Increasing the In Vitro Enzymatic Activity of Cellulase and Amylase from Beef Cattle Rumen Fluid Supplemented with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Sulfur

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-576
Author(s):  
F.M. Suhartati ◽  
W. Suryaprata
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

scholarly journals Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans sensitivity towards chlorophyll of Moringa leaf after activated by diode laser

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
I Gde Bagus Yatna Wibawa ◽  
Suryani Diah Astuti ◽  
Ernie Maduratna Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Root Planning

Background: Regular brushing teeth with scaling and root planning (SRP) cannot effectively decrease the periopatogen bacterial colonies. Even with the addition of antibiotics to support SRP, such as tetracycline given with low doses and for a long time may cause bacteria to become resistant and the effectiveness to eliminate colonies of bacteria being reduced. Photodynamic is a treatment modality that does not cause resistance and potentially to eliminate the growth of bacterial colonies. Moringa oleifera is a plant that can be easily found in Indonesia, by extracting chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaves, it can be used as a photosensitizer agent to increase the absorption of light on photodynamic method. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the potential photodynamic inactivation therapy to inactivate (eliminate) periopatogen bacterium. Method: This study used Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans). Laser diode 660nm as a light source with 8mm optical fiber to guide the beam, also used 20% extract chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaf as photosensitizer. Four diode lasers energy density exposures (2,5J.cm-2, 5J.cm-2, 7,5J.cm-2, and 10J.cm-2) are used from both at the in vitro photodynamic inactivation test. Result: The highest percentage of deaths occurred in the group treated with addition of photosensitizer and exposed by 660 nm diode laser with 10J.cm-2 energy density, which is 83.01%, compared to the results obtained in the group without addition of the photosensitizer. Conclusion: Chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaf after activated by diode laser effectively eliminates A. actinomycetemcomitans.

scholarly journals Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Chinese Moringa oleifera Leaves and Antioxidant Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Zhao ◽  
Jiawen Deng ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Yaqiang He ◽  
Tao Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Rich in phenolic compounds, Moringa oleifera leaf extract (ME) exhibits significant antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo. ME has already been widely used in fields of medicine, functional food, and cosmetics. Ultrasonic extraction (UE) method has been improved to be one of the most effective ways to extract phenols from M. oleifera leaves. The purpose of this study was to optimize ultrasonic extraction of phenols by response surface methodology (RSM). Four parameters were discussed, such as ethanol concentration, solvent-sample ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Also, purification methods of the crude ME by organic solvent extraction and column chromatography were examined. Antioxidant activities of ME and each fraction were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxy radical-scavenging activities and reducing power. The phenol content of the purified ME reached up to 962.6 mg RE/g, extremely higher than the crude extract 107.22 ± 1.93 mg RE/g. The antioxidant activity of the purified ME was also significantly improved. Furthermore, phenols were identified by using the HPLC-MS method, and the results showed that there were 6 phenolic acids and derivatives and 7 flavonoids in ME. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside isolated from ME showed excellent DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging abilities, which were comparable to VC.

scholarly journals The Use of Various Substrate Microbial Bamboo Stems for Rice Straw Fermentation and its effect on digestibility and fermentation product of Beef Cattle Ration

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Chabib B.H ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Muhamad Bata
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

This experiment investigated various substrate growth of bamboo stems microbes (BSM) in rice straw fermentation and its effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration. Materials were rumen fluid of beef cattle from the slaughterhouse. Basal diets consisted of rice straw and concentrate with ratio of 40 : 60 (% dry matter) were administered to five treatments namely P0 = untreated rice straw (control), P1 = Ammoniated rice straw,  fermented rice straw using microbial bamboo stems grown on ammoniated rice straw (P2), rice bran (P3) and cassava waste (P4). The experiment used in vitro method was designed with Completely Randomized Design and the data were analyzed variance. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration (P>0,05). The fermentation process of microbial bamboo stems in rice straw with a level of 10% with different substrate did not able to  increase the digestibility and products fermentation, but there tends that the rice bran and substrates can increase DMD and N-NH3 concentration

scholarly journals PSIX-10 In vitro dry matter digestibility, gas production and pH of silages of several maize hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 415-416
Author(s):  
Pedro Queiroz ◽  
Israel Alves Filho ◽  
Sergio Pereira Junior ◽  
Flavia Scarpino van Cleef ◽  
Jane Ezequiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), gas production and pH of silages of 10 maize hybrids in Iturama, Brazil (XB 6012 BT, BM 709 VT PRO2, BM 815 VT PRO2, DKB 363 VT PRO3, AG 8740 VT PRO3, SYN 555 VIP3, SX 8555 VIP3, SX 7005 VIP3, DKB 390 VT PRO3, and RB 9789 VIP3). The maize was ensiled in experimental mini silos in a completely randomized design with 3 repetitions. After 120 d, a subsample from each mini silo was taken and the IVDMD was estimated using Ankom Daisy II and F-57 bags (n = 44). Rumen fluid from two cannulated Nellore steers were mixed and placed into fermenter jars containing Ankom buffers (1:4; v/v). After 48-h incubation (39ºC), 40 mL 6 N HCl and 8 g pepsin were added to each jar and incubated for another 24 h. For gas production and pH evaluations, penicillin-type glass vials (n = 40) were filled with McDougall buffer (20 mL), rumen fluid (10 mL) and substrates (200 mg) and incubated in a shaker (39ºC) for 24 h. The cumulative pressure was measured, vials were opened, and terminal pH was measured. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. The DKB 363 VT PRO3 presented the greatest IVDMD (84.9%, P = 0.02) and the lowest pH (6.60, P = 0.002). The opposite was observed for DKB 390 VT PRO3, which presented the lowest IVDMD (71.1%) and the greatest pH (6.65). The BM 709 PRO2 produced more gas than the others (246.1 mL/g DM), while SYN 555 VIP3 produced less gas than the others (167.7 mL/g DM, P = 0.0005). In conclusion, the material DKB 363 VT PRO3 presented the most interesting characteristics for use as silage for beef cattle in Iturama, Brazil.

Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Waterman ◽  
DM Cheng ◽  
P Rojas-Silva ◽  
A Poulev ◽  
J Dreifus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Water Extractable

Effect of mash or pelleted supplements containing crab meal on intake and weight gains of beef cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
R. E. McQueen ◽  
J. G. Allen ◽  
R. S. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Alfalfa Meal ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
Cattle Performance

Yearling beef steers showed a progressive decrease in rate of gain as crab meal replaced 33, 66 and 100% of supplemented soybean meal. The crab meal was highly resistant to degradation in sacco but was well digested in the whole tract of sheep. Rumen fluid from sheep fed crab meal was as effective for fiber digestion in vitro as that from sheep fed a similar diet without crab meal. It was concluded that the lower feed intake observed with cattle fed crab meal was not due to inhibition of fiber digestion. In a second experiment, there was no improvement in cattle performance when the crab meal was treated with the antioxidant ethoxyquin. Oxidation of crab meal that could lead to rancidity does not appear to be a problem, as adding ethoxyquin did not affect cattle performance. In a third experiment, pelleting a crab meal–alfalfa meal supplement increased intake from 1.22 kg d−1 to 1.64 kg d−1 (P < 0.01), and pelleting a crab meal–barley supplement increased intake from 1.55 kg d−1 to 1.80 kg d−1 (P < 0.05). In a fourth experiment, pelleting the crab meal supplement again largely overcame the depressing effects of crab meal on intake and weight gains. It was concluded that crab meal is a useful supplement for young cattle, provided they can be induced to consume it. Pelleting the crab meal supplement is one way of overcoming the lower intake and weight gains associated with feeding it as a mash. Key words: Crab meal, intake, digestibility, beef cattle, pelleting

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