Designing Health Care Environments: Part II. Preparing Nurses to Be Design Team Members

AbstractThe perception of risk exposure among design team members during the early phases of information system development projects can provide valuable strategic information for clinical organizations. To develop a typology of perceived risks during information system development projects in health care, interviews were performed with key team members from a specialist clinic, primary health care, and an informatics research group, during the requirements specification. Phenomenological data analysis and secondary integration of the results in available theories were performed. System objectives, the user requirements definition procedure, the communication pattern between design team members and project management were found to be perceived as the main risk areas. In the secondary analysis, the technical factors, identified as preventing a maximization of the use of the resources, were lack of informatics knowledge among economic decision makers and differences between customers and suppliers regarding their views on the nature of system design. During the implementation of a given strategy, decision makers may consider the requests of their own sponsors in the first place and maximize the use ofthe project resources in the second place. Informatics knowledge plays a key role in risk perception during the development of an information system in health care. Political considerations by team members are important to take into regard, since these may influence technical and economic decisions.

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Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps: Testing of a New Design-by-Analogy Tool

Volume 7: 2nd Biennial International Conference on Dynamics for Design; 26th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology ◽

10.1115/detc2014-35323 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

K. Scott Marshall ◽

Richard Crawford ◽

Matthew Green ◽

Daniel Jensen

Keyword(s):

Engineering Students ◽

Word List ◽

Design Team ◽

Functional Requirement ◽

Concept Generation ◽

Team Members ◽

Design Metrics ◽

Engineering Design Problems ◽

Design By Analogy ◽

Mind Maps

Recent research has investigated methods based on design-by-analogy meant to enhance concept generation. This paper presents Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps, a new method to prompt generation of analogous solution principles drawn from multiple analogical domains. The method was evaluated in two separate design studies using senior engineering students. The method begins with identifying a primary functional design requirement such as “eject part.” We used this functional requirement “seed” to generate a WordTree of grammatically analogical words for each design team. We randomly selected a set of words from each WordTree list with varying lexical “distances” from the seed word, and used them to populate the first-level nodes of a mind-map, with the functional requirement seed as the central hub. Design team members first used the word list to individually generate solutions and then performed team concept generation using the analogically seeded mind-map. Quantity and uniqueness of the resulting verbal solution principles were evaluated. The solution principles were further analyzed to determine if the lexical “distance” from the seed word had an effect on the evaluated design metrics. The results of this study show Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps to be useful tool in generating analogous solutions for engineering design problems.

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Collective soul: The spirituality of an interdisciplinary palliative care team

Palliative & Supportive Care ◽

10.1017/s1478951506060032 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 13-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

SHANE SINCLAIR ◽

SHELLEY RAFFIN ◽

JOSE PEREIRA ◽

NANCY GUEBERT

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Focus Groups ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Palliative Care Team ◽

Care Team ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Team Members ◽

Spiritual Journeys ◽

Common Goals

Objective:Although spirituality as it relates to patients is gaining increasing attention, less is known about how health care professionals (HCP) experience spirituality personally or collectively in the workplace. This study explores the collective spirituality of an interdisciplinary palliative care team, by studying how individuals felt about their own spirituality, whether there was a shared sense of a team spirituality, how spirituality related to the care the team provided to patients and whether they felt that they provided spiritual care.Methods:A qualitative autoethnographic approach was used. The study was conducted in a 10-bed Tertiary Palliative Care Unit (TPCU) in a large acute-care referral hospital and cancer center. Interdisciplinary team members of the TPCU were invited to participate in one-to-one interviews and/or focus groups. Five interviews and three focus groups were conducted with a total of 20 participants.Results:Initially participants struggled to define spirituality. Concepts of spirituality relating to integrity, wholeness, meaning, and personal journeying emerged. For many, spirituality is inherently relational. Others acknowledged transcendence as an element of spirituality. Spirituality was described as being wrapped in caring and often manifests in small daily acts of kindness and of love, embedded within routine acts of caring. Palliative care served as a catalyst for team members' own spiritual journeys. For some participants, palliative care represented a spiritual calling. A collective spirituality stemming from common goals, values, and belonging surfaced.Significance of results:This was the first known study that focused specifically on the exploration of a collective spirituality. The culture of palliative care seems to foster spiritual reflection among health care professionals both as individuals and as a whole. While spirituality was difficult to describe, it was a shared experience often tangibly present in the provision of care on all levels.

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Virtual learning solutions in COVID-19 era: University Italian Ophthalmology department perspective

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211015576 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110155

Author(s):

Carla Enrica Gallenga ◽

Luca Agnifili ◽

Rossella D’Aloisio ◽

Lorenza Brescia ◽

Lisa Toto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Human Life ◽

Virtual Learning ◽

Virus Spread ◽

Surgical Simulator ◽

Team Members ◽

Academic Activities ◽

Virtual Platform ◽

Initial Results

Introduction: Few months after the COVID-19 pandemic burst, many aspects of the human life, including education, dramatically changed. Because of the lockdown measures taken to limit the virus spread in Italy, in-person teaching and learning have been interrupted in all health care disciplines and readapted in virtual formulae. Methods: As academic ophthalmology departments, we had to maintain the educational needs of medical and orthoptic students, internships, surgical training of residents, as well as to cover the scientific update of health care personnel (HCPs), and the continuation of research and academic activities. To assure these needs we ideated an educational strategy and a team, which was then translated on a multichannel virtual platform created with Microsoft Teams. Results: In this platform there were 21 channels organized in a public view mode, open to all Team members, or in private view mode to separate non-permanent HCPs, internships, residents, and students’ tasks, from permanent HCPs tasks. Virtual channels were dedicated to provide theoretical lessons, clinical cases, surgical video, internal meetings and webinar, to offer news from scientific societies, requests of appointments from biomedical companies, links with ophthalmological websites, to move forward research projects, to participate at institutional academic duties, and to obtain feedbacks from users. Residents continued their training on surgery using a surgical simulator, after consulting an agenda uploaded into the dedicated virtual channel. Conclusion: These positive initial results should represent a boost to rapidly proceed with the development of even more versatile virtual learning solutions, given that the forecasts for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic are not encouraging.

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Handling Ethical Dilemmas in Multidisciplinary Teams

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732372.013.41 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jill Thistlethwaite ◽

Wendy Hawksworth

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Interprofessional Collaboration ◽

Ethical Dilemmas ◽

Multidisciplinary Teams ◽

Team Members ◽

Secondary Health Care

This chapter explores the concept and practice of teamwork and interprofessional collaboration in the support and treatment of clients with mental health problems. Mental health care provision is complex, ethically challenging, and frequently delivered via mental health care teams (MHCT) in both primary and secondary health care settings. We consider how such teams may work together optimally using values-based and client-centered approaches. We discuss the nature of and reasons for conflict arising in multidisciplinary MHCTs, focusing on ethical dilemmas that occur where there is diversity amongst team members in respect of personal, professional, and/or organizational values. The specific ethical issues discussed are: boundary issues; receiving gifts; confidentiality, and involuntary treatment and restraint. Three case studies are used to provide examples of values in action.

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The surgical journey: exploring the OR-PACU handover

10.32920/ryerson.14661582.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marketa Gross

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Patient Safety ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Team Processes ◽

Team Members ◽

Handover Process ◽

Collective Competence ◽

Transfer Of Information

Patient safety in health care remains a serious concern in Canada. Adverse events can lead to physiological and psychological complications and pose a significant economic burden on the health care system. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore the team processes, roles and factors that underpin effective communication between team members during an OR-PACU handover. Content analysis revealed four major categories: Ownership, Distractions and Interruptions, Transfer of Information and Workflow. The results of this study, informed by the Theory of Collective Competence enhance our understanding of the OR-PACU handover and support the need for the development of a structured OR-PACU team handover process.

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Collaborating

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639755.013.41 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Karen Twyford

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Music Therapy ◽

Music Therapists ◽

Team Members ◽

Education Services ◽

Team Success ◽

Successful Outcomes

Effective teamworking is increasingly considered vital for successful outcomes for clients, professionals, and advancement of the profession of music therapy. However, while many benefits may be realized, teamworking does not come without its challenges. Team success requires tasks which are clearly defined and motivating overall in addition to synthesis and integration of skills and knowledge to stimulate team members. Additionally, effective teamworking requires an awareness of the diverse purposes required for different forms of integrated working. This chapter evaluates and discusses the ways in which music therapists can be effective as team members in health care and education services.

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The Influence of Team Goal Alignment and Awareness on Human-Centered Design Team Decision-Making Strategy

10.1115/detc2021-69793 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vivek Rao ◽

Ananya Krishnan ◽

Jieun Kwon ◽

Euiyoung Kim ◽

Alice Agogino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Personal Goals ◽

Design Team ◽

Design Teams ◽

Goal Alignment ◽

Team Members ◽

Team Decision Making ◽

Student Teams ◽

Team Decision ◽

Team Alignment

Abstract Design team decision-making underpins all activities in the design process. Simultaneously, goal alignment within design teams has been shown to be essential to the success of team activities, including engineering design. However, the relationship between goal alignment and design team decision-making remains unclear. In this exploratory work, we analyze six student design teams’ decision-making strategies underlying 90 selections of design methods over the course of a human-centered design project. We simultaneously examine how well each design team’s goals are aligned in terms of their perception of shared goals and their awareness of team members’ personal goals at the midpoint and end of the design process, along with three other factors underpinning team alignment at the midpoint. We report three preliminary findings about how team goal alignment and goal awareness influence team decision-making strategy that, while lacking consistent significance, invite further research. First, we observe that a decrease in awareness of team members’ personal goals may lead student teams to use a different distribution of decision-making strategies in design than teams whose awareness stays constant or increases. Second, we find that student teams exhibiting lower overall goal alignment scores appear to more frequently use agent-driven decision-making strategies, while student teams with higher overall goal alignment scores appear to more frequently use process-driven decision-making strategies. Third, we find that while student team alignment appears to influence agent- and process-driven strategy selection, its effect on outcome-driven selection is less conclusive. While grounded in student data, these findings provide a starting place for further inquiry into of designerly behavior at the nexus of teaming and design decision-making.

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Interdisciplinary Health Care Evaluation Instruments: A Review of Psychometric Evidence

Evaluation & the Health Professions ◽

10.1177/01632787211040859 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 016327872110408

Author(s):

Hosung (Joel) Kang ◽

Cecilia Flores-Sandoval ◽

Benson Law ◽

Shannon Sibbald

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Team Members ◽

Team Assessment ◽

Health Care Evaluation ◽

Team Functioning ◽

Interdisciplinary Health Care ◽

Psychometric Evidence ◽

Improve Patient

Teamwork among health care professionals has been found to improve patient outcomes and reduce burnout. Surveys from individual team members are often used to measure the effectiveness of teamwork performance, as they provide an efficient way to capture various constructs of teamwork. This allows evaluators to better understand team functioning, areas of strength, and to identify potential areas for improvement. However, the majority of published surveys are yet to be validated. We conducted a review of psychometric evidence to identify instruments frequently used in practice and identified in the literature. The databases searched included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. After excluding duplicates and irrelevant articles, 15 articles met the inclusion criteria for full assessment. Seven surveys were validated and most frequently identified in the literature. This review aims to facilitate the selection of instruments that are most appropriate for research and clinical practice. More research is required to develop surveys that better reflect the current reality of teamwork in our evolving health system, including a greater consideration for patient as team members. Additionally, more research is needed to encompass an increasing development of team assessment tools.

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Evaluating health promotion projects in primary care: recent experiences in Scotland

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/001789699505400211 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 226-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cora Shiroyama ◽

Lorna McKee ◽

Linda McKie

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Care Setting ◽

Health Care Team ◽

Team Members ◽

Primary Health ◽

Academic Researchers ◽

Health Care Fund ◽

Evaluation Approaches

The evaluation of health promotion in primary health care has been brought to the forefront of debates in Scotland with the introduction of an evaluation component in every project funded under the Development of Health Care Fund scheme. The level of skills and empathy with evaluation approaches and research methods varies considerably between primary health care team members, and consequently academic researchers are increasingly being drawn into NHS debates on evaluation and health promotion in primary health care. In this article the authors draw upon their respective experiences as evaluators to highlight specific issues and concerns in the evaluation of health promotion in a primary health care setting.

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