Anticariogenic Activities of Derris reticulata Ethanolic Stem Extract Against Streptococcus mutans

Aims: Millettia aboensis (Hook.f.) Baker belongs to the Leguminosae family, known locally as nduezi in Igbo, erurumesi in Edo, and Òdúdū in Efik. Millettia aboensis stem is a rich source of flavonoids, phenolic acid, alkaloids, and steroids, hence with medicinal and physiological potentials. It is used in traditional medicine for general healing of diseases including ulcers and laxatives. The present study was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial potential of the extract/fractions of the stem of M. aboensis against Streptococcus mutans – dental caries causative organism and detection of its principles. Methodology: Cold maceration in methanol and liquid-liquid fractionation techniques using hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol as solvents were utilized for the extraction and fractionation processes respectively. Some phytochemicals from the fractions were suspected using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). The crude methanol stem extract/fractions were screened to analyze its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. Results: The results showed for the fractions that aqueous fraction extract had the highest percentage yield (57.73%), followed by ethyl acetate (16.79%), butanol (12.17%), hexane (9.48%), while the percentage yield of the methanol extract is 2.98%. The HPLC-DAD analysis detected the following phytochemical constituents from the stem fractions: pestalotioprolide C - 1, corynesidone D - 2, enniatin B - 3, dipiperamide E - 4, isopranetin 8-C-glucoside - 5, genistein 8-C-glucoside - 6, genistein 6-C-glucoside - 7, and peniciaculin B - 8. In relatively low and high concentrations (6.25 – 50 mg/ml), the extract/fractions of M. aboensis were found ineffective against Streptococcus mutans. Conclusion: The plant – M. aboensis with its phytochemicals present could be an excellent source of novel biologically active compounds with pharmaceutical and industrial importance.

Download Full-text

Efektivitas Ekstrak Serbuk Batang Siwak Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Pyogenes

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i1.468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

NUGROHO EKO WIRAWAN BUDIANTO

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Streptococcus Faecalis ◽

Group Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Stem Extract ◽

Inhibitory Power ◽

Test Control

AbstractBackground : Siwak (Salvadora Persica) is a plant that is widely used in the Middle East which was used to clean teeth and mouth. Currently there is also toothpaste that contains siwak as its active ingredient. Previous research, Siwak has anti-bacterial power against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus faecalis. This study aims to prove whether the extract of siwak stem powder can be used to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria, one of which can cause pharyngitis.Method: Post Test Control Only Group Design method. 24 samples divided into four replications and six treatments. The research used siwak stem extract at a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%Result: showed that the inhibition zone of siwak stem extract on the growth of Streptococus pyogenes obtained an average inhibition zone of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations, namely 0 mm, 8.47 mm, 9.77 mm and 10.37 mm. The statistical test results showed that the diameter of the bacterial inhibition zone in the K1 group was significantly different against K3, K4, K5, K6, as well as between the K2 groups against K3, K4, K5, K6. There is no significant difference between K1 and K2 and K3 with K4 and K4 with K5. At a concentration of 50% the ethanol extract of the siwak stem powder was able to provide an inhibitory power on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria and an increase in the concentration of 75% and 100%, the more its inhibition power was increased. At a concentration of 100% it was statistically significant different from the inhibition of amoxicillinConclusion : Concentration of 50% ethanol extract of siwak stem powder provides minimal inhibitory power on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The higher the extract concentration, the wider the inhibition zone formed.Keywords: Sebuk siwak stem, Streptococus pyogenes AbstrakLatar belakang : Siwak merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak di daerah timur tengah yang dulu dipakai untuk membersihkan gigi dan mulut. Saat ini juga tersedia pasta gigi yang mengandung siwak sebagai bahan aktifnya. Penelitian sebelumnya siwak memiliki daya anti bakteri terhadap streptococcus mutans dan streptococcus faecalis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa ekstrak serbuk batang siwak apakah dapat dipakai untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri streptococcus pyogenes yang salah satunya bisa menyebabkan faringitis.Metode : Post Test Control Only Group Design. 24 sampel dibagi menjadi empat kali pengulangan dan enam perlakuan. Penelitian menggunakan ekstrak batang siwak pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%,75% dan 100%.Hasil Penelitian : adanya zona hambat ekstrak serbuk batang siwak terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococus pyogenes diperoleh rata-rata zona hambat dari masing-masing konsentrasi 25%,50%, 75%, dan 100% adalah 0 mm, 8,47 mm, 9,77 mm dan 10,37 mm. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan diameter zona hambat bakteri pada kelompok K1 berbeda signifikan terhadap K3, K4, K5, K6, serta antara kelompok K2 terhadap K3, K4, K5, K6. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara K1 dengan K2 dan K3 dengan K4 dan K4 dengan K5. Pada konsentrasi 50% ekstrak etanol serbuk batang siwak sudah dapat memberikan daya hambat pada pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan peningkatan konsentrasi 75% dan 100% semakin meningkat daya hambatnya. Pada konsentrasi 100% secara statistik berbeda signifikan dengan daya hambat amoxicillin.Kesimpulan : Konsentrasi 50% ekstrak etanol serbuk batang siwak memberikan daya hambat minimal pada pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak maka zona hambat yang terbentuk akan semakin luas.Kata Kunci : Sebuk batang siwak, Streptococus pyogenes

Download Full-text

Inhibitory activity of lupinifolin isolated from Derris reticulata stem against biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus

Pharmacognosy Research ◽

10.4103/pr.pr_57_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 403

Author(s):

Pawitra Pulbutr ◽

Kaewkallaya Thongrak ◽

Apichart Thitprapai ◽

Sakulrat Rattanakiat ◽

Chawannuch Mudjupa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Derris Reticulata ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Download Full-text

Cell Wall Ultrastructure in Three Strains of a Cariogenic Streptococcus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100065730 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

M. J. Kramer ◽

Alan L. Coykendall

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Microscopic Study ◽

Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Genetic Heterogeneity ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Dna Reassociation ◽

Wall Ultrastructure

During the almost 50 years since Streptococcus mutans was first suggested as a factor in the etiology of dental caries, a multitude of studies have confirmed the cariogenic potential of this organism. Streptococci have been isolated from human and animal caries on numerous occasions and, with few exceptions, they are not typable by the Lancefield technique but are relatively homogeneous in their biochemical reactions. An analysis of the guanine-cytosine (G-C) composition of the DNA from strains K-1-R, NCTC 10449, and FA-1 by one of us (ALC) revealed significant differences and DNA-DNA reassociation experiments indicated that genetic heterogeneity existed among the three strains. The present electron microscopic study had as its objective the elucidation of any distinguishing morphological characteristics which might further characterize the respective strains.

Download Full-text

The role of intracanal medicaments in inhibition of bacteria isolated from root canals of infected primary molars

Mustansiria Dental Journal ◽

10.32828/mdj.v14i1.766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Dr. Maha Abdul- Kareem Mahmood ◽

Dr. Huda Elias Ali ◽

Dr. Haraa Khairi Abdul-Kadher

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Root Canal ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Root Canals ◽

Etiologic Agents ◽

Micro Organisms

Microbes are considered as the primary etiologic agents in endodontic diseases.Disinfection of the root canal is obtained by the combined effect of biomechanicalpreparation, irrigation and intra canal medicament. The aim of the present study wasto assess the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments (formocresol andEndosepton) against two micro organisms (Streptococcus mutans and staphylococcusaureus) isolated from 15 necrotic pulps of primary molars indicated for pulpectomyprocedure. The samples were cultured, and purified using microbiological evaluation.Broth dilution test was performed in our study by preparing test tubes containing10 ml of BHI broth (pH. 7) which then inoculated with strains of the tested bacteriaand incubated at 37 C° for 24 h. After over night incubaction, ten fold dilution weremade in test tubes containing 9 ml of normal saline by adding 1 ml of the inoculum tothe first tube . Then from dilution 10-1 , 0.1 ml of cell suspension was added to 9.9 mlof formocresol and endosepton, then 0.1 ml was taken and spread on duplicates ofBHI agar plates at different intervals and incubated aerobically for 24 h. at 37 C°.Colonies on the plates were counted after incubation and CFU/mL (colony formingunit) was calculated. Our results indicating that there were no significant differencesbetween the intracanal medicaments, but there were high significant differencesbetween the intervals time of the study. We concluded that both materials had greatantibacterial effect against the pathogens commonly isolated from necrotic pulpaltissue of primary teeth.

Download Full-text