Intake of Small-to-Medium-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids Is Associated with Peripheral Leukocyte Telomere Length in Postmenopausal Women

Eight Holstein cows with body weight 570 ± 43 kg and 60 ± 20 lactation days were distributed in a double Latin square design with four 21-day periods to determine the effects of feeding ground or whole flaxseed with or without monensin supplementation (0.02% on a dry matter basis) on fatty acid profile of butter stored for 15 and 45 days. Ground flaxseed supply, in comparison to whole flaxseed, reduced relative percentages of 16:0, cis7-16:1, 17:0, and cis10-17:1 but it increased those of cis9,trans11-18:2, cis3-18:3, and omega 3 fatty acids in butter fat, reducing relative percentage of medium-chain fatty acids and increasing the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with monensin increased relative percentages of cis9,trans11-18:2 and tended to increase relative percentage of 17:0 and decrease that of saturated fatty acids in butter. Butter from cows fed diet with monensin presented lower relative percentages of cis 6-20:4. Relative percentages of cis 9-16:1, cis10-17:1, 18:0, trans11-18:1, cis9-18:1, cis3-18:3, cis6-20:4 in butter stored for 15 days were higher than those stored for 45 days and the relative percentages of cis3-20:5 tended to decrease with the increase of storage period. As a result, relative percentages of saturated fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids increased with storage time, while those of monounsaturated and long-chain fatty acids decreased. Butter enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a shorter shelf life due to the negative effect of storage on fatty acid profile which may cause oxidation and rancidity.

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Maternal age at last birth and leukocyte telomere length in a nationally representative population of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

Menopause ◽

10.1097/gme.0000000000001669 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1242-1250

Author(s):

Chase D. Latour ◽

Kelli O’Connell ◽

Megan E. Romano ◽

Elizabeth D. Kantor ◽

Mengmeng Du

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽

Nationally Representative

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Leukocyte Telomere Length and Risks of Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality in a Racially Diverse Population of Postmenopausal Women

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.115.305838 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 2225-2231 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Cara L. Carty ◽

Charles Kooperberg ◽

Jingmin Liu ◽

Megan Herndon ◽

Themistocles Assimes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽

Diverse Population ◽

Racially Diverse ◽

Incident Coronary Heart Disease

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Structural insights into oxidation of medium-chain fatty acids and flavanone by myxobacterial cytochrome P450 CYP267B1

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bcj20180402 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 475 (17) ◽

pp. 2801-2817 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ilona K. Jóźwik ◽

Martin Litzenburger ◽

Yogan Khatri ◽

Alexander Schifrin ◽

Marco Girhard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Decanoic Acid ◽

Dodecanoic Acid ◽

Binding Modes ◽

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽

Tetradecanoic Acid ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

Oxidative biocatalytic reactions performed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) are of high interest for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. CYP267B1 is a P450 enzyme from myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce56 displaying a broad substrate scope. In this work, a search for new substrates was performed, combined with product characterization and a structural analysis of substrate-bound complexes using X-ray crystallography and computational docking. The results demonstrate the ability of CYP267B1 to perform in-chain hydroxylations of medium-chain saturated fatty acids (decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and tetradecanoic acid) and a regioselective hydroxylation of flavanone. The fatty acids are mono-hydroxylated at different in-chain positions, with decanoic acid displaying the highest regioselectivity towards ω-3 hydroxylation. Flavanone is preferably oxidized to 3-hydroxyflavanone. High-resolution crystal structures of CYP267B1 revealed a very spacious active site pocket, similarly to other P450s capable of converting macrocyclic compounds. The pocket becomes more constricted near to the heme and is closed off from solvent by residues of the F and G helices and the B–C loop. The crystal structure of the tetradecanoic acid-bound complex displays the fatty acid bound near to the heme, but in a nonproductive conformation. Molecular docking allowed modeling of the productive binding modes for the four investigated fatty acids and flavanone, as well as of two substrates identified in a previous study (diclofenac and ibuprofen), explaining the observed product profiles. The obtained structures of CYP267B1 thus serve as a valuable prediction tool for substrate hydroxylations by this highly versatile enzyme and will encourage future selectivity changes by rational protein engineering.

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Telomere Length in Healthy Adults Is Positively Associated With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Including Arachidonic Acid, and Negatively With Saturated Fatty Acids

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa213 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 3-6

Author(s):

Varinderpal S Dhillon ◽

Permal Deo ◽

Ann Chua ◽

Phil Thomas ◽

Michael Fenech

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Status ◽

Acid Status

Abstract Lymphocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of aging that may be modified by dietary factors including fat. Red blood cell fatty acid status is a well-validated indicator of long-term dietary intake of fat from various sources. Recent findings from epidemiological studies of LTL in relation to fatty acids in red blood cells are not conclusive. The present study was carried out to investigate if red blood cell fatty acid status in 174 healthy older South Australians is associated with LTL. Lymphocyte telomere length was measured by real-time qPCR and fatty acid content in red blood cells was measured by gas chromatography. Our results indicate that the majority of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids are negatively associated with LTL, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids are positively associated with LTL. Multiple regression analysis revealed that arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) is significantly, independently, positively correlated with LTL (β = 0.262; p = .000). The significant association of fatty acids, particularly C20:4n-6, with telomere length warrants further research.

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The Production of Biofuels from Coconut Oil Using Microwave

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v9n7p93 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A Suryanto ◽

Suprapto Suprapto ◽

Mahfud Mahfud

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Myristic Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Raw Material ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Acid Reaction

Biofuels including biodiesel, an alternative fuel, is renewable, environmentally friendly, non-toxic and lowemission energy. The raw material used in this work was coconut oil, which contained saturated fatty acids about90% with medium chain (C8-C12), especially lauric acid and myristic acid. Reaction was conducted in batchreactor assisted by microwave. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of power and NaOH catalystin transesterification enhanced by microwave and to obtain a biofuels (biodiesel and biokerosene) derived fromcoconut oil. The reaction was performed by mixing oil and methanol with mole ratio of 1:6, catalystconcentration of 1% w/w with setting electrical power at 100, 264, 400, 600 and 800 W. The reaction time wasconditioned at of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 min. The results showed that microwave could accelerate thetransesterification process to produce biodiesel using NaOH catalyst. The highest yield of biodiesel was 97.76 %,or 99.05 % conversion at 5 min reaction, meanwhile biokerosene was 48% after distillation.

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