Effect of Lead on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Chlorophyll Content and Nitrate Reductase Activity in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata)

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Singh Sengar ◽  
Madhu Gautam ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Garg ◽  
Reshu Chaudhary ◽  
Kalpana Sengar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity

scholarly journals Effects of Aquatic Extract from Chrysanthemum's Rhizospheric Soil on the Seed Germination and Root Enzymes

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 789E-789
Author(s):  
Kai Zhou ◽  
Weiming Guo ◽  
Zhongchun Jiang*
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content

The autointoxication of chrysanthemum was studied using water extract of Dendranthema morifolium's rhizospheric soil. Results of bioassays showed that the water extract inhibited chrysanthemum seed germination and the activities of some important root enzymes. The seedling nitrate reductase activity was decreased linearly with increasing concentration of the extract. The activity of root dehydrogenase was inhibited only at the highest concentration tested [3.2 g·mL-1, dry weight (DW)], but was stimulated at a lower concentration tested (1.6 g·mL-1, DW). Malondialdehyde content increased at higher than 1.6 g·mL-1, DW concentrations of the extract. The autointoxication phenomenon might be related to the difficulties in continuous plantings of chrysanthemum at the same location.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of bio-silica-treated oil palm seedlings to drought stress (Tanggap fisiologi bibit kelapa sawit yang diberi bio-silika terhadap cekaman kekeringan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Mutiara AMANAH ◽  
Nurhaimi HARIS ◽  
Laksmita Prima SANTI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Proline Concentration

Silica (Si) in the form of soluble silicic acid [H4SiO4] was an element that makes plants more resistant to drought stress through biochemical or molecular processes and contributing to growth stimulation under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the response of oil palm seedlings to drought stress by the bio-Si application. The experiment was arranged in complete random design (CRD) with ten replicates.  Bio-Si was developed in solid and liquid forms with a dissolved Si content at least 10% (w/v). The eight combinations of solid bio-Si application per seedling were: (i) blank (without fertilizers), (ii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15, (iii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 109cfu of Si-solubilizing microbes (SSM), (iv-viii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10 g bio-Si; and 5 g Na2SiO3.  On the other hand, liquid bio-Si application per seedling were: (i) blank (without fertilizers), (ii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15, (iii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 109cfu of SSM, (iv-viii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 25 mL; 50 mL; 75 mL; 100 mL bio-Si; and 50 mL Na2SiO3. Drought stress tolerance was analyzed by using proline concentration, nitrate reductase activity (NRA), chlorophyll content, and stomatal closure in the leave of oil palm seedlings. Based on the physiological response, this research indicates that bio-Si application could induce seedling tolerance to drought stress. The bio-Si treatments gave a positive response of proline concentration, nitrate reductase activity (NRA), chlorophyll content, and stomatal closure. The doses of 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 7.5 g solid bio-Si and 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 75 mL liquid bio-Si per seedling were a recommended to increase oil palm seedlings tolerance to drought stress.[Key words: bio-Si, chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity, Si-solubilizing microbes]. AbstrakSilika (Si) dalam bentuk terlarut asam silikat [H4SiO4]merupakan unsur yang dapat menyebabkan tanaman lebih tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan melalui proses biokimia atau molekuler dan menstimulasi pertumbuhan dalam kondisi cekaman biotik dan abiotik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui respons fisiologi bibit kelapa sawit yang diberi bio-Si terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian didesain dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan sepuluh ulangan. Bio-Si dikembangkan dalam bentuk padat dan cair dengan kadar Si terlarut minimal 10 % (b/v). Delapan aplikasi bio-Si padat per bibit adalah: (i) blanko (tanpa pupuk), (ii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15, (iii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 109cfu mikrob pelarut silika, (iv-viii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 2,5 g; 5,0 g; 7,5 g; 10 g bio-Si, dan 5 g Na2SiO3. Sementara untuk aplikasi bio-Si cair per bibit adalah: (i) blanko (tanpa pupuk), (ii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15, (iii) 5 g NPK  15-15-15 + 109cfu mikroorganisme pelarut silika (MPS), (iv-viii) 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 25 ml; 50 ml; 75 ml; dan 100 mLbio-Si, dan 50 ml Na2SiO3. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi analisis prolin, aktivitas nitrat reduktase (ANR), kandungan klorofil, serta morfologi stomata pada daun bibit kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan data fisiologi yang diperoleh dari kegiatan penelitian ini, aplikasi bio-Si dapat meningkatkan ketahanan bibit kelapa sawit terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Perlakuan bio-Si memberikan respon positif terhadap konsentrasi prolin,aktivitas nitrat reduktase (ANR), kandungan klorofil, serta morfologi stomata.Dosis 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 7,5 g bio-Si padat dan 5 g NPK 15-15-15 + 75 mLbio-Si cair dapat direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan bibit kelapa sawit terhadap cekaman kekeringan.  [Kata kunci: bio-Si, klorofil, aktivitas nitrat reduktase, mikroorganisme pelarut silika].

scholarly journals Physiological screening of ruderal weed biomonitors of atmospheric nitrogen deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nayeli Martínez ◽  
Erick De la Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Bidens Pilosa

Background: Plants take up various species of reactive nitrogen and their different physiological responses to the increase of nitrogen availability can be useful in biomonitoring. Questions: Does atmospheric nitrogen deposition affect the physiology of ruderal weeds? Which species are most responsive to the nitrogen deposition? Studied species: Eleven ruderal weeds. Study site and dates: Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico. 2019. Methods: Under scenarios of 10, 20, 40 and 80 kg N ha-1year-1, we quantified plant responses of biomass production, nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, δ15N, nitrogen and carbon content. Results: Total biomass production increased with the rate of nitrogen deposition for Bidens pilosa, Chloris gayana,Lepidium virginicum, and Pennisetum setaceum, as chlorophyll content in B. pilosa, C. gayana, and L. virginicum. In turn, the below- to above-ground biomass ratio decreased for B. pilosa and C. gayana, as photosynthetic efficiency in C. gayana, L. virginicum, and Chloris pycnothrix. Nitrate reductase activity was only affected in L. virginicumm, C. gayana, and T. officinale.    With the exception of C. pycnothrix, the nitrogen content increased, while the carbon augmented in C. gayana, C. pycnothrix, and P. setaceum. The C/N ratio was reduced in B. pilosa, C. gayana, Chloris virgata, P. setaceum, and T. officinale. The δ15N was increased in B. pilosa, C. gayana, C. virgata and P. setaceum. Conclusions: Bidens pilosa, C. gayana, L. virginicum, and P. setaceum were the species with more affected variables to nitrogen deposition, which could be useful in the biomonitoring.

Mitigating effect of foliar applied ascorbic acid on morpho-physiological, biochemical changes and yield attributes induced by salt stress in Vigna radiate

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagdish Kumar Nagda ◽  
Nishant A. Bhanu ◽  
Nishant A. Bhanu ◽  
Deepmala Katiyar ◽  
Akhouri Hemantaranjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Yield Attributes

The present investigation was carried out to examine the role of exogenously applied ascorbic acid which mitigates the deleterious effects of salt stress in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotype HUM-1. Plants grown under induced salinity stress at 150 mM NaCl were treated with different concentration of ascorbic acid, i.e., 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 2.0 mM. To study the effects of treatments of salt stress on chlorophyll content, proline content, nitrate reductase activity, superoxide dismutase activity and yield attributes data were recorded at 20, 40, 60 day after sowing. Nitrate reductase activity and chlorophyll content with 1.0 mM ascorbic acid under salinity (150 mM NaCl) while the activities of superoxide dismutase get reduced up to 43.71% at 40 days after sowing. In plant treated with combined treatment of 150 mM NaCl and 1.0 mM foliar applied ascorbic acid caused a decline in the level of proline, which was 3.38 mg, 3.35 mg and 6.30 mg at 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing. The threshold level of ascorbic acid was 150 mM NaCl along with 1.0 mM ascorbic acid, that improved the yield attributes under salinity. Ascorbic acid inhibits the adverse effect of NaCl for growth and development of plants. So ascorbic acid may be a promising treatment to ameliorate the deleterious effects of salt stress in crops.

Chemical Control of Flavone from Forestry Waste C.cathayensis Exocarp on Nutritive Growth of Crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
Xiang Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Relative Electrical Conductivity

Using potted wheat, corn, soybean and mung bean as the materials, the effects of different treatments with six kinds of concentration ( 0.1 ~ 2.0 / mg.L-1 ) of flavone extract from C.cathayensis exocarp on the relative electrical conductivity, root activity, nitrate reductase activity and nutritive absorption of four kinds of newborn crop seedlings roots were studied. The results showed that within the range of concentration of 0.1~ 0.5/mg.L-1, the flavone extract promoted the nutritive growth of the four kinds of crops at seedling stage. The root activity of the wheat and mung bean seedlings were 0.29 and 0.35/ug.dg-1.h-1, 40-24% higher than CK, the nitrate reductase activity of the corn and soybean seedlings were 49.9 and 53.1/mg.L-1, with an increase of 54-24%. The effects of flavone extract on the four kinds of crop reached the significant or extremely significant level (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). A suitable concentration of flavone extract could significantly promote the root absorption on N, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn, but in view of four kinds of crop, the different concentration has different promotive or inhibitive effect. Research results showed that the appropriate concentration of flavone extract from C.cathayensis exocarp could promote the growth of four kinds of crop seedlings, and improve the effect of the mineral nutrient absorption of seedling newborn roots.

scholarly journals Effect of copper on the dynamics of the increment of plant dry mass and on some physiological processes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
U. Wojcieska ◽  
E. Wolska ◽  
M. Ruszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Experiments were undertaken in order to establish the influence of copper on the growth and yield of plants. Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.) was grown in pots with peat enriched with mineral elements with the excluding of Cu. Copper was applied immediately after plant germination in doses of 0, 5 and 125 mg Cu per pot. In the form of CuSO<sub>4</sub>. During the vegetation period the following determinations were made: (a) dynamics of the increase of plant dry matter and of the assimilative surface, (b) chlorophyll content, (c) nitrate reductase activity and (d) intensity of photosynthesis and photosynthetic activity. The results indicate that copper deficit restricts the process of photosynthesis and the dynamics of dry mass increment. Differences in copper dosage did not have an immediate influence on the chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, only rather an intermediate effect through the influence on the process of ageing.

scholarly journals The diversity and physiological activities of weeds in land cultivated with various corn cultivars and fertilized with various nitrogen doses

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
MUJI RAHAYU ◽  
PRAPTO YUDONO ◽  
DIDIK INDRADEWA ◽  
EKO HANUDIN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Dactyloctenium Aegyptium

Abstract. Rahayu M, Yudono P, Indradewa D, Hanudin E. 2019. The diversity and physiological activities of weeds in land cultivated with various corn cultivars and fertilized with various nitrogen doses. Biodiversitas 20: 622-628. Both weeds and corn have nutrient needs. Nitrogen is one of the essential elements required by weeds and corn. Each corn cultivar and weed also has different ability to absorb nitrogen. This study aimed to determine the effect of corn cultivar and nitrogen dose on the diversity and physiological activities of weeds. The research was conducted in Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta from December 2016 to May 2017. The study used a completely randomized block design with 2 factors with three replications. The first factor was corn cultivar, consisting of four cultivars (Bisi 18, NK 33, DK 95 and Sukmaraga) and the second factor was the nitrogen dose, consisting of three levels (25 kg N ha-1, 150 kg N ha-1 and 275 kg N ha-1). The data were analyzed using 5% variance analysis and continued with Duncan test at 5% level. The results showed that the most commonly found weeds were broadleaves, but the most dominant weed was a grass, namely Dactyloctenium aegyptium, except Sukmaraga with nitrogen doses of 25 kg ha-1 and 150 kg ha-1 in 4 weeks after planting (WAP). In 8 WAP, weeds that grew in land planted with all combinations of cultivars and nitrogen doses were Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis tenella, Amaranthus spinosus, and Richardia scabra. There were no significant differences on the nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, and dry weight among cultivars. The treatment of 25 kg N ha-1 resulted in the lowest leaf area index and total chlorophyll content, but the highest nitrate reductase activity.

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