lipid ◽

Final Weight ◽

Ompok Bimaculatus

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Effect of dietary incorporation of fish/prawn meal on performance of Catla catla (Hamilton) during nursery phase

Indian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.21077/ijf.2017.64.1.60074-07 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Pratap Chandra Das ◽

Suhas Prakash Kamble ◽

Kartik Chandra Parida ◽

Kedar Nath Mohanta

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Catla Catla ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Groundnut Oil ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Cooking Process ◽

Final Weight ◽

Final Length

Nursery evaluation of catla spawn was carried out by feeding three iso-nitrogenous diets (35% protein in raw and cooked form) for a period of 30 days. The three test diets (treatments) in raw form were: T1 - groundnut oil cake (GOC) + rice bran (RB) + vitamin-mineral (V-M) premix; T2 - GOC+RB+fish meal (FM) + V-M premix, T3 - GOC+RB+prawn meal (PM)+V-M premix. The diet groups GT1, GT2 and GT3 respectively were same feed combinations in cooked form. Incorporation of prawn meal as animal protein source led to significantly higher final weight, final length, % weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared to diet with and without fish meal incorporation. Whereas, diet containing fish meal improved the fry growth and survival rate only when it was cooked. Cooked diet either with fish or prawn meal incorporation led to better fry growth over the respective non-cooked diets, revealing the advantage of cooking process for better nourishment in catla fry during nursery phase.

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Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition in juvenile goldfish, Carassius auratu

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.v0iof.7816 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. S. Belsare ◽

Hukam Singh Dhaker ◽

A. S. Pawase ◽

V. R> Joshi ◽

S. A. Mohite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Level ◽

Lipid Level ◽

Feed Utilization ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Whole Body ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Body Protein

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for growth, feed utilization and body composition of goldfish, Carassius auratus juveniles (1.66 ± 0.018 g). Six diets containing two protein levels (300 and 400 g/kg) and three lipid levels (40, 80 and 120 g/kg) were formulated. Fifteen fish were randomly allotted to 18 aquaria (0.6 × 0.3 × 0.45 m) and fed to apparent satiation. The results showed that weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) increased in response to higher dietary proteins with highest weight gain and SGR recorded in diet containing 400 g/kg protein with 80 g/kg lipid. Both feed intake (FI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were dependent on dietary protein and lipid level (P less than 0.05). Lipid retention (LR) was negatively correlated while hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) was positively correlated with dietary lipid levels. Whole body protein content decreased (P less than 0.05) while, lipid content increased with increasing dietary lipid at each protein level. Second-order polynomial regression also revealed diet containing 400 g/kg protein level and 80 g/kg lipid level optimal for the growth and feed utilization of juvenile goldfish, C. auratus.

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Understanding the Interaction Effects between Dietary Lipid Content and Rearing Temperature on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Fat Deposition of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 392

Author(s):

Lydia Katsika ◽

Mario Huesca Flores ◽

Yannis Kotzamanis ◽

Alicia Estevez ◽

Stavros Chatzifotis

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Weight ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Fish Group

This study was conducted to elucidate the interaction effects of temperature and dietary lipid levels (2 × 2 factorial experiment) on the growth performance, muscle, and liver composition in adult farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Two groups of fish (190 g; 60 fish per group) were distributed in 12 tanks in triplicates and kept at two different temperature regimes; one starting at 23 °C and then changed to 17 °C for 61 days, and the other starting at 17 °C and then changed to 23 °C for 39 days. Two commercial diets containing both ~44% crude protein but incorporating different dietary lipid levels, 16.5% (D16) and 20.0% (D20) (dry matter (DM)), were fed to the fish to apparent satiation; the type of diet fed to each fish group remained constant throughout the experiment. Final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate were significantly higher for the fish group held at 23 °C compared to the fish group at 17 °C (before the temperature changes), while the dietary fat content did not have any profound effect in both groups. Furthermore, the different temperature regimes did not affect muscle or liver composition, but, on the contrary, dietary lipids affected hepatosomatic, perivisceral fat, and visceral indexes. Feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate were not affected by the dietary lipid level. An interaction of temperature and dietary lipid content was observed in daily feed consumption (DFC) and final body weight (FBW).

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Nutritive value of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds soaked in wood ash extract as protein feedstuff for broiler chicken production

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i2.1123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 101-111

Author(s):

S. O. Omoikhoje ◽

J. E. Imade ◽

M. O. Odiase

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Pigeon Pea ◽

Wood Ash ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

Biochemical Indices

An eight weeks feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of feeding graded level of soaked pigeon pea meal (SPPM) in wood ash extract or solution on the growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old chicks (Anak 2000) were randomly allotted to four treatment diets (1, 2, 3 and 4) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was replicated three times with twelve birds per replicate, thus, having thirty-six chicks per treatment group. Diet 1 contained 0% SPPM in wood ash extract for 72hours as the control diet, while diets 2, 3 and 4 were formulated to contain 25, 50 and 75% inclusions of SPPM in place of soybean meal. Results showed that the average live weight, daily weight gain and feed intake as well as protein efficiency ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments at the finisher phase. Broiler chickens fed 25% SPPM based diet had a higher (P<0.05) and comparable value of live weight, weight gain and protein efficiency ratio to that recorded in the control diet at the finisher phase. The haematological and serum biochemical indices revealed that albumin and total cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. The albumin value (2.2g/dl) was highest in birds fed 50% SPPM, whereas, the cholesterol value decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of inclusion of SPPM from 0 to 75%. It therefore implies that SPPM can be partially included in broiler diets up to 25% level with optimum growth performance and without any detrimental effect on the blood profile of broiler chickens.

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Effect of processing methods on the nutritional value of Mucuna cochinchinensis to broiler chicks

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea03111 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. N. Ukachukwu ◽

F. C. Obioha

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽

Nutrient Retention ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Crude Fibre

The performance and nutrient retention of broilers fed raw (RMD), toasted (TMD), boiled (BMD), soaked and boiled (SMD) or no (NMD) Mucuna cochinchinensis seed diets at both starter and finisher phases were assessed using 400 broiler chicks. The birds were fed a common proprietary feed (Top Feed) until 2 weeks of age, followed by a treatment diet for 3 weeks of the starter period, then 5 weeks on the finisher diet. At the starter phase, RMD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liveweight, daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and encouraged poorer feed conversion ratio and higher cost per kilogram weight gain when compared with other diets. TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio. RMD also decreased (P < 0.05) retention of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and energy while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) retention of only DM, CP, and energy. At the finisher phase, RMD also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio and increased cost per kg weight gain, while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. RMD again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP, CF and energy, while TMD, as in the starter phase, again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP and energy. On a cumulative basis, RMD adversely affected (P < 0.05) all the parameters under investigation. TMD affected (P < 0.05) only the feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and cost per kg weight gain. Boiling Mucuna cochinchinensis, therefore, encourages significantly better performance of chicks, higher nutrient retention and lower cost per kg weight gain than toasting, whereas soaking before boiling does not add any advantage to boiling alone.

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Performance of fat snook juveniles reared at different temperatures

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.39766 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 39766

Author(s):

Daniel Correia ◽

Luiz Henrique Castro David ◽

Sara Mello Pinho ◽

João Costa-Filho ◽

Maurício Gustavo Coelho Emerenciano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Feeding Rates ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Final Weight ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Water Recirculation ◽

Fat Snook

We aimed at evaluating the effects of different water temperatures on the zootechnical performance of fat snook. The experiment lasted for 60 days, which was conducted in water recirculation systems, and was randomly designed with three treatments and three replicates each, corresponding to three water temperatures (25, 28 and 31°C). A total of 225 fat snook juveniles with a mean weight of 6.45 ± 0.58 g were used, which were fed daily until apparent satiety. Zootechnical parameters were assessed and feeding rates were registered for each tested temperature. Survival rates varied from 96 to 100% among treatments. Higher values of standard and total length, and weight gain were found in 28 and 31°C (p < 0.05). With regard to final weight, final biomass, feed conversion and specific growth rate, no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). Feeding rates did not differ among evaluated temperatures. The results show that the used temperatures did not negatively affect zootechnical performance of fat snook juveniles.

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