scholarly journals A novel insight into the remnants of hygrophilous forests and scrubs of the Po Plain biogeographical transition area (Northern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-69
Author(s):  
Livio Poldini ◽  
Marisa Vidali ◽  
Miris Castello ◽  
Giovanni Sburlino
Keyword(s):  
Salix Alba ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Po Plain ◽  
New Associations ◽  
High Plain ◽  
New Association ◽  
Threatened Habitats ◽  
First Time ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Insight Into

Hygrophilous forests and scrubs are ecotonal habitats providing essential ecosystem services, especially in human-modified landscapes; nevertheless, they are among the most threatened habitats worldwide. A sound knowledge of waterside woody vegetation provides a valuable basis for interventions of renaturation of waterbodies. This paper focuses on peculiar communities that occur in riparian and swamp areas of the Po Plain, a broad ecotonal area between the Mediterranean and Temperate regions. The study allowed the description of six new associations. Moreover, it provides a detailed picture of Dioscoreo communis-Populetum nigrae (Populetalia albae) and Amorpho fruticosae-Salicetum albae (Salicetalia purpureae), an overview of Salicetum triandrae (Salicetalia purpureae) at the national and European level, and an update of the alliance Dioscoreo-Ulmion minoris, which is better characterized, classified in Populetalia albae and enlarged to include five associations of elm-oak-rich forests of the Po Plain lowlands and the Karst. Dioscoreo-Ulmion includes, besides Lamio orvalae-Ulmetum minoris, also Polygonato-Quercetum roboris and three new associations: Vinco minoris-Ulmetum minoris and Salvio glutinosae-Quercetum roboris from Po Plain rivers and the karstic lakeshore Rhamno catharticae-Ulmetum minoris. The new arrangement of Dioscoreo-Ulmion results from an analysis of Po Plain elm-rich forests including stands so far attributed to the critical alliance Alnion incanae; the presence of Querco-Ulmetum minoris in Italy is discussed. Two new associations are attributed to Prunetalia spinosae: Salici eleagni-Juniperetum communis and Ulmo minoris-Paliuretum spinae-christi. Stands from the Rivers Isonzo and Tagliamento referred to Veratro nigri-Fraxinetum excelsioris and to the new association Carici albae-Fraxinetum excelsioris represent the outermost expressions of the Ostryo-Tilion ravine forests extending towards the High Plain. A Salix alba swamp forest, Galio palustris-Salicetum albae, is reported for the first time in Italy and attributed to Alnetea glutinosae.

New associations of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea in the in Southern Nechernozemie region of Russia

2014 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
A. D. Bulokhov
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Small Sites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Podzol Soils

3 new associations, distributed in the Southern Nechernozemie of Russia, are described for the first time with use of the Braun-Blanquet approach: Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris, Trifolio ar­ven­si–Rumicetum thyrsiflori. The synecological amplitudes of humidity, acidity and soil richness by mineral nitrogen of the associations are defined. Communities of ass. Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris are distributed on the flat slopes of ravines on the dry, subacidic, grey wood loamy soils moderately rich by mineral nitrogen. Communities of ass. Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris are distributed on fresh, subacidic, rather poor in mineral nitrogen grey and dark grey wood loamy soils on the fallow lands of various age within landscapes of loess plateau; on sod-podzolic loamy, sandy and subsandy soils within landscapes of fluvioglacial loamy and moraine-outwash plains. They can meet occasionally on grey wood loamy soils. Communities of the Potentilla argentea var. are distributed on grey and dark grey wood loamy soils on the fallow lands within landscapes of loess plateau. Communities of the Medicago lupulina var. are distributed on sod-podzolic loamy, sandy and subsandy subacidic, rather poor in mineral nitrogen soils on the fallow lands of various age. They may occur in the small sites on the continental meadows or along highways. Occasionally these plant communities can be found on grey wood loamy soils. Communities of ass. Trifolio arvensi–Rumicetum thyrsiflori are distributed on raised sites on gentle-wavy outwash or moraine-outwash plains on dry and moderately sour, poor by mineral nitrogen easily sandy and sandy podzol soils. For the estimation of a homotoneity of established syntaxa the index of homotoneity of H.Passarge (1979) is used. The ass. Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris is characteristic by the high homogenetic variability. Totally, association’s index of homotoneity is high — 0.52. The low index of a homotoneity is characteristic for аss. Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris — 0.35, for the Potentilla argentea var. — 0.33 and Medicago lupulina var. — 0.44. Following associations have a low index of the homotoneity: аss. Trifolio arvensi–Rumicetum thyrsiflori — 0.33, as in subass. T.a.–R.th. typicum— 0.33, and in subass. T.a.–R.th. helichrysetosum arenarii — 0.44. Such low indexes of a homotoneity are characteristic for semiruderal and serial commu­nities.

Aleksey Peshkov as an editor of Samarskaya Gazeta

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
A. S. Bik-Bulatov
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Organizational Skills ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

The article uses little known letters of M. Gorky, many of which were published for the first time in 1997, as well as findings of Samara-based experts in local history to shed light on the writer’s work as editor-in-chief of the Samarskaya Gazeta newspaper in 1895. The researcher introduces hitherto unstudied reminiscences of the journalist D. Linyov (Dalin) about this period, which reference a letter by Gorky, now lost. The paper details a newly discovered episode of Gorky’s professional biography as a journalist: it concerns his campaign against a Samara ‘she-wolf,’ the madam of a local brothel A. Neucheva. Linyov’s reminiscences turn out to be an important and interesting source, offering an insight into the daily grind of the young editor Gorky, providing new evidence of his excellent organizational skills, and describing his moral and social stance. The author presents his work in the context of a recently initiated broader discussion about the need to map out all Russian periodicals for the period until 1917, as well as all research devoted to individual publications.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Capacities of Oils Obtained from 15 Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) Cultivars in China

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Xixiang Shuai ◽  
Taotao Dai ◽  
Mingshun Chen ◽  
Ruihong Liang ◽  
Liqing Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Squalene Content ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

The planting area of macadamia in China accounted for more than one third of the world’s planted area. The lipid compositions, minor components, and antioxidant capacities of fifteen varieties of macadamia oil (MO) in China were comparatively investigated. All varieties of MO were rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, mainly including oleic acid (61.74–66.47%) and palmitoleic acid (13.22–17.63%). The main triacylglycerols of MO were first time reported, including 19.2–26.1% of triolein, 16.4–18.2% of 1-palmitoyl-2,3-dioleoyl-glycerol, and 11.9–13.7% of 1-palmitoleoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearoyl-glycerol, etc. The polyphenol, α-tocotrienol and squalene content varied among the cultivars, while Fuji (791) contained the highest polyphenols and squalene content. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated the polyphenols and squalene content positively correlated with the antioxidant capacity. This study can provide a crucial directive for the breeding of macadamia and offer an insight into industrial application of MO in China.

scholarly journals ASKAP observations of multiple rapid scintillators reveal a degrees-long plasma filament

2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (3) ◽  
pp. 3294-3311
Author(s):  
Yuanming Wang ◽  
Artem Tuntsov ◽  
Tara Murphy ◽  
Emil Lenc ◽  
Mark Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Angular Width ◽  
Scattering Medium ◽  
Central Frequency ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Plasma Filament ◽  
Kinematic Models ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACT We present the results from an Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder search for radio variables on timescales of hours. We conducted an untargeted search over a 30 deg2 field, with multiple 10-h observations separated by days to months, at a central frequency of 945 MHz. We discovered six rapid scintillators from 15-min model-subtracted images with sensitivity of $\sim\! 200\, \mu$Jy/beam; two of them are extreme intra-hour variables with modulation indices up to $\sim 40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and timescales as short as tens of minutes. Five of the variables are in a linear arrangement on the sky with angular width ∼1 arcmin and length ∼2 degrees, revealing the existence of a huge plasma filament in front of them. We derived kinematic models of this plasma from the annual modulation of the scintillation rate of our sources, and we estimated its likely physical properties: a distance of ∼4 pc and length of ∼0.1 pc. The characteristics we observe for the scattering screen are incompatible with published suggestions for the origin of intra-hour variability leading us to propose a new picture in which the underlying phenomenon is a cold tidal stream. This is the first time that multiple scintillators have been detected behind the same plasma screen, giving direct insight into the geometry of the scattering medium responsible for enhanced scintillation.

scholarly journals Rapid systemic surge of IL-33 after severe human trauma: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Sundnes ◽  
William Ottestad ◽  
Camilla Schjalm ◽  
Peter Lundbäck ◽  
Lars la Cour Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Decoy Receptor ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Alarmins are considered proximal mediators of the immune response after tissue injury. Understanding their biology could pave the way for development of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers in human disease, including multiple trauma. In this study we explored high-resolution concentration kinetics of the alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) early after human trauma. Methods Plasma samples were serially collected from 136 trauma patients immediately after hospital admission, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h thereafter, and every morning in the ICU. Levels of IL-33 and its decoy receptor sST2 were measured by immunoassays. Results We observed a rapid and transient surge of IL-33 in a subset of critically injured patients. These patients had more widespread tissue injuries and a greater degree of early coagulopathy. IL-33 half-life (t1/2) was 1.4 h (95% CI 1.2–1.6). sST2 displayed a distinctly different pattern with low initial levels but massive increase at later time points. Conclusions We describe for the first time early high-resolution IL-33 concentration kinetics in individual patients after trauma and correlate systemic IL-33 release to clinical data. These findings provide insight into a potentially important axis of danger signaling in humans.

scholarly journals Insight into the Secondary Metabolites of Geum urbanum L. and Geum rivale L. Seeds (Rosaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Marek Bunse ◽  
Peter Lorenz ◽  
Florian C. Stintzing ◽  
Dietmar R. Kammerer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Geum Urbanum ◽  
Insight Into

The present study aimed at the identification and quantitation of phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and further characteristic substances in the seeds of Geum urbanum L. and Geum rivale L. For this purpose, individual components of extracts recovered with MeOH, CH2Cl2, and by cold-pressing, respectively, were characterized by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn and GC/MS and compared with reference compounds. For both Geum species, phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and gallic acid derivatives, and triterpenes, such as saponins and their aglycones, were detected. Surprisingly, both Geum species revealed the presence of derivatives of the triterpenoid aglycons asiatic acid and madecassic acid, which were characterized for the first time in the genus Geum. Furthermore, the fatty acids of both species were characterized by GC–MS after derivatization. Both species showed a promising fatty-acid profile in terms of nutritional properties because of high proportions of unsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid were most abundant, among other compounds such as palmitic acid and stearic acid. In summary, the present study demonstrates the seeds of G. urbanum and G. rivale to be a valuable source of unsaturated fatty acids and bioactive phenolics, which might be exploited for nutritional and cosmetic products and for phytotherapeutic purposes.

The carmine dilemma: does the natural colourant preference outweigh nausea?

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (8) ◽  
pp. 1915-1928
Author(s):  
Judith Müller-Maatsch ◽  
Johannes Jasny ◽  
Katharina Henn ◽  
Claudia Gras ◽  
Reinhold Carle
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Consumer Perception ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
German Population ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Broad Cross Section ◽  
First Time ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the consumers’ perception of natural and artificial food colourants. Furthermore, attitudes towards the application of carmine, being technically important and ubiquitously used to impart red shades, are assessed and analysed. Originating from insects, carmine is considered as natural but may arouse disgust. Design/methodology/approach In total, 625 individuals were surveyed using an online, self-administered questionnaire to represent a broad cross-section of the German population. Findings Independent of their origin, the application of colourants was rejected by 57.0 per cent of the interviewees. In total, 31.8 per cent of the participants stated a neutral attitude, while only 11.2 per cent expressed a positive notion. Most respondents preferred colourants from natural sources to artificial ones. While consumers perceive natural food colourants composed of genuine plant pigments positively, 61.6 per cent of respondents disliked the application of animal-derived colourants, 24.8 per cent of them did neither reject nor like it, and only 13.6 per cent of the interviewees stated a positive attitude towards them. The findings of this paper further indicate consumers’ preference for colourants to be either artificial or plant-derived rather than carmine. Food colourants are being rejected, possibly due to misleading information and confusing labelling. Consequently, information about carmine, including its origin and production, did not increase the aversion to products that are dyed with it, but increased their acceptance. Originality/value This study outlines consumer perception and attitudes towards food colourants. For the first time, the findings of this paper report the effect of revealing information about an additive, which initially aroused disgust, and its influence on consumer perception.

scholarly journals Direct measurement of Coulomb-laser coupling

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Azoury ◽  
Michael Krüger ◽  
Barry D. Bruner ◽  
Olga Smirnova ◽  
Nirit Dudovich
Keyword(s):  
Coulomb Interaction ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Coulomb Potential ◽  
Laser Field ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe Coulomb interaction between a photoelectron and its parent ion plays an important role in a large range of light-matter interactions. In this paper we obtain a direct insight into the Coulomb interaction and resolve, for the first time, the phase accumulated by the laser-driven electron as it interacts with the Coulomb potential. Applying extreme-ultraviolet interferometry enables us to resolve this phase with attosecond precision over a large energy range. Our findings identify a strong laser-Coulomb coupling, going beyond the standard recollision picture within the strong-field framework. Transformation of the results to the time domain reveals Coulomb-induced delays of the electrons along their trajectories, which vary by tens of attoseconds with the laser field intensity.

Jan II van Coninxloo en zijn werkzaamheden voor het benedictinessenklooster van Groot-Bijgaarden bij Brussel

1998 ◽  
Vol 112 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 104-126
Author(s):  
Frank Van Der Ploeg
Keyword(s):  
Significant Part ◽  
The Veil ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between the Brussels painter Jan 11 van Coninxloo (ca. 1489-1561 or later) and the Benedictine convent of Groot-Bijgaarden. In earlier publications by J. Maquet-Tombu the link between certain members of the Van Coninxloo family and the Vorst convent have already been pointed out. A new chapter can now be added. In the archive of Groot-Bijgaarden convent are two books in which payments made by the prioresses Françoise and Catherine van Straten for the dccoration of the convent and the church are recorded. The books list a separate item for painting and polychrome work. Here, for the first time, the name Jan van Coninxloo crops up in connection with a sum paid for painting the side panels of the main altar. Van Coninxloo was also paid for painting organ doors, a vaulted ceiling and for 'rough painting'. Four triptychs by Van Coninxloo have also been preserved; they were commissions from women of noble birth who had taken the veil. The names of three of these nuns are known: Anthonine de Locquenghien, Berbel van dcr Noot and Marie Brant. The fourth was called Barbara (Berbel). In view of all this material it may be concluded that Van Coninxloo played a significant part in the decorative appearance of the convent church. He was responsible for triptychs on altars dedicated to St. Anne, St. John and St. Benedict. He also painted the smaller triptych with the Seven Sorrows of the Virgin, the panels of the high altar, doors for an organ and (part of) the ceiling decorations. The article offers a new insight into the context of a group of paintings and adds a number of works to Jan 11 van Coninxloo's oeuvre.

Profaning the Sacred: The Unorthodox Financial Activities of Catholic Clerics During the Napoleonic Period, 1796–1814

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-542
Author(s):  
Christopher Korten
Keyword(s):  
Precious Metals ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Sacred And Profane ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Times ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

This article reveals for the first time how Catholic clerics survived financially during the Napoleonic period in Italy (1796–1814). Despite the very rich, 200-year historiography on one of the Church's most critical periods, there is almost nothing on how religious clerics coped at this time. Their institutions had been despoiled by the French, often in collaboration with locals, negating traditional forms of clerical income, such as alms or rental income from non-ecclesiastical properties. This caused clerics to search out unorthodox – at times, non-canonical – ways of eking out a living, either for themselves, their religious communities or both, as such distinctions were often blurred. Masses were monetized and traded; ecclesiastical paraphernalia composed of precious metals were smelted and commodified, and relics were sold for profit. The uncovering of these controversial acts by men who in normal times were upstanding reveals the desperation of the times and provides insight into the rich discussion on determining the degrees of separation (and overlap) between the sacred and profane.

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