The Medical Effects of Edible Mushroom Extract on Aflatoxin B1

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.A. Nogaim ◽  
H.A.S. Amra ◽  
S.A. Nada
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mushroom Extract

scholarly journals Removal of Aflatoxin B1 by Edible Mushroom-Forming Fungi and Its Mechanism

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Min-Jung Choo ◽  
Sung-Yong Hong ◽  
Soo-Hyun Chung ◽  
Ae-Son Om
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cell Debris ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Cell Lysates ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Aflatoxins (AFs) are biologically active toxic metabolites, which are produced by certain toxigenic Aspergillus sp. on agricultural crops. In this study, five edible mushroom-forming fungi were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) for their ability to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens known. Bjerkandera adusta and Auricularia auricular-judae showed the most significant AFB1 removal activities (96.3% and 100%, respectively) among five strains after 14-day incubation. The cell lysate from B. adusta exhibited higher AFB1 removal activity (35%) than the cell-free supernatant (13%) after 1-day incubation and the highest removal activity (80%) after 5-day incubation at 40 °C. In addition, AFB1 analyses using whole cells, cell lysates, and cell debris from B. adusta showed that cell debris had the highest AFB1 removal activity at 5th day (95%). Moreover, exopolysaccharides from B. adusta showed an increasing trend (24–48%) similar to whole cells and cell lysates after 5- day incubation. Our results strongly suggest that AFB1 removal activity by whole cells was mainly due to AFB1 binding onto cell debris during early incubation and partly due to binding onto cell lysates along with exopolysaccharides after saturation of AFB1 binding process onto cell wall components.

Hydrothermal green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) extract: physico-chemical characteristics and antifungal activity studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Eskandari-Nojedehi ◽  
Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri ◽  
Javad Rahbar-Shahrouzi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Mushroom Extract ◽  
Synthesis Parameters

AbstractEdible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) extract was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through hydrothermal process (at a pressure of 15 psi and a temperature of 121°C for 15 min). Response surface methodology was applied to monitor the influence of the synthesis parameters, namely: the mushroom extract concentration (1–9 gr DP/100 ml distilled water) and the amount of HAuCL4·3H2O solution (8–12 ml) on the particle size and concentration of fabricated AuNPs. The obtained results demonstrated that while the main and quadratic terms of the synthesis parameters had significant (p<0.05) effects on the response variables, their interactions had insignificant effect on them. The results indicated that spherical synthesized AuNPs using 10 ml of HAuCl4·3H2O solution (1 mm) and 1 ml of mushroom extract with concentration of 5 gr DP/100 ml had mean particle size (25 nm) and maximum concentration (534 ppm) and stability (zeta potential of –45.8 mV). The results revealed that mushroom extract could act as both reducing and stabilizing agents due to its bioactive compounds. Fourier-transform infrared analysis showed that polyols and carbonyl groups in mushroom extract had strong effects on formation of stable AuNPs. The fabricated AuNPs exhibited high antifungal activity againstAspergillus flavusas compared to theAspergillus terreus.

scholarly journals ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS GROWTH

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edneia A. de Souza Paccola ◽  
Cristina Sayuri Maki ◽  
Gisele M.A. de Nobrega ◽  
Luzia Doretto Paccola-Meirelles
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Mushroom Extract

scholarly journals Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 by a Sustainable Enzymatic Extract from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Pleurotus eryngii

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Branà ◽  
Lucrezia Sergio ◽  
Miriam Haidukowski ◽  
Antonio F. Logrieco ◽  
Claudio Altomare
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Enzymatic Extract ◽  
Mn Peroxidase

Ligninolytic enzymes from white-rot fungi, such as laccase (Lac) and Mn-peroxidase (MnP), are able to degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the most harmful among the known mycotoxins. The high cost of purification of these enzymes has limited their implementation into practical technologies. Every year, tons of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) are produced as a by-product of edible mushroom cultivation, such as Pleurotus spp., and disposed at a cost for farmers. SMS may still bea source of ligninolytic enzymes useful for AFB1 degradation. The in vitro AFB1-degradative activity of an SMS crude extract (SMSE) was investigated. Results show that: (1) in SMSE, high Lac activity (4 U g−1 dry matter) and low MnP activity (0.4 U g−1 dry matter) were present; (2) after 1 d of incubation at 25 °C, the SMSE was able to degrade more than 50% of AFB1, whereas after 3 and 7 d of incubation, the percentage of degradation reached the values of 75% and 90%, respectively; (3) with increasing pH values, the degradation percentage increased, reaching 90% after 3 d at pH 8. Based on these results, SMS proved to be a suitable source of AFB1 degrading enzymes and the use of SMSE to detoxify AFB1 contaminated commodities appears conceivable.

scholarly journals Biogenic Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles with Edible Mushroom Extract: Evaluation of Cytotoxicity on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines and Their Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6629-6639 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biogenic Synthesis ◽  
Mushroom Extract ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Uv Visible

We report edible mushroom extract (EME) as a robust and environmentally friendly precursor for the biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The as-synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The results obtained from TEM and DLS suggested that the SeNPs synthesized with EME are in the size of ~ 8 nm with a spherical shape and monodispersity. The occurrence of antioxidants in the EME has been confirmed with FTIR and thereby confirmed that flavonoids and phenolic compounds played a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of SeNPs from Na2SeO3. In addition, EME-SeNPs exhibited no cytotoxicity on the cell lines of prostate cancer (PC-3) at concentrations ranging from 0.5-1.5 μM. At a concentration of 0.25 mM against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, the average scavenging level of EME-SeNPs was found to be > 80.20 %. Moreover, the percentage viability of gram-negative E.coli and gram-positive E.faecium was recorded at a high concentration of EME-SeNPs and found to be 82 % and 65 %, respectively.

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