Artificial Light Driven Power Generation and IoT Device Convergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
Dong Chan LIM
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Indoor Lighting

This special issue introduces artificial photovoltaic cell technology as a new vision of solar cells that can generate electricity using an indoor lighting source. In particular, organic artificial photocell materials and device technologies are described. Basic driving mechanisms and material-process technology for high-efficiency artificial photovoltaics are introduced; furthermore, actual application research cases, such as wireless IoT sensor driving, are described. Wireless power management technology is very important to establish future social values such as a ubiquitous society and a carbon-neutral society. Instead of placing an object in a place where power can be supplied, power should be supplied by necessity anytime and anywhere, thereby maintaining a more effective global energy balance and rapidly implementing a society with zero carbon emission. If Indoor light sources, which are energy sources that are discarded, pia identification can be used, they can efficiently maximize energy use in architectural spaces such as homes and offices and contribute much in terms of the environment.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Energy Modeling and Monitoring: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3716
Author(s):  
Francesco Causone ◽  
Rossano Scoccia ◽  
Martina Pelle ◽  
Paola Colombo ◽  
Mario Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Monitoring Plan ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Carrier Energy ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Energy Grid

Cities and nations worldwide are pledging to energy and carbon neutral objectives that imply a huge contribution from buildings. High-performance targets, either zero energy or zero carbon, are typically difficult to be reached by single buildings, but groups of properly-managed buildings might reach these ambitious goals. For this purpose we need tools and experiences to model, monitor, manage and optimize buildings and their neighborhood-level systems. The paper describes the activities pursued for the deployment of an advanced energy management system for a multi-carrier energy grid of an existing neighborhood in the area of Milan. The activities included: (i) development of a detailed monitoring plan, (ii) deployment of the monitoring plan, (iii) development of a virtual model of the neighborhood and simulation of the energy performance. Comparisons against early-stage energy monitoring data proved promising and the generation system showed high efficiency (EER equal to 5.84), to be further exploited.

scholarly journals Impact of Slope of Growing Trays on Productivity of Wheat Green Fodder by a Nutrient Film Technique System

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3009
Author(s):  
Andrius Grigas ◽  
Aurelija Kemzūraitė ◽  
Dainius Steponavičius ◽  
Aušra Steponavičienė ◽  
Rolandas Domeika
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
The Impact

Application of hydroponic systems in feed production has not been extensively studied. Therefore, there is insufficient data on the effect of the slope of hydroponic growing trays used in the nutrient film technique on wheat fodder yield and its qualitative parameters. The slope of the trays has only been studied for food crops. This study conducted experimental research using a nutrient film technique hydroponic fodder growing device to evaluate the impact of growing tray slope angle on hydroponic wheat fodder production. The slope angle of the growing trays was changed from 2.0% (1.15°) to 8.0% (4.57°) with increments of 1.5% (0.86°). This research used two different light sources for wheat sprout illumination: indoor lighting (fluorescent lamps) and light-emitting diode illumination. In addition, two nutrient solutions were used for sprout irrigation: tap water and a solution enriched with macro- and microelements. Experimental studies confirmed the hypothesis that the slope angle of growing trays significantly affects the yield of wheat fodder grown for seven days. Analyzing the results, we found that the highest yield of wheat fodder after seven days of cultivation was achieved with growing trays sloped by 6.5% and using indoor lighting. In addition, we achieved the highest wheat fodder dry matter content using a 6.5% slope angle. Experimental studies also confirmed the hypothesis that using macro- and micronutrients in the nutrient solution does not significantly affect the yield of wheat fodder grown hydroponically for seven days.

scholarly journals Promoting the Performance of Li–CO2 Batteries via Constructing Three-Dimensional Interconnected K+ Doped MnO2 Nanowires Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuolin Tang ◽  
Mengming Yuan ◽  
Huali Zhu ◽  
Guang Zeng ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Charge Process

Nowadays, Li–CO2 batteries have attracted enormous interests due to their high energy density for integrated energy storage and conversion devices, superiorities of capturing and converting CO2. Nevertheless, the actual application of Li–CO2 batteries is hindered attributed to excessive overpotential and poor lifespan. In the past decades, catalysts have been employed in the Li–CO2 batteries and been demonstrated to reduce the decomposition potential of the as-formed Li2CO3 during charge process with high efficiency. However, as a representative of promising catalysts, the high costs of noble metals limit the further development, which gives rise to the exploration of catalysts with high efficiency and low cost. In this work, we prepared a K+ doped MnO2 nanowires networks with three-dimensional interconnections (3D KMO NWs) catalyst through a simple hydrothermal method. The interconnected 3D nanowires network catalysts could accelerate the Li ions diffusion, CO2 transfer and the decomposition of discharge products Li2CO3. It is found that high content of K+ doping can promote the diffusion of ions, electrons and CO2 in the MnO2 air cathode, and promote the octahedral effect of MnO6, stabilize the structure of MnO2 hosts, and improve the catalytic activity of CO2. Therefore, it shows a high total discharge capacity of 9,043 mAh g−1, a low overpotential of 1.25 V, and a longer cycle performance.

System Design and Energy Management for Indoor Solar Energy Harvesting Under Consideration of Spectral Characteristics of Solar Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Viehweger ◽  
Thomas Keutel ◽  
Laura Kasper ◽  
Tim Pfeifer ◽  
Olfa Kanoun
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Solar Energy Harvesting ◽  
Difficult Situations

A standardized characterization method for solar cells is only available for outdoor use. For the supply of wireless sensor nodes with energy harvesting also indoor applications are of interest. Without comparable values it is difficult to select the proper cell for defined environmental conditions. Therefore it is necessary to make an investigation on their behavior individually to be able to make a selection. The work presented here shows the characterization of solar cells according to their spectral behavior, the influence of illumination and the usage of this information about the maximum power to design an energy management. Therefore a test structure with a monochromator, different light sources, source measure units and instruments for measuring intensity and spectra has been developed. The measurements help to select the best solar cell out of a repertory for indoor energy harvesting applications. As for indoor applications also the ability to make use of weak light and a high efficiency is important, the energy management has been improved using a dual DC/DC strategy that allows it to make efficient use of solar cells within difficult situations.

Plasmon-enhanced high-performance Si-based light sources by incorporating alloyed Au and Ag nanorods

CrystEngComm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (37) ◽  
pp. 6106-6115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Mingming Jiang ◽  
Kai Tang ◽  
Kunjie Ma ◽  
Yuting Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Promising Candidate

Benefitting from alloyed Au and Ag nanorods with desired plasmons, single ZnO:Ga microwire assembled on a p-Si template, can provide a promising candidate for the realization of high-efficiency Si-based light sources

scholarly journals Effects of Artificial Light Treatments on Growth, Mineral Composition, Physiology, and Pigment Concentration in Dieffenbachia maculata “Compacta” Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro García-Caparrós ◽  
Eva Almansa ◽  
Rosa Chica ◽  
María Lao
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Emitting

Specific wavebands may allow precise control of plant growth. However, light sources must be carefully evaluated before the large-scale use of supplemental light sources can be implemented. Dieffenbachia maculata “Compacta” plants were grown for 8 weeks in pots in a growth chamber under tightly controlled temperature and humidity in order to assess the effects of supplemental light. Three treatments were applied: (i) using 18-W fluorescent bulbs (T1), (ii) using the same bulbs with supplemental light emitting diodes (LEDs) (Pure Blue and Pure Red Mix-Light-Emitting Diodes (BR-LEDs)) (T2), and (iii) using high-efficiency TL5 fluorescents (T3). Plant biomass, mineral composition, and physiological and photosynthetic parameters were assessed under each light treatment. Total plant dry weight was highest in plants grown under treatments T1 and T3. Other differences were observed between different light treatments, including variation in biomass partitioning as well as N and K concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves. Further, proline and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) levels were higher in plants grown under the T1 treatment, whereas total soluble sugars and starch were higher in plants grown under treatment T3. Plants grown under treatment T1 had the lowest chlorophyll concentrations. No differences were observed in organ water content and P concentration. T2 was not the best treatment, as expected. The model proposed a linear regression between integrated use of spectral energy (IUSE) and total dry weight (TDW), which showed a good relationship with an R2 value of 0.83. Therefore, we recommend this methodology to discern the effects of the different spectral qualities on plant biomass.

Energy use in residential buildings: Analyses of high-efficiency filters and HVAC fans

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 109697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masih Alavy ◽  
Tianyuan Li ◽  
Jeffrey A. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Residential Buildings

Simplification of process technology for high-efficiency solar cells

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Bett ◽  
S. W. Glunz ◽  
J. Knobloch ◽  
R. Schindler ◽  
W. Wettling
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells

Design Consideration for Precise Cable Drive

2011 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Fei Lu ◽  
Da Peng Fan ◽  
De Jun Sheng ◽  
Zhi Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Steel Cable ◽  
Optical Tracking System ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Cable Drive ◽  
New Type ◽  
Matching Strategy

A brief overview of previously built Electro-Optical Tracking system reveals a trend toward smaller, more agile systems. Steel cable drive technology is an alternative to gearbox, belt and pulleys, chains and sprocket and other currently available transmission for several significant advantages, which includes backlash free, high stiffness, high efficiency, no lubrication etc.. As a new type of drive form, there were several key tradeoffs for the cable drive application, which will be developed and subjected in detail in this paper. Firstly Transmission principle and properties of cable drive is studied. Secondly, related design considerations of cable drive will be implemented and researched in detail, including the cable selection and capstan design, cable-groove matching strategy and cable tensioning design. Finally, actual application example of precise steel cable drive is presented for an Electro-Optical tracking gimbals, and performances tested validate the significant advantages of precise cable drive technology.

Metal halide lamps: Gravitational influence on color separation

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Stoffels ◽  
A. J. Flikweert ◽  
T. Nimalasuriya ◽  
J. J. A. M. van der Mullen ◽  
G. M. W. Kroesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Color Separation ◽  
Gravitational Influence ◽  
Metal Halide Lamps ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Flows

Metal halide lamps are very efficient light sources based on a Hg plasma arc with metal halide salt additions. In spite of their high efficiency, the lamps suffer from several problems, such as color separation and instabilities, which currently hinder large-scale use. These phenomena are caused by a complex interaction of convection and diffusion flows in the plasma. In order to unravel the various contributions, experiments under microgravity have been performed where convection is absent. The experiments confirm the previously held qualitative views, but also provide absolute data on densities and temperatures that will be used to validate numerical models of these lamps.

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