scholarly journals From Chess to StarCraft. A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Games and Videogames

Comunicar ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (38) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Óliver Pérez-Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Cultura Popular ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

From their historical origins games have provided us with dramatic models of the fundamental activities of humankind, such as sowing and harvesting (mancala games), war (chess) and construction (puzzles). However, games based on the same activity change significantly depending on the place and time they belong to, and therefore a comparative analysis between traditional games and videogames can give us a valuable and novel insight into the popular culture of our times. What are the main distinctive features used to represent war in military strategy videogames compared to those used in chess? What are the main differences between the most popular videoludic metaphors of construction and traditional puzzles? The aim of this article is to explore questions like these by making a comparative analysis of the underlying meanings of traditional games and popular videogames. The theoretical and methodological framework is based on game history, game design theory and theory of videogame meaning. The findings reveal elements that shed light on the nuances of meaning that distinguish traditional games from popular videogames of the same genre, and show that the analysis model conceived for this study could be of interest for further research. Finally, we reflect on the relationship between the underlying meanings of the videogames analyzed and certain distinctive aspects of contemporary culture. Desde su origen histórico, los juegos han planteado dramatizaciones sobre actividades fundamentales para la humanidad, como la siembra y recolección agrícola (juegos de mancala), la guerra (ajedrez) o la construcción (puzzles), pero los juegos más populares sobre un mismo tipo de actividad varían de forma significativa en función del lugar y la época a la que pertenecen. En este sentido, el análisis comparado entre juegos tradicionales y videojuegos puede aportarnos una mirada particular y valiosa para profundizar en nuestra comprensión sobre la cultura popular de nuestro tiempo. ¿Qué rasgos distintivos presenta en los videojuegos de estrategia la dramatización de la guerra, en comparación con el ajedrez?, ¿qué distingue a las principales metáforas videolúdicas sobre la actividad de construcción de los puzzles tradicionales?... El objetivo de este artículo es abordar este tipo de cuestiones, a través de un análisis comparativo de la significación de juegos tradicionales y videojuegos populares. Los fundamentos teórico/metodológicos del trabajo se encuentran en la Historia del Juego, la Teoría del Diseño de Juegos y la Teoría de la Significación del Videojuego. Los resultados revelan elementos distintivos significativos entre los juegos tradicionales y algunos de los videojuegos más populares, y permiten verificar el interés de un modelo de análisis concebido para este estudio. Finalmente, en las conclusiones se reflexiona sobre la relación entre la significación de los videojuegos analizados y aspectos distintivos de la cultura contemporánea.

scholarly journals An Ecological Discourse Analysis to the Chinese Slogans during the Major Economic Stages since the Foundation of PRC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dali Ning
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Policy Language ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Ecological Philosophy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Civic Practice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Slogan has a sound mass base in China for thousands of years，functioning as guidelines for civic practice. Even today, Chinese slogans are often employed by the government to promote policies and socio-cultural values. This paper, adopting an ecolinguistic approach, explores the development of Chinese slogans during the four economic stages since the foundation of PRC (People’s Republic of China) to find out how slogans influence the relationship between men, and man and the ecosystem. It is discovered that Chinese slogans in the recent decades have experienced great changes in terms of discourse type, the beneficial degree of discourse and the ecosophy they carry. They changed gradually from destructive discourse to harmonious discourse and they reflect the transition of Chinese ecological philosophy—from ‘anthropocentrism’, ‘growthism’, and ‘classism’ to ‘harmonism’. It is hoped that this study can shed light on the eco-discourse analysis to policy language and will bring insight into its future creation.

scholarly journals So Near, So Far: Emmanuel Levinas and Vladimir Jankélévitch

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Joëlle Hansel
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
Jewish Thought ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of my article is to shed light on the relationship of proximity and distance that linked two major figures of 20th-century French philosophy: Emmanuel Levinas and Vladimir Jankélévitch. This article presents a comparative study of their respective views on Metaphysics and Ethics. It also deals with their contribution to the reflection on the fact of “Being Jewish”, the theme that was at the center of the preoccupations of these two artisans of the renewal of Jewish thought in France after the Shoah. I conduct a comparative analysis between the key concepts of their philosophy: Levinas’ “There is” and “Otherness” and Jankélévitch’s “I-know-not-what” and “Ipseity”. I point out the difference between Levinas’ ethics of Otherness and Jankélévitch’s morality of paradox. In the section on “Being Jewish”, I highlight the crucial distinction they both made between racism and anti-Semitism and the very different meaning they gave to it.

Citizen Science

2010 ◽  
pp. 289-305
Author(s):  
Matt Gaydos ◽  
Kurt Squire
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Design Process ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Civic Science ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

In order to adapt to the educational demands of an increasingly digitized and globalized society, reformers have pointed toward games and their communities as potential models for what 21st-century educational systems might look like. As educational game research develops as a field, the need for design frameworks that leverage contemporary perspectives on education, learning, and established commercial game design techniques grows. In this chapter, the authors briefly describe current educational demands that highlight a shift away from content-focused curriculum and outline the design process used to make the game Citizen Science, a game to teach civic science literacy. By providing insight into the process of design, the authors hope to illuminate the relationship between theory and its enactment.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Elderly: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana He ◽  
Yuelin Zhang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Shun Zhang ◽  
Honghua Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

With the advent of population aging, aging-related diseases have become a challenge for governments worldwide. Sarcopenia has defined as a clinical syndrome associated with age-related loss such as skeletal muscle mass, strength, function, and physical performance. It is commonly seen in elderly patients with chronic diseases. Changes in lean mass are common critical determinants in the pathophysiology and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Sarcopenia may be one of the most important causes of poor physical function and decreased cardiopulmonary function in elderly patients with CVDs. Sarcopenia may induce CVDs through common pathogenic pathways such as malnutrition, physical inactivity, insulin resistance, inflammation; these mechanisms interact. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and CVDs in the elderly. Further research is urgently needed to understand better the relationship, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and mechanisms of sarcopenia and CVDs, which may shed light on potential interventions to improve clinical outcomes and provide greater insight into the disorders above.

scholarly journals An Ecological Discourse Analysis to the Chinese Slogans during the Major Economic Stages since the Foundation of PRC

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dali Ning ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Policy Language ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Ecological Philosophy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Civic Practice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Slogan has a sound mass base in China for thousands of years，functioning as guidelines for civic practice. Even today, Chinese slogans are often employed by the government to promote policies and socio-cultural values. This paper, adopting an ecolinguistic approach, explores the development of Chinese slogans during the four economic stages since the foundation of PRC (People’s Republic of China) to find out how slogans influence the relationship between men, and man and the ecosystem. It is discovered that Chinese slogans in the recent decades have experienced great changes in terms of discourse type, the beneficial degree of discourse and the ecosophy they carry. They changed gradually from destructive discourse to harmonious discourse and they reflect the transition of Chinese ecological philosophy—from ‘anthropocentrism’, ‘growthism’, and ‘classism’ to ‘harmonism’. It is hoped that this study can shed light on the eco-discourse analysis to policy language and will bring insight into its future creation.

scholarly journals Psovka i smijeh

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-129
Author(s):  
Ivana Mikulić
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Inanimate Matter ◽  
Speech Genre ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The paper examines the relationship between two marginal phenomena in the Croatian literatury studies, swearing and laughter. Swearing is a speech genre determined by the obscene and vulgar expressions associated with sex organs or anal bodily area contextualized in the so-called negative values of contemporary culture. On the other hand, laughter is the main point of the comedy that is lower positioned and very often neglected in the hierarchy of genres. However, swearing in Bakhtin’s concept of grotesque realism is an affirmative and positive phenomenon that has contributed to the creation of a free carnival atmosphere and other, material bodily, ridiculous aspect of the world. For a long time Croatian comedies of the second half of the 17th century (smješnice) were on the verge of literary history studies. In this paper we are primarily interested in smješnice because they belong to the carnival type of ceremonial-representational forms of the culture of folk humor, with swearing as its integral part. The study analyses swearing in smješnice considering the type (swear words referring to sex and sexuality, insult), the direction of swearing (speaker, listener, third person, inanimate matter, animals) and the domain from which metaphorically-insulting words are taken (body parts, animals, ethnic groups, confessions, inanimate matter, human qualities…). Thus, different types of swear words provide an insight into the literary representation of everyday life in premodern Dubrovnik.

scholarly journals Using Wittgenstein’s philosophy to erase conceptual misconceptions in dance practice. A fourfold approach = Usar la filosofía de Wittgenstein para borrar los conceptos erróneos en la práctica de la danza. Un enfoque cuádruple

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Carla Carmona Escalera
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Dance Performance ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract: A fourfold use of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy in order to tackle fundamental conceptual misconceptions in the domain of dance practice is proposed: the extension to dance of the insights of his remarks on other arts, the application to dance instructions of his method of examination of the use of language, the extension to dance of the insights of his remarks on aesthetics, and the use of some of the fundamental concepts of his later philosophy, such as “aspect-seeing”, or “form of life”.In the first section, Wittgenstein’s paragraphs on Shakespeare are used in order to clarify the nature of representation, his remarks on archi tecture are used to shed light on the gestural carácter of a dance movement and to differentiate dance movement from mere bodily movement, and his remarks on music are used in order to elucidate the relationship between a movement and its so-called meaning. In the second section, an analysis looks at how language is used in the dance studio to tackle the problem of affectation in dance practice, and to propose measures to overcome this tendency, such as awareness of the use of the mirror in the studio. In the third section, Wittgenstein’s understanding of aesthetic satisfaction as something that clicks is understood as a tool to fight dualistic tendencies in dance practice. The fourth section discusses how insight into Wittgenstein’s concepts of “aspect- seeing” and “form of life” can contribute to superseding affectation. In dance, aspect seeing involves directing one’s gaze back to the movement in question. Instead of blaming the incorrect execution of a movement on a lack of dramatic skill on the part of the dancer, an approach that reinforces the idea of dance performance as a dualistic process, it can be attributed to aspect blindness, allowing for the redirection of the dancer’s attention to the movement. In this regard, it is proposed that dancers be helped to appreciate that a movement is charged with the atmosphere of a whole form of life. By understanding this relationship, it should become clear for dancers that expressivity is something that depends neither on their mental state nor on their ability to transfer the latter to the movement in question.Key words: aesthetics, aspect-seeing, dance, dance instruction, form of life, mind-body dualism, Wittgenstein.Resumen: Propongo un uso cuádruple de la filosofía madura de Wittgenstein con vistas a abordar confusiones conceptuales fundamentales en el ámbito de la práctica de la danza: extender a la danza aquellas de sus observaciones perspicaces sobre otras artes que sean relevantes, aplicar a las instrucciones de danza su análisis del uso del lenguaje, extender a la danza sus observaciones sobre la estética y usar en el contexto de la danza algunos de los conceptos fundamentales de su filosofía madura, tales como el de «ver aspectos» o el de «forma de vida».En la primera sección, se usan los parágrafos sobre Shakespeare de Wittgenstein para clarificar la naturaleza de la representación, sus observaciones sobre arquitectura para arrojar luz sobre el carácter gestual del movimiento de danza y para diferenciar un movimiento de danza de un simple movimiento corporal. Asimismo, sus observaciones sobre música se usan con el fin de dilucidar la relación entre un movimiento y su presunto significado. En la segunda sección, analizo cómo se usa el lenguaje en el estudio de danza con vistas a afrontar el problema de la afectación en la práctica de la danza y propongo una serie de medidas con el propósito de superar esta tendencia, como, por ejemplo, tomar conciencia del uso del espejo en el estudio de danza. En la tercera sección, la comprensión de Wittgenstein de la satisfacción estética como algo que hace click se propone como herramienta para encarar las tendencias dualistas en la práctica de la danza. La cuarta sección enfoca cómo la familiaridad con los conceptos de Wittgenstein de «ver aspectos» y «forma de vida» puede contribuir a superar la afectación. En la danza, ver aspectos supone reencauzar la mirada, enfocando de nuevo el movimiento en cuestión. En lugar de echar la culpa de una ejecución incorrecta de un movimiento a una falta de talento dramático por parte del bailarín, idea que refuerza la imagen de la representación de danza como un proceso dualista, se podría atribuir a la ceguera para los aspectos, y así reorientar la atención del bailarín al movimiento. De igual modo, se propone que los bailarines deberían ser llevados a apreciar que un movimiento ha de participar de la atmósfera de toda una forma de vida. Tras comprender esta relación, para el bailarín debería resultar evidente que la expresividad no es algo que dependa de su estado mental, ni de su habilidad para transferir ese estado mental al movimiento en cuestión.Palabras clave: estética, danza, instrucción de danza, forma de vida, dualismo mente-cuerpo, ver aspectos, Wittgenstein.

Non-isodiametric growth and confinement effect in the mineralisation of witherite

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
Kangxin Li ◽  
Xun Liu ◽  
Rong Guo ◽  
Chao Wu ◽  
Bihui Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Confinement Effect ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Mixed Protein

AbstractWitherite originates from the biochemical sedimentation of barium in sea water. Due to the complexity of the metallogenic environment, witherite appears in many morphologies. However, the relationship between its diverse morphologies and its mineralisation environment is not well understood. In this paper, Ca2+, a common substitute for Ba2+, and mixed protein (egg white) were used to simulate the inorganic and organic environments of witherite mineralisation, respectively. Comparison of samples prepared under different conditions showed that Ca2+ and egg white have relatively independent regulatory effects on the mineralisation of witherite particles. Egg white primarily limits the growth of the nanocrystals, while Ca2+ directs their non-isodiametric growth. Results shows that Ca2+ is distributed along a gradient in nanocrystalline witherite particles, with the Ca2+ content being proportional to the diameter of the nanocrystals. The results of this study shed light on the different roles of organic matter and inorganic ions in the formation of witherite and offer insight into the genesis of its various morphologies.

Negative affect as a mediator of the relationship between emotional intelligence and uncivil workplace behaviour among managers

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Natasha Loi ◽  
Carey Golledge ◽  
Nicola Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

PurposeTo improve understanding of uncivil workplace behaviour, the present study sought to examine the relationships between emotional intelligence, positive affect, negative affect and perpetration of uncivil behaviour in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachEmail, workplace networks and social media were used to recruit 113 managers who completed an anonymous online self-report survey of measures relating to emotional intelligence, positive and negative affect and engaging in uncivil workplace behaviour.FindingsResults showed that greater emotional intelligence was significantly associated with higher positive affect and less negative affect as well as less likelihood of engaging in uncivil behaviour. Higher levels of negative affect were associated with engaging in uncivil behaviour. Analyses indicated that the relationship between lower emotional intelligence and engaging in uncivil workplace behaviour was mediated by negative affect only. The findings support the importance of emotional intelligence and affect in workplace functioning and shed light on possible precursors of the destructive behaviours that comprise workplace incivility.Originality/valueThese findings contribute insight into uncivil workplace behaviour and provide a foundation for examining the contribution of all stakeholders including victims and perpetrators as well as implications for management and organisational practices.

Spontaneous Thought, Insight, and Control in Lucid Dreams

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Windt ◽  
Ursula Voss
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Lucid Dreaming ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Dream Imagery ◽  
Spontaneous Thought ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Dreams are sometimes described as an intensified form of spontaneous waking thought. Lucid dreams may seem to be a counterexample, because metacognitive insight into the fact that one is now dreaming is often associated with the ability to deliberately control the ongoing dream. This chapter uses conceptual considerations and empirical research findings to argue that lucid dreaming is in fact a promising and rich target for the future investigation of spontaneous thought. In particular, the investigation of dream lucidity can shed light on the relationship between metacognitive insight and control, on the one hand, and the spontaneous, largely imagistic cognitive processes that underlie the formation of dream imagery, on the other hand. In some cases, even lucid insight itself can be described as the outcome of spontaneous processes, rather than as resulting from conscious and deliberate reasoning. This raises new questions about the relationship between metacognitive awareness and spontaneous thought.

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