scholarly journals Call a spade a spade: taxonomy and distribution of Pelobates, with description of a new Balkan endemic

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 131-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Dufresnes ◽  
Ilias Strachinis ◽  
Elias Tzoras ◽  
Spartak N. Litvinchuk ◽  
Mathieu Denoël
Keyword(s):  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Spadefoot Toads ◽  
Spadefoot Toad ◽  
Molecular Assessment

The genomic era contributes to update the taxonomy of many debated terrestrial vertebrates. In an accompanying work, we provided a comprehensive molecular assessment of spadefoot toads (Pelobates) using genomic data. Our results call for taxonomic updates in this group. First, nuclear phylogenomics confirmed the species-level divergence between the Iberian P.cultripes and its Moroccan relative P.varaldii. Second, we inferred that P.fuscus and P.vespertinus, considered subspecies until recently, feature partial reproductive isolation and thus deserve a specific level. Third, we evidenced cryptic speciation and diversification among deeply diverged lineages collectively known as Pelobatessyriacus. Populations from the Near East correspond to the Eastern spadefoot toad P.syriacus sensu stricto, which is represented by two subspecies, one in the Levant (P.s.syriacus) and the other in the rest of the range (P.s.boettgeri). Populations from southeastern Europe correspond to the Balkan spadefoot toad, P.balcanicus. Based on genetic evidence, this species is also polytypic: the nominal P.b.balcanicus inhabits the Balkan Peninsula; a new subspecies P.b.chloeaessp. nov. appears endemic to the Peloponnese. In this paper, we provide an updated overview of the taxonomy and distribution of all extant Pelobates taxa and describe P.b.chloeaessp. nov.

scholarly journals Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Isolated from Nine-Banded Armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) Reveal Population Structure and Admixture in the Amazon Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bagagli ◽  
Daniel Ricardo Matute ◽  
Hans Garcia Garces ◽  
Bernardo Guerra Tenório ◽  
Adalberto Garcia Garces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Show Evidence

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease to Latin America caused by at least five species-level genotypes of Paracoccidioides, named P. lutzii, P. brasiliensis (S1a and S1b populations), P. americana, P. restrepiensis, and P. venezuelensis. In this manuscript, we report on Paracoccidioides sp. sampling efforts in armadillos from two different areas in Brazil. We sequenced the genomes of seven Paracoccidioides isolates and used phylogenomics and populations genetics for genotyping. We found that P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii are both present in the Amazon region. Additionally, we identified two Paracoccidioides isolates that seem to be the result of admixture between divergent populations within P. brasiliensis sensu stricto. Both of these isolates were recovered from armadillos in a P. lutzii endemic area in Midwestern Brazil. Additionally, two isolates from human patients also show evidence of resulting from admixture. Our results suggest that the populations of P. brasiliensis sensu stricto exchange genes in nature. More generally, they suggest that population structure and admixture within species is an important source of variation for pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals The genusXanthogrammaSchiner, 1861 (Diptera: Syrphidae) in southeastern Europe, with descriptions of two new species

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Nedeljković ◽  
Antonio Ricarte ◽  
Ljiljana Šašić Zorić ◽  
Mihajla Đan ◽  
Dragana Obreht Vidaković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Species Concepts ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
European Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Two New Species

AbstractExamination of 122 specimens ofXanthogrammaSchiner, 1861 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from varied localities in Europe (+Turkey) resulted in the description of two new species (X. aeginaeRicarte, Nedeljković, and Vujićnew speciesandX. pilosumNedeljković, Ricarte, and Vujićnew species), as well as new data on six other species. Most of the examined material originated from the Balkan Peninsula and Greek islands. New species concepts were supported by morphological and molecular evidence. Relationships among the eight studied species were analysed and discussed based on the data of nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial (COI) genes sequences. An identification key to the European species ofXanthogrammais provided. Lectotypes are designated forDoros decoratumZetterstedt, 1843,Lasiophthicus novusRondani, 1857,Syrphus laetusFabricius, 1794,Syrphus ornatusMeigen, 1822, andXanthogramma nobilitatumFrey, 1946.

Biometric Analysis of Nummulites PachoiSaid, 1951 (topotype, Late Lutetian) from El Arag Oasis, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abd El Naby ◽  
Orabi Orabi ◽  
Safia Al Menoufy ◽  
Mohamed Gadallah
Keyword(s):  
Species Level ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Biometric Analysis ◽  
First Time

Abstract Nummulites pachoi Said, 1951 is described and illustrated for the first time from topotypic material from the Late Lutetian Mokattam Formation of El Arag Oasis, Egypt, including the first photographs of both microspheric and megalospheric generations. Nummulites pachoi spans the SBZ 16 of Late Lutetian age. This species is phylogenetically parallel to N. praelyelliBoukhary & Kamal, 2003. Although, N. pachoi and N. praelyelli exhibit the same ontogenetic trend, from tight to lax, the development of granulation in the megalospheric form of N. pachoi is a progressive character through time, unlike that in N. praelyelli. Nummulites pachoi is larger, flatter and with an opposite ontogenetic trend compared with Nummulites gizehensis, although both have similar protoconch diameters. The author who first recognized the name “pachoi” as a species-level designation should be given credit for naming the species. Because Said (1951) raised the rank of de la Harpe's race pachoi to specific level, according to the rules of zoological nomenclature, Said should be recognized as the author of the species.

Redescriptions of three Milnesium Doyère, 1840 taxa (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae), including the nominal species for the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3154 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ŁUKASZ MICHALCZYK ◽  
WERONIKA WEŁNICZ ◽  
MARCUS FROHME ◽  
ŁUKASZ KACZMAREK
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
World Distribution

In this paper we redescribe two species (Milnesium eurystomum Maucci, 1991 and Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840) and one subspecies (Milnesium tardigradum granulatum Ramazzotti, 1962), which we elevate to the species level. We establish a new type series for M. tardigradum sensu stricto along with the sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the internal transcribed spacer 2 region (ITS2). Moreover, we define two species groups within the genus based on the appearance of the dorso-lateral cuticle (the tardigradum and the granulatum group, with smooth and reticulated cuticle, respectively) and propose a system for denotation of the number of points on secondary branches of claws in the genus. We also provide a diagnostic key to all described Milnesium species and discuss the world distribution of the genus.

Multi-centric evaluation of the online MSI platform for the identification of cryptic and rare species of Aspergillus by MALDI-TOF

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 962-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Imbert ◽  
Anne Cécile Normand ◽  
Frédéric Gabriel ◽  
Sophie Cassaing ◽  
Christine Bonnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Identification ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Level Identification ◽  
Section Level

Abstract The taxonomy of Aspergillus species has recently been revolutionized with the introduction of cryptic species and section concepts. However, their species-level identification in routine laboratories remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the identification accuracy of cryptic species of Aspergillus in various laboratories using the mass spectrometry identification (MSI) platform, an independent and freely accessible online mass spectrometry database. Over a 12-month period, when a select set of MSI users identified cryptic species, they were contacted and requested to send the isolates to our laboratory for sequence-based identification. Sequence and MSI identification results were then compared. During the study period, 5108 Aspergillus isolates were identified using MSI including 1477 (28.9%) cryptic species. A total of 245 isolates that corresponded to 56 cryptic species and 13 sections were randomly selected for DNA sequencing confirmation. Agreement between the two methods was 99.6% at the section level and 66.1% at the species level. However, almost all discrepancies (72/83, 86.7%) were misidentifications between closely related cryptic species belonging to the same section. Fifty-one isolates from noncryptic species were also identified, thus yielding 100% and 92.2% agreement at the section and species level, respectively. Although the MSI fungus database is a reliable tool to identify Aspergillus at the section level, the database still requires adjustment to correctly identify rare or cryptic species at the species level. Nevertheless, the application properly differentiated between cryptic and sensu stricto species in the same section, thus alerting on possible specific isolate characteristics.

Generic concepts in the Platycrinitidae Austin and Austin, 1842 (class Crinoidea)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
William I. Ausich ◽  
Thomas W. Kammer
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Platycrinitesis traditionally one of the more recognizable crinoids, a camerate crinoid with very few if any fixed brachials or interradials and a helically twisted column. Accordingly, many taxa have been assigned to this genus. With a better understanding of the Platycrinitidae, these characters actually unite the family Platycrinitidae rather than the genus. Further, use of different genus-diagnostic characters in Western Europe versus North America has resulted in a confused systematics for this important late Paleozoic family. Here, we objectively define genera within the Platycrinitidae and assign all species to either newly defined or newly named genera. A phylogenetic hypothesis, incorporating both parsimony-based character analysis and stratigraphic ranges, of the genera within the Platycrinitidae is presented.With consideration of the type species,Platycrinites laevisMiller, 1821,Platycrinitessensu stricto is distinguished fromPlatycrinitessensu lato, which is used for species that cannot be assigned with confidence to any objectively defined genus. New genera areArtaocrinusn. gen.,Collicrinusn. gen.,Elegantocrinusn. gen., andLaticrinusn. gen.; andExsulacrinusBowsher and Strimple, 1986 is designated a junior synonym ofPlatycrinitess.s.Collicrinus shumardin. gen. and sp.,Laticrinus owenin. gen. and sp., andLaticrinus wachsmuthin. gen. and sp. are described; andPlatycrinites formosus approximatus(Miller and Gurley, 1896a) is designated a junior synonym ofPlatycrinites formosus(Miller and Gurley, 1895a), which is reassigned here toCollicrinusn. gen.Platycrinitess.s. now includes 14 species and species-level taxa, and 76 species are assigned toPlatycrinitess.l. Ten species are designated nomina dubia, as are taxa based solely on columnals or pluricolumnals. Two species are designated nomina nuda, and two are transferred to genera outside of the Platycrinitidae. In addition, twenty-seven species and four open-nomenclature taxa are each reassigned to a different genus.

Edraianthus stankovicii (Campanulaceae), an overlooked taxon from the Balkan Peninsula—Evidence from morphometric, molecular and genome size studies

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
DMITAR LAKUŠIĆ ◽  
SAŠA STEFANOVIĆ ◽  
SONIA SILJAK-YAKOVLEV ◽  
TAMARA RAKIĆ ◽  
NEVENA KUZMANOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Species Level ◽  
F Region ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
External Transcribed Spacer

The taxonomically intricate Edraianthus dalmaticus-serbicus group within E. tenuifolius-complex in the Balkan Peninsula is reviewed using morphological, molecular and genome size data based on extensive sampling of populations across the species’ range. The phylogenetic analyses based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs), plastid DNA (trnL-F region and rbcL-atpB spacer) and nuclear ribosomal external transcribed spacer (nrETS) sequences confirmed the monophyly of E. serbicus as traditionally defined but have also revealed the presence of two distinct and allopatrically distributed taxa. The genome size and morphological analyses, performed on the same widespread sample of populations, largely corresponded with molecular results, allowing us to raise the overlooked taxon E. serbicus subsp. stankovici, to the species level. The names Edraianthus serbicus and E. serbicus subsp. stankovicii (≡ E. stankovicii) are typified. Furthermore, a new differential diagnosis, description and illustration of E. stankovicii are provided, as well as its conservation status is assessed. Edraianthus stankovicii is a rare and critically endangered stenoendemic taxon, with the distribution limited only to Mts. Veliki Krš and Stol in NE Serbia.

Revision of the genus Haplomesus (Isopoda:Asellota:Ischnomesidae) with erection of four new genera

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona A. Kavanagh ◽  
George D. F. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Identification Of Species

This paper presents a revision of Haplomesus Richardson, 1908 (Ischnomesidae). Poor character definition, ineffective diagnosis of the genus and inadequate or poor descriptions and illustrations have resulted in difficulties in identification of species and generic membership. This study is based on type material and descriptions in the literature and encompasses 28 species. Four new genera are created, justified by a phylogenetic analysis of 37 ingroup taxa and two outgroup taxa. Three species of the ingroup were excluded owing to missing data. Four species are retained in Haplomesus sensu stricto, two species are removed to Cornuamesus, gen. nov., 11 species are removed to Fortimesus, gen. nov. and 12 species are removed to Gracilimesus, gen. nov. One species, Haplomesus franklinae Merrin & Poore, 2003 is removed from the group and placed in Contrarimesus, gen. nov. with another species, Ischnomesus curtispinis Brandt, 1992. The species level is conferred on Haplomesus insignis orientalis Birstein, 1960. Haplomesus quadrispinosus sensu Brandt (1992) is removed from H. quadrispinosus (Sars, 1879) and Haplomesus ?gorbunovi sensu Svavarsson (1984) is removed from Gracilimesus gorbunovi (Gurjanova, 1946).

A review of Sedum section Gormania (Crassulaceae) in western North America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 368 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. ZIKA ◽  
BARBARA L. WILSON ◽  
RICHARD E. BRAINERD ◽  
NICK OTTING ◽  
STEVEN DARINGTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Field Work ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Floral Characters

Sedum section Gormania was restricted to Oregon, Nevada and California in the western United States. After extensive field work from 2011 to 2016, we revised 17 members of the group using floral and vegetative characters, resulting in the acceptance of four new taxa in California. A serpentine endemic from the mountains of western Tehama County was recognized as S. rubiginosum. It was separated from S. kiersteadiae by its dense rosettes, overlapping stem leaves and non-apiculate corolla. A serpentine endemic from low elevation canyons in Del Norte County was described as S. patens. It was distinguished from S. laxum by its white spreading petals and yellow anthers. A plant of high elevation, serpentine and non-serpentine sites in Siskiyou County was circumscribed as S. marmorense; it differed from S. oregonense in its sepals and inflorescence with a thick granular waxy deposit, and leaves in dense rosettes. Sedum paradisum was segregated from S. obtusatum, raised to species level, and divided into two subspecies. Plants of the northern Sierra Nevada were newly defined as S. paradisum subsp. subroseum, separable with nodding young flowering shoots and a disjunct range in Butte, Plumas and Sierra counties. Sedum flavidum and Sedum eastwoodiae were removed from S. laxum sensu stricto, and raised to species rank, based on floral characters. We clarified the concept of S. obtusatum subsp. retusum, and restored it to the rank of species as S. sanhedrinum; it was restricted to Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, and Tehama counties, California. Sedum flavidum and S. oregonense as defined here showed more morphological variation than previously understood. Finally, we remarked on hybridization and cleistogamy observed in the field.

scholarly journals Contribution to chromosome numbers and phylogeny of Turkish Vincetoxicum Wolf (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seher Güven ◽  
Serdar Makbul ◽  
Kamil Coşkunçelebì
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
As Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

We report chromosome counts for ten taxa of Vincetoxicum sensu stricto (s. str.) (Apocynaceae) from Turkey (of which two are endemic), including the first chromosome counts for V. canescens subsp. pedunculata, V. funebre, V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri, V. parviflorum and V. tmoleum. Two taxa of V. fuscatum proved to be tetraploid (2n=44) and the remaining eight taxa diploid (2n=22). Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nrDNA (ITS) and cpDNA (trnT-trnL) (including 31 newly generated sequences) confirm the position of the Turkish Vincetoxicum in the Vincetoxicum s. str. clade. Vincetoxicum fuscatum, V. parviflorum, V. speciosum, as well as the Turkish endemic V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri, were clearly resolved as species-level clades, whereas the delimitation of the rest of the Turkish taxa was less clear based on molecular data.

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